Suchergebnisse

Following an overview of the history & structure of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) & its role in international geopolitics, NATO's success as a instrument of international peace is evaluated using a Kantian three-pronged conceptualization of peace: democratization, codependence established through economic interaction, & joint membership in international institutions. Reasons behind Hungary's fervent desire to become a part of this "extraterritorial institution of the world hegemony"& its acceptance into NATO in 1998 are chronicled & the issue of Hungarian sovereignty vs independence is considered, drawing on an archival analysis of Hungarian reactions to NATO membership & official NATO publications. The role of the Magyar militia & its key pro-NATO position is discussed. The notion of NATO as a "process" & Hungary as a "space of opportunism" is also explored. References. K. Hyatt Stewart

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the impact of organized crime and public sector corruption on the efforts of the international community to rebuild Bosnia and meet the benchmarks for the withdrawal of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces, focusing on: (1) how organized crime and public sector corruption might affect the successful implementation of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Dayton Agreement) in Bosnia; (2) whether the international community's anticorruption efforts have improved Bosnia's law enforcement and judicial system and reduced corruption; and (3) whether international assistance resources are being safeguarded and whether such assistance is being used by Bosnia in place of domestic revenues lost due to crime and corruption."

Introduction: Viral sovereignty, technology transfer, and the changing global system for sharing pathogens for public health research / Sam Halabi and Rebecca Katz -- The history of accessing and sharing human pathogens for public health / Michelle Rourke -- Attitudes towards transfers of human samples across borders : a multi-country perspective / Ben Krohmal -- The scope of global infectious disease research : field capture, quarantine, and sample transfer to detect emerging pathogen threats / Brian Bird -- The ethics of conducting genomic research in low-resource settings / Hayley K. Sullivan and Benjamin E. Berkman -- The ethics of human pathogen research during public health emergencies in low-and middle income countries : lessons from Latin America and the Caribbean / Sam Halabi -- Biosecurity, biosafety and the management of dangerous pathogens for public health research / Joshua Teperowski Monrad and Rebecca Katz -- Human rights implications of pathogen sharing and technology transfer / Alexandra Phelan -- Material transfer agreements and the regulation of the collaborative environment / Sherry Brett-Major -- Sharing of biological samples during public health emergencies : challenges and opportunities for national and international action / Maria Julia Marinissen, Ruvani Chandrasekera, John Maria Julia Marinissen, Ruvani Chandrasekera, John Simpson, Theodore Kuschak, and Simpson, Theodore Kuschak, and Lauren Barna -- Facilitating material transfer agreements from a practitioner's perspective / Michael Mowatt and Mukul Ranjan -- The pandemic influenza preparedness framework as an access and benefit sharing mechanism / Anne Huvos, Steven A. Solomon and Claudia Nannini.

"For three centuries, concepts of the state have been animated by one of the most powerful metaphors in politics: the body politic, a claustrophobic and bounded image of sovereignty. Climate change, neoliberalism, mass migration, and other aspects of the late Anthropocene have increasingly revealed the limitations of this metaphor. Just as the human body is not whole and separate from other bodies--comprising microbes, bacteria, water, and radioactive isotopes--Stefanie R. Fishel argues that the body politic of the state exists in dense entanglement with other communities and forms of life. Drawing on insights from continental philosophy, science and technology studies, and international relations theory, this path-breaking book critiques the concept of the body politic on the grounds of its very materiality. Fishel both redefines and extends the metaphor of the body politic and its role in understanding an increasingly posthuman, globalized world politics. By conceiving of bodies and states as lively vessels, living harmoniously with multiplicity and the biosphere, she argues that a radical shift in metaphors can challenge a politics based on fear to open new forms of global political practice and community. Reframing the concept of the body politic to accommodate greater levels of complexity, Fishel suggests, will result in new configurations for the political and social organization necessary to build a world in which the planet's inhabitants do not merely live but actively thrive"--

The 21st century has created renewed interest in developing culturally relevant social work where it does not exist, especially for children affected by armed conflict and disaster, in order to ensure that local professional standards guide responses to these types of distress. In this context Afghanistan's National Strategy for Children at Risk required the development of professional guidelines for social work practice with children in crisis. This article illustrates the collaboration of the Afghan government with two international schools of social work to initiate national social work standards and curricula by engaging local practitioners in defining their work and core competencies through the DACUM (Develop-A-Curriculum) method. Strengths and limitations of the method are explored, as are implications for social work development in Afghanistan and other conflict and disaster affected countries.

Whilst terrorism is not a new global phenomenon, the fallout from the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the US remain extensive and far reaching, including the sanctioning of harsher security measures and the denigration of human rights and civil liberties. Of particular concern is the move towards torture being an accepted practice for those deemed 'terror suspects' or captured 'enemy' combatants in countries where the so called 'war on terror' is still being played out. This article argues that the social work response, particularly in relation to challenging pro-torture rhetoric, has been limited at best, and to effectively address the problem there must be an international response if social work is to adhere to its obligations under the IFSW Code of Ethics, and fulfil its role as a human rights profession.

This article analyses the social work implications in programmes and initiatives that address the rights of children in Kenya. The analysis is drawn from three case studies of organizations that promote child rights in Kenya, namely Compassion International (Kenya), Chosen Children of Promise (CCP) and Equity Group Foundation of the Equity Bank. These agencies are making notable efforts to identify needy children and assist them to access education in appropriate institutions through the provision of scholarships and other forms of assistance. The research notes the lack of clear government policy for gifted and talented children's education and the positive role that social workers could play in the promotion of child rights in Kenya. This article makes a contribution to the awareness of policies for gifted and talented children in Kenya.

The pillars of the Russian political power are as follows: nuclear power, the
United Nations veto power, possession and trade in energy products. In
comparison with other countries on the international energy market Russia has
enormous energy and mineral resources. It uses them as an instrument of
pursuing of its foreign policy and gaining regional and global power.
Building of the South Stream enables Russia to expand its power in the
Mediterranean, South Europe and in the African pipeline areas. Russia has
developed several projects covering a broader Euro-Asian and Mediterranean
area. In this way, it has positioned itself for a global energy acting
through which it attempts to achieve its aim of exerting its global political
influence establishing itself as a global energy super power.

Endeavoring to establish the essence and the basic structural characteristics of the contemporary forms of terrorism the author firstly analyses different attempts to define the phenomenon itself as one of the most significant forms of the non-unconventional security threats. The paper points to different motives and objectives (political, social and other) of some actors that belong to various terrorist groups and organizations acting in the world today. In that regard, the approach of the states and international factors to this challenge should be different. As the author concludes that the results that have been achieved so far in the 'war on terror', as well as the consequences resulting from solely applying repression and the principle of non negotiation with terrorists, are such that should be critically reconsidered.

The paper searches for an answer to the following questions: why had the situation in Japan and the European Union situation improved in comparison with the one in United States prior to the first oil price shock; what factors altered this tendency later, especially from the 1990s onwards; what was the role of the international economic conditions in all that? Applying the models of mathematical economics, the authors have proven their main statements by an econometric investigation. The most important conclusion that can be drawn is that in the world economic competition the situation both in Japan and the European Union was primarily determined by the changes in the world economic conditions, chiefly the oil prices in the world market and the exchange rates, what can less be said of the United States.

On its road to EU membership Serbia faces numerous challenges. Among important ones are how to solve the problems of environmental protection and sustainable management of natural resources. After defining sustainable development and its postulates, the author gives an overview of natural resources, this including land, water, air, as well as biodiversity discussing their inter-dependence. She points to the relatedness between cultural and natural resources for sustainable development giving the 'Djerdap' National Park as an example. In the author's opinion, a very effective instrument for coping with these challenges is international co-operation in the field of sustainable use of natural and cultural-historical resources, from global connections and worldwide actions, to regional interconnections and co-operation including cross-border co-operation of neighboring countries in this area.

In analyzing regional economic integration in Europe the authors pay special attention to the development in the European Union, for other forms of regional or sub regional integration at the continent are in fact mostly transitional and provisional, and directly connected with EU. The authors argue that in spite of considerable success and high level of integration of the EU, several important open issues remain in that process. They are results of mixed character of European integration: political and economic. Too many kinds of interests are of opposed character, and it is very hard to harmonize them in real politics. The main problems in the EU have their cause in the nature of European integration: international competitiveness of European economy, social character of European states, national productivity, challenges of enlargement.

The principles of territorial integrity and (non)interference halt the influence of self-determination. Legal relationship between these principles become much more complex in the Balkans despite the strong regard given to preserving the territorial integrity of the state. One of the repercussion of this controversial relationship is that human right stay without effectual protection in the case of conflict between these two principles. In this circumstance central government and movement to self-determination are supported to settle its claims by restoring to armed hostilities. The author explains how international community can reduce the inherent conflict as the working out of these principles in light of the forces of democratisation and respect for human rights, peace and development comes to make the parties see them as less and less irreconcilable.