Suchergebnisse

Objective: To examine the factors that influenced African American men's medical help seeking. Method: Thematic analysis of 14 focus groups with 105 older, urban African American men. Results: African American men described normative expectations that they did not go to the doctor and that they were afraid to go, with little explanation. When they did go, men reported that they were particularly uncomfortable with the tone physicians used when talking to them. Providers often made recommendations but offered the men little useful information on how to make lifestyle and behavior changes. Following receipt of care, spouses, medical test results, and men's desire to fulfill social roles were key motivating and instrumental factors in following medical advice. Conclusions: African American men's medical help seeking seemed to be negatively influenced by social norms and patient-provider interactions but positively influenced by spouses and the desire to fulfill social roles.

A history of service -- African Americans during the Revolution -- African Americans bearing arms -- Fighting for freedom -- Henry O. Flipper and other West Point graduates -- Continued exclusion and segregation -- The first African American Commander in Chief

AbstractThis research aimed to clarify the correlates of gang awareness in inner city youth as a function of age, gender and peer group affiliation. It is proposed that the influence and hegemony of street gangs is a distinguishing feature of inner city neighborhoods, and that this influence is mediated by development. Participants (N =489) were African American boys and girls from the 1st, 4th, and 7th grades in four inner city public schools. Students' knowledge of gangs in the local community was determined. Social networks for 4th and 7th grade students were identified. Girls' and boys' familiarity with local gangs increased with age and differed by peer group affiliation. The relationship of gang familiarity to teacher and self‐ratings of aggression, popularity, and academic competence changed with age. These findings support the proposition that neighborhoods have nontrivial effects on social development, and these effects are likely to interact with developmental status and social affiliations.

Do minority voters respond to co-racial or co-ethnic candidates? That is does the increased chance of substantive representation translate into increased participation? Here, we focus on this question among African American voters. While much of the empirical literature on this question has produced conflicting answers, recent studies suggest that minority candidates can significantly increase minority turnout. We argue that past work on this topic does not adequately account for the fact that minority voters in places with minority candidates may systematically differ in their level of participation than minority voters in places without minority candidates. In this study we address the weaknesses of previous research designs and offer a new design that exploits the redistricting process to gain additional leverage over this question. We find little evidence that African American voter turnout increases when voters are moved to African American candidates. We find some evidence that white voters, however, tend to vote at lower rates when they are represented by African American candidates.

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 - African Americans and African migrants:Mutual attraction and repulsion -- 2 - Historical memory as a factor in interactions between African Americans and sub-Saharan African migrants -- 3 - Images of cultures, and interactions between African Americans and sub-Saharan African migrants -- Conclusion -- Photographic Essay -- References -- Index.

Has black inclusion in the political process changed political institutions and led to more black influence in the governmental process? How do African American legislators balance racial interests with broader issues of government? And how is their effectiveness subjectively perceived and objectively evaluated?In one of the first book-length studies to analyze the behavior of African American state legislators in multiple legislative sessions across five states, Kerry Haynie has compiled a wealth of valuable data that reveals the dynamics and effectiveness of black participation in the legisl

STUDIES THE EFFECT OF AFRICAN BLACK INTELLECTUALS IN MOULDING BLACK ETHNIC CONSCIOUSNESS IN AMERICA. THIS CAN BE SEEN ESPECIALLY THROUGH A STUDY OF THE CAREER OF EDWARD W. BLYDEN, WHO WAS BORN IN THE DANISH WEST INDIAN ISLAND OF ST. THOMAS IN 1832 BUT WHO MOVED TO LIBERIA IN 1850. HE EMPHASIZED FOUR MAIN THEMES IN HIS DEFENSE OF THE NEGRO RACE.

Financial socialization, or who and how individuals were influenced financially, while growing up, has an impact on their current financial literacy and well-being. Little is known about African Americans' financial socialization, so this study explored their financial socialization through the best and brightest of the community-educated African Americans; and then determine if the way in which they were socialized has an impact on their financial knowledge. The African American community is a heterogeneous community and differences in education levels would probably produce differences in financial outcomes. Primary data and 2015 FINRA survey data were used in this study. This study found that participants' top three financial influences were parents, followed by life experiences, and then formal influences. Furthermore, those who were financial socialization by self-directed influences were more likely to be more financially knowledgeable than those who were financially socialized by other informal influences.

Problem. The purpose of this study was to discover factors that influence the political career choice of African American women legislators to serve in the State of Michigan Congress. Therefore, this study focused on motivations that affected three African American women legislators' political experiences. Method. This study used a case-study approach, and the end result is a multi-faceted case study of the political experiences of three State of Michigan African American women legislators. The techniques used in the ethnographic research---interviews, observations, note-taking, and reviews of public and personal documents---were intended to increase understanding of the observed phenomena. Data from these different sources enhanced the analysis and interpretation of the narrative portion of the three case studies. Results. Throughout this study the three informants spoke of influences that affected their political career decisions. Descriptive narrative accounts of various political challenges that each research subject experienced while seeking election and upon becoming an elected official are also provided through the context of this research. Conclusions. According to the research findings, informants were encouraged by family, friends, and other members of their support networks to pursue political aspirations despite the frequent gender and racial discrimination encountered throughout the informants' political experiences. Internal and external motivators such as personal resolve, sheer determination, and reliance on spiritual guidance enabled these informants to achieve political success. Political neophytes may use these findings to analyze and, where suited, re-chart their efforts or energies and political career advancement. Additionally, this study may serve as a motivational resource for professionals in various fields by identifying and describing individuals who demonstrated persistence to achieve their desired career goals.