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This paper reviews elements of the history of association agreements between the EU and countries that are covered by the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). It considers the rationale for negotiation of Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas with neighbouring countries based on research that assesses the design, salience and incentive effects of such agreements. It makes a case that developments in the global economy and the experience with using trade agreements to pursue deeper integration of markets suggest that alternatives to DCFTAs may be more effective instruments for cooperation for both sides. The 2015 review of the ENP creates new opportunities to consider such alternatives. These could span sectoral agreements, more focused efforts targeting specific policy areas that have a significant impact on trade costs, and initiatives that centre on the adoption of international standards and internationally recognized good regulatory practices.

Intro -- U.S. FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS AND TRADE POLICY -- U.S. FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS AND TRADE POLICY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS: IMPACT ON U.S. TRADE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. TRADE POLICY -- SUMMARY -- WHAT ARE FREE TRADE AREAS? -- WHY COUNTRIES FORM FTAS -- FTAS IN THE CONTEXT OF U.S. TRADE POLICY -- OBAMA ADMINISTRATION POLICY AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- ECONOMIC IMPACT OF FTAS -- FTAS AND THE WTO -- THE DEBATE OVER FTAS -- CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CONGRESS -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 THE FUTURE OF U.S. TRADE POLICY: AN ANALYSIS OF ISSUES AND OPTIONS FOR THE 111TH CONGRESS -- SUMMARY -- THE CURRENT ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CLIMATE FOR TRADE POLICY -- Political Factors -- Public Opinion -- Congressional Perspective -- Presidential Perspective -- Executive-Legislative Partnership/Tension -- Economic Factors -- Global Economic Downturn -- Emergence of Developing Countries -- Economic Integration and Global Production Networks -- Preferential Trade Arrangements -- Limitations on Trade Policymaking -- "Behind the Border" Trade Barriers -- Trade Deficits -- TRADE ISSUES -- Pending FTAs and FTA Negotiations -- The WTO and the DDA -- Renewal of Trade Promotion Authority -- Reauthorization and Review of Trade Preference Programs -- Trade Enforcement -- Foreign Direct Investment: Bilateral Investment Treaties and FTA Investment Chapters -- THE DEBATE OVER U.S. TRADE POLICY: WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? -- "Trade Liberalizers" -- "Fair Traders" -- "Trade Skeptics" -- THE DIRECTION OF FOREIGN TRADE POLICY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 THE PROPOSED U.S.-PANAMA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT -- SUMMARY -- PANAMA'S CANAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES -- Early U.S.-Panama Economic Relations -- The Canal and U.S. Trade Policy -- PANAMANIAN TRADE RELATIONS

The article takes as its starting point the proliferation of regional free trade agreements, and the question is posed: whether increased economic integration in Central America may `spill over' in enhanced social citizenship rights? The question is triggered by the signing in 2004 of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR). The article explores the arguments concerning the development of CAFTA-DR and social citizenship, exemplified by labour rights. The article situates the making of CAFTA-DR in the context of historical attempts to promote regionalism. It reviews the arguments for and against free trade agreements in the USA and Central America and argues that there are tangible effects on social citizenship in particular relating to labour rights that can be credited to the signing of the agreement. The article concludes that CAFTA-DR has generated new possibilities for social citizenship in the region.

Free trade agreements in Southeast Asia -- Contents -- About the Author -- Chapter 1: Features of FTAs -- Chapter 2: Singapore's FTAs with New Zealand and Australia -- Chapter 3: Singapore's FTAs with Japan and EFTA -- Chapter 4: Singapore's FTA with the United States -- Chapter 5: Ongoing Individual Country FTA Initiatives -- Chapter 6: Ongoing ASEAN-wide FTA Initiatives: China, Australia/New Zealand, Japan, and India -- Chapter 7: Possible Benefits of FTAs for Southeast Asia -- Postscript -- Selected References.