Suchergebnisse

Subak as a part of Balinese culture is a social organization that has the potential to improve the welfare of the community through its main activities in regulating the use of water for irrigation of rice fields, so it needs to be recognized and respected its existence along with its traditional rights. To maintain the existence of Subak, the Government Provincial of Bali through its authority in the era of autonomy to form a local regulation that specificially regulates the Subak, which is contained in local regulations Number 9 of 2012. Interesting to be studied Subak as an institution based on Pancasila, Indonesian Constitution, concept of tri hita karana, and imbued Hindusm. Then, in term of legal theory, Subak arrangement pertained in the implementation of legal pluralism theory into the local regulations in Bali, Thus the study needs to be done, 1) What is principles of legal pluralism contained in the local regulations on Subak, and 2) Why local regulations on Subak need to be framed in the politics of legal pluralism. The theory used to dissect the theory of legal pluralism and the theory of recht state, using normative research methods, with the statute, conceptual, analytical, and philosophy approach.

International audience ; The Kedungsepur National Strategic Area was formed to realize urban areas as the center of national and international economic activities. In order to realize this goal, government expenditure and economic growth are important variables in the development process. Empirically, the study was conducted to analyze the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth from the perspective of Wagner's Law in 6 regencies or cities in the Kedungsepur National Strategic Area during 2012 to 2017. Methodically, this study used Panel Granger Causality and Panel Data Regression to explain the short-term relationship between both variables. The results showed that there was a negative one-way relationship from economic growth to government expenditure. The increase in economic growth in the previous year would reduce the government expenditure in the short term, resulting the Wegner's Law inapplicable in the Kedungsepur National Strategic Area. This was due to the ineffectiveness of institutions, differences in regional expenditure structures towards state expenditures and the lack of government work programs in the productive sector. Thus, a good and coordinative institutional environment was needed to realize the cooperation in crucial sectors, as well as the distribution of regional expenditures on more productive expenditures based on priority interests, aiming at the welfare of the community.

Ensuring energy security is one of the priority objectives on the Ukrainian-Romanian-Moldovan dimension. Undeniable is the fact that the energy situation în these three countries differs considerably. But the need for cooperation is evident and caused by our countries' aspirations for sustainable development, economic growth and the welfare of the population în the region.
The Republic of Moldova is a net importer of energy, the natural gas purchased from a unique source representing the major fuel source. Much of the country's electricity consumption is covered by imports from Ukraine.
The bilateral relations of cooperation between Romania and Moldova în the energy sector refer în particular to the practical realization of the interconnection investment projects în the natural gas segment through the second phase of the Iasi-Ungheni gas pipeline to Chisinau, as well as on the electricity segment.
Achieving projects to connect to the EU energy system would create an efficient energy security network for all states în the area and favorable conditions for the multifunctional development of the economy of all countries în the region.
Keywords: trilateral relationships, energy sector, donor, energy consumer

AbstractChina's healthcare system is governed by institutions that are mutually incompatible. Although healthcare providers are supposed to offer affordable curative care services and engage in public health and administrative work, they receive insufficient financial support from the state and rely on generating informal profits and grey income. The "institutional misfit" between this public welfare mandate and medical service providers' market orientation is particularly pronounced in the case of township health centres (THCs), a generalist type of healthcare provider with a key role in China's healthcare system. Based on fieldwork in four county-level jurisdictions, this study explores how local governments and THCs interact to cope with institutional misfit. It sheds light on a large variety of informal practices pertaining to human resources, healthcare services, drug procurement, health insurance and capital investment. Local governments deliberately neglect regulatory enforcement and collude with THCs to generate informal profits, behaviour which undermines service quality and increases healthcare costs. The study also shows that while the New Healthcare Reform altered the informal and collusive practices, it has failed to harmonize the underlying institutional misfit. To date, we see only a reconfiguration rather than an abandoning of informal practices resulting from recent healthcare reforms.

Public policy scholars argue that in highly tangible policies, such as tobacco control, the public learns from the direct experience of the beneficial effects of the policy. Empirical evidence supports this argument, suggesting that in the United States the introduction of tobacco control measures makes people more inclined to further regulation. By relying on a set of cases which allows testing the effects of the introduction of tobacco control measures across European countries on a series of relevant variables, this study confirms that the introduction of tobacco control measures makes the public more inclined to further regulation. Yet, when the effects of these policies are disaggregated between smokers and nonsmokers, results show that these positive effects are driven by smokers. This puzzle suggests that different effects than mass attitudinal policy feedback effects, driven by learning from direct experience, might explain the positive reaction to tobacco control. This study puts forward a behavioral theory of policy feedback, which suggests that smokers react positively to the introduction of tobacco control measures because they see these measures as commitment devices, which can help them quit smoking. Evidence for this argument is found by demonstrating that the introduction of tobacco control measures increases smokers' welfare.

From its inception as a unique discipline, the broad field of psychology has made substantial advances and has contributed to innovative practices in the care of individuals presenting with mental distress within Western Euro-American societies and cultures. The aim of this brief article is to provide a constructive critical analysis of the key limitations, knowledge shortfalls, ineffective assessment approaches and treatment modalities of "mainstream" psychology in addressing the psychological needs of children affiliating with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture in Australian out-of-home care. This article selectively draws from an in-depth analysis of the research literature and argues that in its current state, psychology without consideration of Indigenous culture has failed to satisfactorily improve psychological services and outcomes for these children and their families; in other words, psychology without culture is almost dead. This brief article raises various questions for future psychological research within this field and proposes feasible alternatives to these complex issues, supported by successful examples from the child abuse and neglect domain within the child welfare systems in Australia. It concludes with key recommendations for future appropriate inclusive psychological research, with the ultimate goal of strengthening culturally endorsed "healing" practices, service delivery and policies.

In 2016, the World Health Organization, through the Global Cooperation on Assistive Technology Initiative, issued the Priority Assistive Products List which is meant to be a guide to member states of the 50 assistive products needed for a basic health care and/or social welfare system; it is also a model from which nations can develop their national priority assistive products lists. The aim of this opinion paper is to share my views about the Priority Assistive Products List on the grounds that it makes no distinct mention of sexual assistive devices, yet research has indicated that sexuality is an area of great concern for persons with disabilities. In any case, sexuality forms a core part of being human, and it impacts on both the physical and mental well-being of all human beings. I conclude in part that, in its present format, the list perpetuates the myth that persons with disabilities are asexual beings who are innocent of sexual thoughts, feelings and experiences. The list also propagates the stereotype that sexuality is a sacred, private, bedroom matter that should be kept out of the public domain, to the detriment of the health and well-being of persons with disabilities.

We consider a country whose government provides a bundle of goods and services through a multi-tier administrative organization. We compare the optimal architectures of public governance (i.e. the division of the state into several tiers, the distribution of services among them, their number of jurisdictions and the performance ability of their administrations) of two governments, one centralized and the other decentralized. Under a decentralized government, national and subnational decision-makers only consider the impact of their decisions on the welfare of their constituents, neglecting other tiers' policy. The resulting architecture is generally different from the (first-best) centralized one, and depends on how citizens weight the performance ability of the administrations and the range of goods they provide. If the relative weight on the performance ability is large, the decentralized architecture entails more tiers, less jurisdictions per tier with reduced scope of services than the centralized one, and the reverse if this relative weight is small. We use our results to estimate this weight on U.S. data. We find that the country exhibits two zones ("Northeast & West" and "Midwest & South") where the estimated values are statistically different.

The purpose of this research is to know and understand the regulation of mineral and coal mining business implementation conducted by foreign investors before the birth of Rule Number 1 Year 2017 and to know and understand the implication of the birth of Regulation No. 1 of 2017 is hurt with the aim of the state. In this research, to reach the objective, normative research method with regulatory approach is applied by reviewing the laws and regulations related to research and case approach related to the divestment of mining business by foreign investors. The conclusion yields two conclusions. The first conclusion is the regulation of the implementation of mineral and coal business activities prior to the issuance of Government Regulation No. 1 of 2017 is regulated in several laws and regulations which have two weak points. The first concerns the regulation of inconsistent divestment shares and both mechanisms of work contracts that are detrimental to the Government of Indonesia. the second conclusion, the issuance of Government Regulation No. 1 of 2017 confirms the number of divestment shares and changes in working contract patterns to mining business permits maximizing the realization of welfare for all Indonesian people.

Abstract: The realization of village funds is a follow-up to the government's program of building Indonesiafrom the periphery by strengthening the regions and villages within the framework of the Unitary State of theRepublic of Indonesia aimed at improving the welfare and equity of development through improving publicservices, promoting the economy, overcoming the inter-village development gap and strengthening thecommunity as subject of development. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of effectiveness ofvillage fund management in Kalinaun Village, East Likupang District, North Minahasa District. This researchis a descriptive research with qualitative approach. Technique of collecting data in this research is usingobservation method that is direct observation to research location and do interview and documentation. Thefocus of research is the achievement of goals, integration and adaptation. Based on the results of the research,the effectiveness of the management of village funds in Kalinaun Village, East Likupang District, NorthMinahasa Regency, can not be said to be effective because the development done by the government still findssome problems and the development is not done evenly, making social jealousy among the community. TheKalinaun Village Government is also inconsistent with what it deliberates so that people are reluctant to worktogether.Keywords: Effectiveness of Village Fund Management.

Abdurrahman Wahid was one of the pioneers realization of Islamic ethical values, although it was believed to be counter-productive. He has transformative thinking in interpreting Islamic teachings especially promoting Islamic social ethics. There are three main driving factors dominating minorities; misunderstanding of Indonesia which is a democratic country, the essence of the values ??of Islamic teachings, and not yet understanding the importance of awareness of grounding Islamic ethics that is transformed into the social realm. Form of minority domination in Indonesia, among others; violence experienced by minority groups in Sampang who are Syi'ah who are considered to damage the majority of Islamic teachings, and others. There are three strategies to ground Islamic ethics in order to overcome the problems of minorities in Indonesia; transformation of Islamic ethical values ??in the social domain; the implementation of Islamic ethical values ??in overcoming the problems of minority groups, the value of love for peace, the value of upholding justice, the value of equality of human position in the eyes of law and the state, and the value of social care, and the orientation of the development of Islamic ethics must be directed towards the welfare of the people.

Basic income is likely to gain momentum as the next social welfare trend to sweep over the world with ideas of how to improve the fairness and efficiency of distributing money. Other earlier movements with similar ambitions to transform societies, ranging across the political spectrum from socialism to neo-liberalism, have led to very different consequences for strata of citizens, but have in common that they have de-prioritised gender equality in favour of other interests. Advocates of basic income suggest that in addition to pragmatic gains, such as a more efficient state administration, primarily a basic income will empower citizens, leading to the potential for greater human flourishing. Our question is whether this empowerment will be gendered and if so, how? So far, the basic income debate addresses gender only in so far as it would raise the income of the poorest, of whom a larger proportion are women. However, it is less clear how it might contribute to a transformation of gendered behaviour, making possible divergent shapes of life where binary and set notions of gender are not a restriction. We discuss the idea of basic income from a perspective of gender equality in the Swedish context.

For many British commentators, especially on the social democratic left, mid-century New Zealand, or at least its 'settler' population, was a society with much to admire – particularly in the field of social policy. British Labour Party leaders looked enviously at, for example, the Dominion's 1938 Social Security Act, legislation which significantly added to the provision of state-backed health care and social security for New Zealanders. This was seen as building on earlier reforms which had established New Zealand's reputation as a 'social laboratory', a key component of the Dominion's sense of identity. In addition, the very fact of its Commonwealth membership made the potential transfer of its practices to the 'motherland' all the more viable. New Zealand was thus a key participant in the transnational exchange of ideas about social welfare which characterized the era. But after the Second World War doubts began to spread, both inside and outside of New Zealand. These were focused on, for instance, a purportedly ossified political system and concerns over the absence of a broadly-based intellectual culture. From being a 'social laboratory' which could be fruitfully emulated, New Zealand became an example of a society in which a lack of vision and foresight could prove highly problematic.

This research is conducted to describe the impact of the issuance of Government Regulation Number 11 of 2010 on the Control and Utilization of Abandoned Land that serves as an important part of the agrarian reform agenda. It is relevant to the solution to counteract and eradicate the crisis of poverty by providing land and other facilities necessary for production so that people are able to work more productively and live a prosperous life. Essentially, it involves the whole process of restructuring the tenure, ownership, use, and utilization of land in order to achieve social welfare and justice. This research applies normative legal methods to conduct a literary review because of the characteristics and traditions of law. The approaches used in legal research are the statute approach, the case approach, and the conceptual approach. The results of the research show that agrarian reform needs to be included in the nation's agenda and the basic strategy of the country to build a just political, economic and social structure. This is the relevance of placing all references, understanding, scope, and usefulness of the management of "the abandoned land which later becomes the state property" in realizing the true agrarian reform.

The Nordic welfare model is based upon the democratic value of the equal rights of all citizens to live a dignified life. In 1991, a decisive reform in Norway transferred the responsibility for people with learning disabilities from central state and county governments to the local municipality where they were born. The intention was to give them the same rights and obligations as other citizens, and the large segregated residential institutions, the asylums, were closed down. In this article we will share our experiences from working within Teater nonSTOP, a political theatre employing fifteen professional actors with learning disabilities. The theatre is now owned by the local municipality, following a three-year trial period during which we worked as project leaders responsible for conducting research and documenting the activities at the theatre. In this article we draw on the theories of Pierre Bourdieu and Jacques Rancière in a discussion of the ways in which the struggle for equality affects the subjectification process of the actors at Teater nonSTOP. With reference to three different performances we ask the questions: in what way was equality an issue, and what were the artistic consequences of choosing equality as a dramaturgical point of departure?