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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted billions of lives across the world and has revealed and worsened the social and economic inequalities that have emerged over the past several decades. As governments consider public health and economic strategies to respond to the crisis, it is critical they also address the weaknesses of their economic and social systems that inhibited their ability to respond comprehensively to the pandemic. These same weaknesses have also undermined efforts to advance equality and sustainability. This paper explores over 30 interventions across the following nine categories of change that hold the potential to address inequality, provide all citizens with access to essential goods and services, and advance progress towards sustainability: (1) Income and wealth transfers to facilitate an equitable increase in purchasing power/disposable income; (2) broadening worker and citizen ownership of the means of production and supply of services, allowing corporate profit-taking to be more equitably distributed; (3) changes in the supply of essential goods and services for more citizens; (4) changes in the demand for more sustainable goods and services desired by people; (5) stabilizing and securing employment and the workforce; (6) reducing the disproportionate power of corporations and the very wealthy on the market and political system through the expansion and enforcement of antitrust law such that the dominance of a few firms in critical sectors no longer prevails; (7) government provision of essential goods and services such as education, healthcare, housing, food, and mobility; (8) a reallocation of government spending between military operations and domestic social needs; and (9) suspending or restructuring debt from emerging and developing countries. Any interventions that focus on growing the economy must also be accompanied by those that offset the resulting compromises to health, safety, and the environment from increasing unsustainable consumption. This paper compares and identifies the interventions that should be considered as an important foundational first step in moving beyond the COVID-19 pandemic and towards sustainability. In this regard, it provides a comprehensive set of strategies that could advance progress towards a component of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10 to reduce inequality within countries. However, the candidate interventions are also contrasted with all 17 SDGs to reveal potential problem areas/tradeoffs that may need careful attention.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted billions of lives across the world and has revealed and worsened the social and economic inequalities that have emerged over the past several decades. As governments consider public health and economic strategies to respond to the crisis, it is critical they also address the weaknesses of their economic and social systems that inhibited their ability to respond comprehensively to the pandemic. These same weaknesses have also undermined efforts to advance equality and sustainability. This paper explores over 30 interventions across the following nine categories of change that hold the potential to address inequality, provide all citizens with access to essential goods and services, and advance progress towards sustainability: (1) Income and wealth transfers to facilitate an equitable increase in purchasing power/disposable income; (2) broadening worker and citizen ownership of the means of production and supply of services, allowing corporate profit-taking to be more equitably distributed; (3) changes in the supply of essential goods and services for more citizens; (4) changes in the demand for more sustainable goods and services desired by people; (5) stabilizing and securing employment and the workforce; (6) reducing the disproportionate power of corporations and the very wealthy on the market and political system through the expansion and enforcement of antitrust law such that the dominance of a few firms in critical sectors no longer prevails; (7) government provision of essential goods and services such as education, healthcare, housing, food, and mobility; (8) a reallocation of government spending between military operations and domestic social needs; and (9) suspending or restructuring debt from emerging and developing countries. Any interventions that focus on growing the economy must also be accompanied by those that offset the resulting compromises to health, safety, and the environment from increasing unsustainable consumption. This paper compares and identifies the interventions that should be considered as an important foundational first step in moving beyond the COVID-19 pandemic and towards sustainability. In this regard, it provides a comprehensive set of strategies that could advance progress towards a component of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10 to reduce inequality within countries. However, the candidate interventions are also contrasted with all 17 SDGs to reveal potential problem areas/tradeoffs that may need careful attention.

PurposeBangladesh recently experienced frequent demonstrations by drivers of ridesharing applications. Since the drivers are not excluded from the technology environment, rather they are a part of the digital ecosystem, these protests may point toward the existence of unequal interactional outcomes for different stakeholders afforded by the digital system within the country's social and cultural contexts. This research is an attempt to unveil the reasons behind value inequality experienced by drivers of ridesharing applications in Bangladesh and understand how power asymmetries influence adverse digital incorporation that can result in the emergence of resistance.Design/methodology/approachWe obtain the data by conducting interviews with 91 drivers of ridesharing platforms in Dhaka, Bangladesh and analyze our data using thematic analysis. We propose an integrated framework unifying adverse digital incorporation (ADI) with the "powercube" model to illuminate our inquiry.FindingsWe find the existence of all three drivers to ADI – ignorance/deceit, direct compulsion and exclusion – exclusion being the most prevalent – that are experienced by the drivers of ridesharing applications in Bangladesh. We also find support for the four causes behind value inequality – design inequality, resource inequality, institutional inequality and relational inequality with the respondents placing the highest emphasis on relational inequality. There are visible, hidden and invisible forms of power involved in how the drivers are incorporated into the ridesharing platforms. The forms of power in the platform environment are exercised primarily in closed spaces and the invited spaces for the drivers are very few. The drivers in response to the closed spaces of power create their own space (claimed space) through the help of social media and other messaging apps. We also find that the power over the drivers is exercised at global, national and local levels.Practical implicationsOur research identifies norms specific to the social and cultural contexts of Bangladesh and can help decision-makers to make more informed choices during the formulation of future digital platform guidelines. Based on the research findings, the paper also makes short-term and long-term policy recommendations.Social implicationsThis research has implications for creating a decent work environment for ridesharing drivers which broadly falls under the Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8).Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that integrates the ADI model with the "powercube" framework to reveal that the drivers working on the ridesharing platforms in Bangladesh are adversely incorporated into the digital system where value inequalities are operating within the power dimensions.

PurposeThis study aims to examine the comparative link between mobile money (MoMo) and entrepreneurship in East Africa. Apart from analysing the data to examine locational, gender and age heterogeneities in the MoMo–entrepreneurship nexus, the authors explore the potential roles of digital savings and access to digital credit in serving as transmission channels in the link between MoMo adoption and entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses nationally representative samples from Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda which were extracted from the fifth wave of the InterMedia Financial Inclusion Insights (FII) Program. The authors employ a suite of quasi-experimental microeconometric techniques—standard instrumental variable estimation, Lewbel two-stage least squares (2SLS) and propensity score matching.FindingsOverall, the authors' preferred endogeneity-corrected result suggests that adopters of MoMo are 24.4 percentage points more likely to engage in entrepreneurship. This result is robust to alternative ways of conceptualising MoMo adoption and different methods used in resolving endogeneity. The association between MoMo and entrepreneurship is stronger in Kenya compared to Uganda and not significant in Tanzania. The significant positive association between MoMo and entrepreneurship is observed among women and rural residents and not for their male and urban-located counterparts. MoMo significantly enhances entrepreneurship among the youth and adults but not the elderly. Digital savings and access to digital credit serve as important channels through which FinTech adoption influences entrepreneurship.Practical implicationsThe entrepreneurship-enhancing effect of MoMo adoption can be extended to discuss the possibility of employing MoMo as a policy tool to contribute to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SGD) 8 which seeks to ensure full and productive employment and decent work for all. Incomes that accrue from entrepreneurial activities can also increase households' purchasing power to decrease poverty (SDG 1), reduce food insecurity (SDG 2) and provide resources needed to purchase clean and modern cooking and lighting fuels (SGD 7).Social implicationsThe growing rate of unemployment and vulnerable employment in Africa has been an issue of concern to policy makers. These problems have been caused by the inability of policy makers to create adequate jobs. The study's findings show that policies geared towards enhancing the diffusion of MoMo can augment efforts being made by governments to decrease the unemployment rate in Africa through increased entrepreneurship. The employment effect of MoMo can also be realised through the emergence of digital entrepreneurship which has been identified as having the potential to transform African economies to knowledge-based economies for sustainable development.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the MoMo literature by deviating from the focus of existing studies which have emphasised more on the intermediate outcome (performance) and less on the immediate (i.e. entrepreneurship or small business venturing). This helps to highlight the entrepreneurship effect of MoMo which has evolved from a simple peer-to-peer payment system to a complex one that provides savings, credit, insurance and other products.

1) Executive Summary Legislation (Autism Act NI, 2011), a cross-departmental strategy (Autism Strategy 2013-2020) and a first action plan (2013-2016) have been developed in Northern Ireland in order to support individuals and families affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) without a prior thorough baseline assessment of need. At the same time, there are large existing data sets about the population in NI that had never been subjected to a secondary data analysis with regards to data on ASD. This report covers the first comprehensive secondary data analysis and thereby aims to inform future policy and practice. Following a search of all existing, large-scale, regional or national data sets that were relevant to the lives of individuals and families affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Northern Ireland, extensive secondary data analyses were carried out. The focus of these secondary data analyses was to distill any ASD related data from larger generic data sets. The findings are reported for each data set and follow a lifespan perspective, i.e., data related to children is reported first before data related to adults. Key findings: Autism Prevalence: Of children born in 2000 in the UK, • 0.9% (1:109) were reported to have ASD, when they were 5-year old in 2005; • 1.8% (1:55) were reported to have ASD, when they were 7-years old in 2007; • 3.5% (1:29) were reported to have ASD, when they were 11-year old in 2011. In mainstream schools in Northern Ireland • 1.2% of the children were reported to have ASD in 2006/07; • 1.8% of the children were reported to have ASD in 2012/13. Economic Deprivation: • Families of children with autism (CWA) were 9%-18% worse off per week than families of children not on the autism spectrum (COA). • Between 2006-2013 deprivation of CWA compared to COA nearly doubled as measured by eligibility for free school meals (from near 20 % to 37%) • In 2006, CWA and COA experienced similar levels of deprivation (approx. 20%), by 2013, a considerable deprivation gap had developed, with CWA experienced 6% more deprivation than COA. • Nearly 1/3 of primary school CWA lived in the most deprived areas in Northern Ireland. • Nearly ½ of children with Asperger's Syndrome who attended special school lived in the most deprived areas. Unemployment: • Mothers of CWA were 6% less likely to be employed than mothers of COA. • Mothers of CWA earned 35%-56% less than mothers of COA. • CWA were 9% less likely to live in two income families than COA. Health: • Pre-diagnosis, CWA were more likely than COA to have physical health problems, including walking on level ground, speech and language, hearing, eyesight, and asthma. • Aged 3 years of age CWA experienced poorer emotional and social health than COA, this difference increased significantly by the time they were 7 years of age. • Mothers of young CWA had lower levels of life satisfaction and poorer mental health than mothers of young COA. Education: • In mainstream education, children with ASD aged 11-16 years reported less satisfaction with their social relationships than COA. • Younger children with ASD (aged 5 and 7 years) were less likely to enjoy school, were bullied more, and were more reluctant to attend school than COA. • CWA attended school 2-3 weeks less than COA . • Children with Asperger's Syndrome in special schools missed the equivalent of 8-13 school days more than children with Asperger's Syndrome in mainstream schools. • Children with ASD attending mainstream schooling were less likely to gain 5+ GCSEs A*-C or subsequently attend university. Further and Higher Education: • Enrolment rates for students with ASD have risen in Further Education (FE), from 0% to 0.7%. • Enrolment rates for students with ASD have risen in Higher Education (HE), from 0.28% to 0.45%. • Students with ASD chose to study different subjects than students without ASD, although other factors, e.g., gender, age etc. may have played a part in subject selection. • Students with ASD from NI were more likely than students without ASD to choose Northern Irish HE Institutions rather than study outside NI. Participation in adult life and employment: • A small number of adults with ASD (n=99) have benefitted from DES employment provision over the past 12 years. • It is unknown how many adults with ASD have received employment support elsewhere (e.g. Steps to Work). • Awareness and Attitudes in the General Population: • In both the 2003 and 2012 NI Life and Times Survey (NILTS), NI public reported positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with ASD in mainstream education (see also BASE Project Vol. 2). Gap Analysis Recommendations: This was the first comprehensive secondary analysis with regards to ASD of existing large-scale data sets in Northern Ireland. Data gaps were identified and further replications would benefit from the following data inclusion: • ASD should be recorded routinely in the following datasets: o Census; o Northern Ireland Survey of Activity Limitation (NISALD); o Training for Success/Steps to work; Steps to Success; o Travel survey; o Hate crime; and o Labour Force Survey. • Data should be collected on the destinations/qualifications of special school leavers. • NILT Survey autism module should be repeated in 5 years time (2017) (see full report of 1st NILT Survey autism module 2012 in BASE Project Report Volume 2). • General public attitudes and awareness should be assessed for children and young people, using the Young Life and Times Survey (YLT) and the Kids Life and Times Survey (KLT); (this work is underway, Dillenburger, McKerr, Schubolz, & Lloyd, 2014-2015).

Chapter 1: Navigating the New Era: Interdisciplinary Insights into Greece's Political Economy of Evaluation -- Part A. Policy Evaluation in Times of Change -- Chapter 2: Evaluation in the Polycrisis Epoche -- Chapter 3: The Key Horizontal Principles in the Evaluation Practice: From Necessity to Culture -- Chapter 4: Developing a Culture of Evaluation as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Economic Development -- Chapter 5: Scrutiny of legislation: securing effectiveness and legislative quality -- Chapter 6: Mainstreaming inclusive principles and strategic approaches in regulatory policy evaluation: The case of the EU and the Greek central government -- Chapter 7: How sustainable and inclusive is economic growth in Greece -- Chapter 8: Evaluation for people or with people? The role of participatory and empowering approaches to social inclusion -- Part B. Evaluating Policy Implementation During Economic Crises -- Chapter 9: Evaluating the Internal Devaluation Policies Implemented in Greece – Analytical Insights and Empirical Evidence -- Chapter 10. A comparative evaluation of alternative methods for assessing corporate creative accounting in Greece: Empirical Evidence during the Financial Crisis -- Chapter 11: Evaluating factors that strengthened the informal economy in the global financial crisis: a case study in selected countries of the European Union -- Chapter 12: An Econometric Policy Evaluation of Fiscal Management in PIGS Economies -- Part C. Policy Evaluation of Specific Sectors and Policies -- Chapter 13: Inclination towards Applying Different Evaluation Approaches to Provide Inputs for Evidence-Based Policy Design -- Chapter 14: Evaluation as a Tool to Increase the Competitiveness and Economic Development of SMEs -- Chapter 15: Greek SMEs and Sustainable Development: An Evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) -- Chapter 16: The Link Between ESG, Corporate Governance and Stock Performance of European Financial Institutions -- Chapter 17: Evaluation processes in all aspects of EKDDA's open innovation project -- Chapter 18: Evaluating Internal Audit's importance and value-added in Corporate Governance and Risk Management: An Empirical Investigation -- Chapter 19: Policy Recommendations for Greece to Provide Energy Independence -- Chapter 20: The political economy of redistribution of income support to Greek farms: the case of Greece's CAP Strategic Plan 2023-2027.

List of FiguresList of TablesList of ContributorsChapter 1: Business-financing options⁰́₉ effects on micro-enterprise performance in the tropics: The case of Kisumu County, KenyaRael A. Onyango, Emiel L. Eijdenberg, Enno Masurel and Nelson ObangeChapter 2: Profiling the Tropical EntrepreneurEmiel L. Eijdenberg and Taha ChaiechiChapter 3: Does Institutional Quality Matter for the Nexus between Environmental Quality and Economic Growth? A Tropics PerspectivePengji Wang, Huiping Zhang and Jacob WoodChapter 4: A Bottom of Pyramid perspective on Quality Education in the Tropics Yenee Kim, Malobi Mukherjee and Reetika GuptaChapter 5: Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Tropical Region PerspectivePengji Wang, Huiping Zhang and Jacob WoodChapter 6: An Assessment of Trade Facilitation Impacts on China⁰́₉s Outward Foreign Direct Investment to ASEAN CountriesJie Wu, Jacob Wood and Haejin JangChapter 7: The linkage between international financial integration and income inequality: New evidence on threshold effectsSook-Rei Tan and Wai-Mun ChiaChapter 8: Covid-19: Its impact on Trade and Development in the ASEAN RegionJacob Wood, Haejin Jang and Benedict AtkinsonChapter 9: Trade network and Global Value ChainsAkhmad BayhaqiChapter 10: Big Data Applications in Accounting: Implications for the TropicsVahid Biglari and Zahra PourabedinChapter 11: Financial literacy among Ethiopian high school teenagersYohannes Workeaferahu ElifnehChapter 12: Exploring the literature for Understanding of Multisensory Experiences in Heritage Boutique HotelsZahra Pourabedin and Josephine PryceChapter 13: The Influence of Technology Acceptance Model Aspects on Adoption of Database Marketing Technology by Tour Operators in Tanzania.Omary Swallehe Chapter 14: Analysis of challenges in developing and implementing forest policies in TanzaniaOmary SwalleheChapter 15: Tourism in the Tropics: Emerging Themes and Keyword AnalysisK Thirumaran, Gohar Feroz Khan and Jacob WoodIndex

1. Fostering Africa's Long-Term Sustainable Development, Unveiling the Lessons and Inspirations from Global South's Experience -- 2. The Contribution of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives by Mining Corporations on Sustainable Socio-Economic Development in the Global South -- 3. Demystifying the Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Poverty Reduction from an African Perspective -- 4. Implementation of Green Computing in the Health Care Sector in Zimbabwe -- 5. Poverty Eradication through Gender Empowerment: An Analysis of Zimbabwean Government Policies Achieving Sustainability Development Goals -- 6. Green Practices and Challenges in Zimbabwe -- 7. Towards Nurturing Workforce Mental Health in Tourism and Hospitality Enterprises amidst Climatic Change Implications: An Human Resources Perspective -- 8. Investigating the Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Marketing in the Agricultural Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 9. SDG Practices and Reporting: Lessons from the Top 30ESG JSE Listed Companies -- 10. Influence of Green Transformational Leadership on Green Performance -- 11. Digitalisation and Technology Integration Challenges in Small Tourism Enterprises: A Global Perspective -- 12. The Integration of Block Chain Technology and IOT in Realizing Sustainable Soybean Supply Chain Systems. An Insight into Small Scale Farming in the Agro-Food Industry in Zimbabwe -- 13. Towards Digital Techniques in Reducing Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Zimbabwe: Lessons from India -- 14. Augmented Reality and Consumer Experiences -- 15. Role of Cooperatives in Development Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwean and South African Townships -- 16. Worker Cooperatives as an Entrepreneurial Alternative in the Global South -- 17. Cooperative Entrepreneurship and Rural Poverty Alleviation in Africa.

Purpose
Happiness management is receiving increasing attention in business, and this is reflected in the literature. But any business management option has to be grounded in a true awareness or belief that it will be a suitable and appropriate choice. In this belief the personal values of those who have the power to lead the way to weigh heavily. In this sense, there are personal values that, when used as guidelines in the management of a company, seem to promote the happiness of employees in the work environment. The purpose of this paper is to find the personal values of the entrepreneur. As a secondary objective, the authors also study whether these values are associated with certain entrepreneurs' socio-demographic factors (gender and age).


Design/methodology/approach
The group to be studied is the Spanish business community. An exploratory study is carried out, first, with the definition of value constructs according to Schwartz's personal values model and, second, with a relational analysis, measuring association effects through logistic regression.


Findings
Two higher-order personal values of the entrepreneur are found that seem to contain all the elements that would lead to management styles that would facilitate happiness at work. These values emerge from a dimension model of Schwartz's theory of basic human values. MVP which, however, does not follow its four adjacent/antagonistic dimensions, but is composed of three dimensions adjacent to each other and, therefore, complementary. Moreover, some stereotypes in the literature on the relationships between personal values and certain socio-demographic factors are broken down and their effects on happiness at work are revealed.


Research limitations/implications
One of the limitations of this work is the relatively small sample size. In this sense, it would be useful to check whether the overall results are repeated in larger samples. Another limitation is that this is a portrait of the group at a given time. Given the experimental nature of this type of work, especially in the case of socio-demographic factors, it would be advisable to carry out a follow-up longitudinal analysis with a time horizon. This would allow a more precise investigation of the effects of the variables mentioned above. In addition, a third limitation is that the authors are studying the collective of Spanish entrepreneurs, and in the study of personal values, culture has a determining influence (Schenck, 2016; Boer and Boehnke, 2016; Perozo and Paz, 2016). It would also be worthwhile considering this study by sector: are the values the same for entrepreneurs in different sectors?; or in some specific sectors, for example, are there differences between entrepreneurs with tech businesses versus non-tech businesses or those who make the circular economy or the green economy a guideline for their organizations? Thus, technology companies must be open to change. Openness and innovation are for their entrepreneurs' key values to ensure their performance (Tseng, 2010; Van Auken et al., 2008). However, in these organizations, there is a framework of conflicting values between the required flexibility and the values of power and control that the entrepreneur needs, and wants, to have (Albarracín et al., 2014). On the other hand, personal values determine green self-identity and moderate its relationships with ecological care and the moral obligation of the entrepreneur (Blankenberg and Alhusen, 2019; Barbarossa et al., 2017). Therefore, it could be analysed whether these values are maintained in entrepreneurs in these sectors, influencing, as discussed in this paper, greater happiness in the work context; and whether they are conditioned by gender or age (Fotieva, 2021; Li et al., 2020). It would also be helpful to study the socio-demographic influence further, to analyse the possibility of interaction or confounding effects between socio-demographic variables and some other variables not addressed in this paper. For example, does purchasing power or income level, affect personal values? And do the values that give content to F2, power and control, lead the entrepreneur to a higher level of income level or vice versa? Do other factors play a role? In fact, for Hirigoyen (2008), values such as altruism, benevolence and universalism are considered as obstacles to the development of the company. Subsequently, authors such as Salas-Vallina (2018) and Boubakary (2015) conclude that far from that idea, these axiological elements would lead to more significant business development through the satisfaction and happiness they generate in employees and stimulate their productivity, matching with the conclusions. It would be interesting, as a complement to the approach of this work, to carry out a study on the happiness at work of the entrepreneur's employees, being the group of employees surveyed. Knowing the profile of values of an entrepreneur through the scale proposed in this work, it would be possible to analyse whether this is associated with greater or lesser perceived happiness among his/her employees. As mentioned above, from the methodological point of view, a risk of using the multidimensional scaling modelling for the analysis of personal values is that the respondent reflects more what he/she considers socially desirable than his/her true perception. This bias is one of the main limitations of psychological research. However, the fact that European Statistical Office surveys are guided by experts, both in processing -knowing how to deal with social desirability in personal values research (Danioni and Barni, 2020) – and in data collection, eliminates this limitation.


Practical implications
However, despite the above limitations, this paper makes important contributions. On the one hand, at a theoretical and instrumental level, it shows that the higher-order values graph of Spanish entrepreneurs follows the circumplex essence of the Schwartz value model but does not obey its number of higher-order dimensions. In the case of entrepreneurs, it consists of three elements, three dimensions, adjacent and complementary. None of them contradicts any other. A methodology is created to portray the Spanish entrepreneur in an axiological way and, from this portrait, to reveal his/her tendency towards a leadership style that promotes the happiness of his/her employees, through the importance given to these three factors or dimensions. These dimensions are weighted, in turn, by issues such as gender or age group. For added practical purposes, this information would be beneficial, in the first place, for all those who want to work in and with a particular entrepreneur. The type of leadership or management expected is a factor or reason why a person decides where he/she would like to work (Qing et al., 2020; Lee, 2016). This is not only for the potential employees of that business but also for all those groups or stakeholders, who engage with the company to perform their functions. Individuals make important decisions and choices about their relationships in the work environment based on the alignment of their values with those of the party they want to engage with (Sagiv et al., 2015). On the other hand, it can serve entrepreneurship educators. By knowing the value factors of entrepreneurs, adjusted to the culture of the particular territory, they will be able to pass on this information to their entrepreneurship students (Karimi and Makreet, 2020; Arieli and Tenne-Gazit, 2017) and teach them how they could increase the happiness at work. It also serves to better understand the constructs of management values-employee engagement-workplace happiness in the current environment (Ravina-Ripoll et al., 2020; Salas-Vallina et al., 2017; Wang and Yang, 2016), by introducing the role of personal values on the entrepreneur's governance style into this construct (Figure 1).


Social implications
Finally, this study can also have social implications, making its tiny contribution to the SDGs through the study of personal values that guide the behaviour of the entrepreneur. The decision by international institutions for countries to implement the sustainable development goals (SDGs) (UNSDG 2030 Agenda) as cross-cutting strands of their policies has boosted the idea of addressing happiness at work. Thus, SDG 8 talks about Decent Work. In addition to the priority of improving the conditions of groups living in discriminatory working environments (child labour, poverty, precariousness, etc.), taken to its maximum expression, this objective encompasses much more. Workers spend a large part of their lives at work. At the same time, a business needs its employees to be productive. SDG 8 aims to ensure that people have quality employment, increasing their productivity and consumption potential. On the other hand, SDG 3 is about "Health and Well-being", i.e. ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages. It is also about health and well-being in the work environment. Issues such as interpersonal relationships at work, environment and teams, organizational culture, role in the organization, autonomy at work and fostering innovative spirit, can be factors that, if poorly managed, reduce the feeling or perception of happiness at work, especially in today's digital world (Foncubierta-Rodríguez and Montero-Sánchez, 2019; Leka and Houdmont, 2010; Näswall et al., 2008).


Originality/value
The role of certain higher-order personal values of the entrepreneur is highlighted, which could make him/her tend towards the realization of happiness management practices. Furthermore, through the methodology used, a model of the entrepreneur's higher-order values has been established, which can be used as a tool to generate reasonable expectations about his/her way of governance and to what extent it is close to a framework conducive to happiness management. This information can be beneficial to all those people and groups that establish relationships with the company, from managers and employees to external stakeholders. In this way, it also helps to anticipate the companýs response to corporate social responsibility.

Unemployment is one of the most important problems affecting people in all countries. It affects the functioning of entire economies, industries, and enterprises; it also reduces the level and quality of people's lives. The dynamic changes that are taking place in the labor market are forcing entrepreneurs to adopt a flexible approach to labor market resources – that is, employees – and also to choose appropriate forms of human capital management. This may lead to a reduction in unemployment in the market. Consequently, tackling unemployment is one of the important challenges facing the European Union, especially on its way to achieving sustainable development goals. High levels of unemployment could significantly hamper the achievement of the Agenda 2030 employment targets (SDG8), leading to poverty, social and economic inequality, and social instability. Therefore, the subject of this study is unemployment in EU countries; the main objective is to examine unemployment levels across EU member states. The deliberations and analysis are carried out in the context of the Agenda 2030 Goal 8 (SDG 8) for sustainable development. Taking into account the different degrees of implementation of SDG8 by individual Member States, and thus the different results in this respect, the study finds differences and similarities among the surveyed Member States in terms of types and levels of unemployment. The research is based on Eurostat data for 2022, and uses multidimensional comparative analysis methods such as cluster analysis and linear ordering. A review of selected sources on international and European law focuses on employment policy standards, including the problem of unemployment; this serves as a background for the analyses. The considerations are embedded in the concept of sustainable development, which influences the functioning of entire economies, but also in the processes of enterprise management. Based on the literature and the results of the analyses, it is concluded that levels of unemployment vary greatly in the analyzed countries. The best conditions for availability and accessibility of work are found in the Czech Republic and Malta; the worst are in Spain and Greece, where unemployment is very high.

Purpose
This study aims, from the perspective of the recovery of sustainability, to develop a framework on sustainability and innovation in the formation of engineers in the courses of Engineering in the Brazilian Amazon.


Design/methodology/approach
For this work, a quantitative approach was adopted in the research process. A survey instrument was developed from the main evidence in the literature, the electronic instrument in Google Forms, was sent in the period from November 2022 to February 2023 to engineering students from public institutions in the Brazilian eastern Amazon, who had 80% of the course completed and graduates.


Findings
Of the students and graduates who responded to the survey, 58% are male and 42% female, with an average age of 24 years, 72% who have the 8th semester, 28% graduates. As for the practices, they stand out with the highest average degree of agreement in the innovation aspect formation of partnerships and fostering creativity and innovation; in the sustainability aspect the study of sustainability helps to understand the environmental, social and economic challenges and importance of training for sustainability and innovation; in the sustainable recovery aspect, the interaction between university and local community and new research can contribute to the recovery of sustainability and in the SDGs 6 and 8.


Originality/value
This paper presents the perceptions of engineering students and graduates from the Brazilian Amazon, which is considered one of the most strategic regions for the country and internationally in terms of environmental challenges. The main evidence shows that there is a need to adapt academic curricula, seeking to focus on projects that promote participation and the creation of trends aimed at social problems and the current demands of the society in which they are inserted.

Chapter 1. Urban Improvement, Environmental Pollution and Population Health in the Context of Investment Priorities Working-out for Sustainable Development -- Chapter 2. Basic Approaches to Counterparty's Reliability Assessment Under Implementation of ESG Technologies -- Chapter 3. Corporate Management and Sustainable Development: Case of the Fashion Industry -- Chapter 4. Circular Business Models in Industry -- Chapter 5. Digitalization of the Housing and Utilities Sector as a Factor of Its Sustainable Development -- Chapter 6. Sustainable Development Financing as a Factor Affecting on Operational Efficiency of the Company -- Chapter 7. Features of Financing the Green-digital Way in Russia -- Chapter 8. Innovative Transformations Management in Organizations in the Context of Its Sustainable Development Under Digital Transformation of the Economy -- Chapter 9. International Legal and Economic Aspects of Ensuring Energy and Climate Safety in Modern Conditions -- Chapter 10. Conditions for the Formation of Sustainable Energy in Kazakhstan -- Chapter 11. Agetech Innovations as an Instrument for Older Population Inclusion -- Chapter 12. ESG Concept of Growth in the Outlines of Real and Financial Institutions -- Chapter 13. Non-standard Green Buildings and Smart Houses as Way to Get Additional Financial Resources -- Chapter 14. Product Quality Management Through the Prism of Consumption in Modern Society -- Chapter 15. Regulation of ESG-ecosystem - Context and Content Evolution: Energy Sector Study -- Chapter 16. Ecological and Humanitarian Approach to Assessing the Tourist and Recreational Attractiveness of Cultural Landscapes Drawing on the Example of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Curonian Spit -- Chapter 17. Marketing Communications as a Tool for Sustainable Development for City-forming Organizations -- Chapter 18. Sustainable Development Policy and Environmental Sustainability in the Arctic Territories -- Chapter 19. Principles of Ecological and Economic Management of Innovative Development of Heat Supply -- Chapter 20. Dynamics of Food Security Factors in the Regions of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation -- Chapter 21. ESG Rankings to Confirm the Commitment of Universities to the SDGS -- Chapter 22. Concept of Taking Risk-tolerant Financial Decisions Under Elevated Uncertainty -- Chapter 23. Reflection of the Sustainable Development Goals in Citizen Science Projects -- Chapter 24. Personnel Risks of Media Organizations: An Approach From the Standpoint of the ESG Concept -- Chapter 25. Analysis of the Estimation and Impact Methodology of Tax Evasion for Industrial Entities -- Chapter 26. Selection of Methods for Assessing the Resultativeness of the Company's Adaptation to Market Conditions -- Chapter 27. Institutional Support of ESG-initiatives Implementation for Sustainable Development Transition -- Chapter 28. Eye Tracking as a Research and Training Tool for Ensuring Quality Education -- Chapter 29. Improving the Methodology for Calculating the Index of Growth of Small and Medium-sized Businesses -- Chapter 30. Transformation of Electricity Markets in the Eurasian Economic Union Member States: Problems and Prospects of Liberalization -- Chapter 31. The Contribution of Ecological and Medical Tourism to Sustainable Development Based on the Potential of Radon Water Springs in the Leningrad Region.

Water resources management is high on the agenda both locally and globally because of its important role in social, economic and environmental development. For example, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, all United Nations Member States adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 that covered thematic issues including water, energy, climate, oceans, urbanization, transport, science and technology. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) no.6, which targets universal access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030, is of particular interest in this study. The mining industry contributes to socio-economic development; however, it has also contributed to declining water quality in rivers and lakes in many regions globally. In this study, the status and governance of water resources within the Copperbelt province of Zambia over the period 2000 to 2020 was examined. The study investigated population and economic growth within the region and its correlation with changes in water quality and quantity. The research also focused on understanding the ways copper mining is affecting local water resources. The study also investigated challenges faced by regulators and institutions in the water sector, and considered how these challenges could be addressed. Secondary data was obtained from government institutions within Zambia such as National Water Supply and Sanitation Council (NWASCO), Water Resources Management Authority (WARMA) and Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA), which are the key institutions in the water sector and the environment. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the three key institutions in the water and pollution control sectors. The results showed that the total population in the Copperbelt province has increased by 20% since 2000 to a total of 1 972 317 in 2010. The population is projected to be 2 669 635 in 2020, representing about 27% increase from 2010. The rural population is projected to be 423 511 in 2020, representing about 11% increase from 2010 while the urban population will be 2 246 124 in 2020 representing about 29% increase from 2010. The majority of this growth has occurred in urban areas, which grew by about 30% from 2000 to a total of 1 595 456 in 2010. Rural population has increased by 8% since 2000 to a total of 376 861. The results also showed increased economic activities driven mainly by copper mining. Water abstraction has generally declined since 2000 mainly due to decrease in mining activities. In 2000, about 1 million m3 /day was abstracted in the Copperbelt province and about 600 000 m3 per day in 2005. The reduction in 2005 could be attributed to reduction in mining activities and institutional changes in the water sector. Water production and consumption from commercial utilities has generally been in decline from 2000 to 2017. This is also the case with water consumption per capita and water production per capita. For example, water consumption per capita per day in 2001 was 203 liters and reduced to 113 liters in 2017, representing a 44% reduction in consumption. The results showed that water consumption from 2004 to 2008 averaged 100 million m3 while the production averaged 160 million m3 per year. NWASCO attributed the general downward trend in water production and consumption in the province to maintenance and rehabilitation of water infrastructure, and investment in new infrastructure, thereby reducing the unaccounted-for water. The other reason could be that new housing developments prefer to use groundwater sources rather than utility water (supplied by water companies). The reduction could also be attributed to the cost of water and that consumers needed to adjust from the background where utility services such as water supply and sanitation were the sole responsibilities of the mines (ZCCM), prior to privatization. In terms of water supply and sanitation coverage, there has been an increased coverage since 2000. In 2001, the population that had access to water supply and sanitation was 81% and 46%, respectively. Therefore, roughly 50% of the population had no access to sanitation. However, in 2017 the population with access to water supply and sanitation was 91% and 75%, respectively. This represented only 25% of the population in serviced areas that had no access to sanitation. Between 2007 and 2008, the sanitation coverage had seen a reduction compared to the year 2006. This was due to institutional changes on the Copperbelt province, and the 2008 economic recession – the mine townships that were previously serviced by an asset holding after privatization of the mines were taken over by other utility companies. Consequently, the service delivery in the province initially dropped, but then started increasing again in 2009.

Chapter 1: Introduction: Theorising Development in Post-Independence Africa -- PART ONE Chapter 2: Unearthing the Nexus Between Development Theories and Underdevelopment in the Post-Independence Africa -- Chapter 3: Post-Independence Sustainable Development in Africa and Policy Proposals to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals -- Chapter 4: Decolonisation of Development in Early Post-Independence Africa -- Chapter 5: Navigating A Tight Rope Between African Philosophy and Economics: Will the African Union Sustain the Spirit of Ujamaa in The Advent of Covid-19?-PART TWO Chapter 6: Impact of Regional Trade Agreements on Economic Growth: An Econometric Analysis -- Chapter 7: Livelihoods Activities in Post-independent Africa: A Closer look at the Impact of 'chikorokoza' illegal Mining on the Education System in Zimbabwe -- Chapter 8: Institutional Capacity Challenges for Policy Research Analysis (PRA) In Zimbabwe: A Comparative Study of State and Non-State Policy Institutions -- PART THREE Chapter 9: Development-Induced Displacement: A Call for Ethical Considerations in Africa -- Chapter 10: Health and healthcare delivery in Zimbabwe: Past and Present -- Chapter 11: Contested Landscapes: Politics of Space and Belonging in Land-Use Planning in Bvumba Forest Along Zimbabwe-Mozambican Border -- Chapter 12: Post-Independence Reforms and Policies in Zimbabwe -- Chapter 13: Tourism Receipts, Education, and Income Inequality in Selected South Africa Provinces -- Chapter 14: Dam Projects, Modernity and Forced Displacement: An analysis of the role of Local Institutions in Surviving Marginalization Among the Tokwe Mukosi Displacees in Zimbabwe -- PART FOUR Chapter 15: Public Spending and Private Sector Investment in Nigeria: An investigation of the Crowding-in (or-out) Effect amidst Deteriorating Fiscal Balance -- Chapter 16: The Impact of Millennium and Sustainable Development Goals on Women Leaders Within South African Schools -- Chapter 17: Implications of Sino-Africa Partnerships for Peasant Natural Resource Access, Ownership, and Utilisation in Africa -- Chapter 18: A South African Perspective on Solidification of Auditor's Competence in the Areas of Testing for the Presence of Fraud and Corruption -- Chapter 19: Post-Covid19 in South Africa-The Pandemic and Public Finances Towards Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals -- Chapter 20: The politicisation of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe and Implications on the Attainment of the SDGs -- PART FIVE Chapter 21: Conclusion: Towards Development in Post-Independence Africa.

Chapter 1. Ten Guidelines for Phycosecurity Implemented as Biosecure Ecosystem Services Management of Tropical Seaweed Farms -- Chapter 2. Diversity of Eucheumatoids in the Philippines -- Chapter 3. The Role of Molecular Marker Technology in Advancing Eucheumatoid Research -- Chapter 4. Reproductive Biology and Novel Cultivar Development of the Eucheumatoid Kappaphycus alvarezii -- Chapter 5. A Review of the Use of Spores for the Supply of High Quality Kappaphycus alvarezii Seedlings -- Chapter 6. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Prototype for Micropropagation of Kappaphycus alvarezii and Its Application -- Chapter 7. The Importance of the Biosecurity Concept for a Resilient Eucheumatoid Aquaculture Industry -- Chapter 8. The Bio Economic Seaweed Model (BESeM) for Modelling Kappaphycus Cultivation in Indonesia -- Chapter 9. Cultivation and Domestication of Kappaphycus Alvarezii Strains at Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil -- Chapter 10. Kappaphycusalvarezii Farming in Brazil: A Brief Summary and Current Trends -- Chapter 11. Developing Cultivation Systems and Better Management Practices for Caribbean Tropical Seaweeds in US Waters -- Chapter 12. Diverse Seaweed Farming Livelihoods in Two Indonesian Villages -- Chapter 13. Commercial Farming of Kappaphycus alvarezii in Sri Lanka: Current Developments and Opportunity for Becoming a Major Carrageenophyte Producer -- Chapter 14. Eucheumatoid Farming in India: Current Status and Way Forward for Sustainable Production -- Chapter 15. Boutique-type Cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) L.M. Liao in the Subtropical Waters of Tosa Bay, Shikoku, Japan -- Chapter 16. Status and Trends of Eucheumatoid and Carrageenan Production in China -- Chapter 17. Opportunities for Strengthening the Indonesian Seaweed Penta-Helix Through Collaboration -- Chapter 18. Seaweed Production in Kenya Amid Environmental, Market and COVID-19 Pandemic Challenges -- Chapter 19. Integration of Precision Technology into Adaptive Phyconomy Systems for Extensive Tropical Red Seaweed Farming -- Chapter 20. Seaweed Health Problems: Major Limiting Factors Affecting the Sustainability of the Seaweed Aquaculture Industry in the Philippines -- Chapter 21. Anti-Microbial and Growth-Promoting Properties of Cultured Seaweeds Confer Resistance and Attraction to Ice-Ice Disease-Causing Bacteria: A Proposed Seaweed-Bacteria Pathosystem Model -- Chapter 22. Novel Methods for Protecting Kappaphycus alvarezii from Herbivores: An Overview of Development and Economic Prospects -- Chapter 23. A Phyconomic Game-Changer: Extracts of Selected Brown Seaweeds as Phyco(bio)Stimulants for Eucheumatoids -- Chapter 24. Stakeholders' Perspectives and Gender Relations as Indicators of Knowledge Systems: Empirical Evidence from the Philippine Seaweed Industry -- Chapter 25. Understanding the Organism: Insights from Chondrus crispus (Rhodophyta) for the Tropical Carrageen Seaweed Industry -- Chapter 26. The Center of Excellence for Development and Utilization of Seaweeds, Hasanuddin University (CEDUS-UNHAS) – Collaborating on Research and Outreach for the SDGs.