Suchergebnisse

To what degree did regional banks have the freedom to pursue their tradition-laden corporate culture and how great was the influence of the ideology and practices of National Socialism? How adaptive or resistant were they to the demands of the Nazi regime? How did they behave toward Jewish members of the governing boards and Jewish customers? What role did they play in the "Aryanization" of Jewish-owned property?--

1. The Banat Germans from settlement to partial Nazification, 1699-1941 -- 2. Ethnic Germans and the invasion of Yugoslavia, 1941 -- 3. Ethnic German administration (1941) and community dynamics -- 4. Privileges, economy, and relations with other groups -- 5. Police and anti-partisan activity -- 6. The Holocaust (1941-1942) and Aryanization -- 7. Ideology and propaganda -- 8. The Waffen-SS division "Prinz Eugen" and anti-partisan warfare in Yugoslavia, 1942-1944 -- Guide to place names -- Glossary

To what degree did regional banks have the freedom to pursue their tradition-laden corporate culture and how great was the influence of the ideology and practices of National Socialism?How adaptive or resistant were they to the demands of the Nazi regime? How did they behave toward Jewish members of the governing boards and Jewish customers? What role did they play in the 'Aryanization' of Jewish-owned property? Horst Möller, ehem.Dirketor des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin.

Umschlag -- Titel -- Impressum -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- Illness, crisis, and the transition to the Nazi dictatorship -- Corporate restructuring after 1937 - laying down the basis for succession -- Riding the tide of the armaments boom -- Horst Sartorius as War Administrative Councilor in the Military High Command France -- Fritz Sartorius as the beneficiary of »Aryanization« in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia -- Small beginnings and major growth in the postwar period -- Resumption of the family dispute -- Denazification of the prior CEO Erich Sartorius -- »Never acted as an activist?« Denazification of Horst Sartorius -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Bibliography and references -- Picture credits.

From Cooperation to Complicity is a study of the Degussa corporation, a firm which played a pivotal role in the processing of plundered precious metals in Nazi-occupied Europe and controlled the production and distribution of Zyklon B, the infamous pesticide used to gas the inmates of Auschwitz and Majdanek concentration camps, during the Third Reich. The author traces the extent of the corporation's involvement in these and other Nazi war crimes, including the Aryanization of Jewish-owned property and the exploitation of forced labour, and delineates the motivations for such conduct

Jews and non-Jews in the aryanization process: comparison of France and the Slovak state, 1939-45 / Jean-Marc Dreyfus and Eduard Nižňanský -- Pogroms and massacres during the summer of 1941 in the Łomża and Białystock district: the case of Radziłów / Andrzej Żbikowski -- Holocaust in the Lithuanian provinces: case studies of Jurbarkas and Utena / Christoph Dieckmann -- Facing deportation in Germany and the Netherlands: survival in hiding / Marnix Croes and Beate Kosmala -- Jews and their social environment: perspectives from the underground press in Poland and France / Daniel Blatman and Renée Poznanski -- Cultural memory and legal responses: Holocaust denial in Belgium and Romania / Georgi Verbeeck and Mariana Hausleitner

Since the end of the 1920s, the Wintershall AG developed from a potash-mining company to a congolmerate expanding into business segments such as the production and processing of crude oil and the production of magnesium. The corporate group tried to safeguard this strategic realignment by establishing contacts to the NSDAP even well before 1933. Subsequently, the company was able to rapidly and successfully establish itself in the context of the autarky-policy and armaments effort of the "Third Reich". During the war, Wintershall participated in the race for resources in the occupied territories and profited from "Aryanization", as well as foreign and forced labor. These three issues form the main thematic focus of this publication.

In a combined approach of contemporary history and history of law this study examines how German civil law notaries exercised their profession under the Nazi regime which praised the concept of a "national community" in its propaganda. The two authors show which expectations of the regime the notaries were confronted with and, based on statistic evaluations, to which extent the regime's pressure transformed the understanding of the civil law notary's profession in Nazi Germany and made notaries comply with the new requirements in their daily work. In this context, especially the role of notaries in the "aryanization" proceedings where German Jews were deprived of their property is taken into account. The study was carried out in the court districts of Dortmund, Hagen and Münster-Land.

This article traces the development of Italian eugenics and scientific racism from their origins in nineteenth-century positivist anthropology to the 1938 Manifesto of Racial Scientists. I follow the biographical trajectory of the Sicilian racial thinker Alfredo Niceforo (1876–1960), the last member of Cesare Lombroso's positivist school, a founding father of Italian eugenics and a prominent statistician throughout the fascist regime. I argue that the peculiarity of the Italian path to eugenics was its 'internal orientalism', caused by the poverty and perceived backwardness of the Italian South. Blending Niceforo's biography with his ideas, I chart the social and intellectual history of Italian scientific racism from the transformation of Lombroso's school to the fascist 'Aryanization' of Italians.

The economics of the Holocaust is a many‐facetted subject that is an integral part of the Holocaust's history. This paper describes some of the results of the new research since 1990 and discusses the economic rationalities employed by the perpetrators in despoiling the Jews. Economic considerations accompanied the timing and pace of the expropriation of Jewish assets and their "Aryanization." The new research also shows that there was widespread collaboration in the expropriation of the Jews by private interests both inside Germany and in German‐controlled Europe and that networks of bureaucrats and private interests joined to achieve Nazi goals. The combination of expropriation and mass murder was one of the aspects of the Holocaust that made it unique.

Die staatlichen Finanzbehörden waren maßgebliche Akteure bei der Planung, Legitimation und Umsetzung der wirtschaftlichen Ausplünderung der deutschen Juden. Wie kam es dazu, dass ein so großer und weit verzweigter bürokratischer Apparat wie die Finanzverwaltung mit zehntausenden von Mitarbeitern weitgehend reibungslos im Sinne der NS-Politik funktionierte und sich bereitwillig an den Staatsverbrechen des "Dritten Reiches" beteiligte? Um diese Kernfrage zu klären, geht Christiane Kuller in ihrer Pionierstudie den politischen Entscheidungen, der institutionellen Organisation und der praktischen Durchführung der fiskalischen Verfolgung nach und verknüpft diese Ebenen erstmals. Ihre Analyse der Normen und institutionellen Routinen wie auch situativer und personaler Faktoren verdeutlicht die erschreckende Rolle des Reichsfinanzministeriums und seiner Verwaltung bei der Ordnung des Terrors. Eingebettet in eine längere zeitliche Perspektive, die bereits im späten 19. Jahrhundert einsetzt und bis in die Nachkriegszeit reicht, erschließen sich somit Grundfragen der Analyse nationalsozialistischer Staatsverbrechen. Christiane Kuller erhielt für ihre Arbeit den Habilitationsförderpreis der Universität München 2011 und den Ernst-Fraenkel-Prize der Wiener Library / London 2012. TEXT ZUR RIEIHE Das Reichsministerium der Finanzen finanzierte Repression, Aufrüstung und Kriegführung des nationalsozialistischen Staates. Es setzte über den Rahmen herkömmlicher Einnahmen hinaus im Reich wie in den besetzten Gebieten zunehmend auf Konfiskation. Struktur, Handeln und politisches Gewicht der Finanzverwaltung als Teil des verbrecherischen Regimes untersucht eine internationale zusammengesetzte Historikerkommission im Auftrag des Bundesfinanzministeriums. Bitte die Herausgeber ergänzen

Historians often underestimate the significance of indigenous anti-Semitic policies that evolved in Austria in 1938. The exclusion of the Jews from the Austrian economy & their subsequent expulsion from the country resulted from neither premeditated planning nor German laws. Rather they grew out of a progression of unofficial looting & official confiscation, & only subsequently became rationalized into pseudo-legal procedures & unprecedented institutions. By late spring, 1938 Austrian functionaries, having effectively deprived Jews of control over their own property, created a system of compulsory "Aryanization." The following examines the influence of Austrian proposals on leaders of the Reich, from the "registration" of Jewish property in Apr 1938 up through the notorious conference that Goring convened on 12 Nov following Kristallnacht. That conference initiated the application throughout the Reich of decrees & institutions originally crafted in Vienna: the so-called "Vienna Model.". Adapted from the source document.