Suchergebnisse

We set out a framework for measuring the adequacy of saving in the United Kingdom by assessing the absolute level of savings based on individual preferences of different ages. We examine this relationship between age and savings using data from the Expenditure and Food Survey 2004–5. We show that, while the level of national saving is about 8.4 percentage points of net national income lower than is required if one assumes that each cohort pays its own way, wealth holdings are considerably higher than are required on the same basis. Looking at household, rather than national saving, the current pattern of benefits on public sector pensions removes the need to save for old age. While perhaps £4000m of household wealth holding can be accounted for by bequest and other transfer motives, our results suggest excess wealth holding of around £1600m in 2004.

An examination of the opinions of black Americans (N = 675 in 1982-1984, 728 in 1986/87) for evidence of a political gender gap, ie, male-female differences in political party identification & vote choice as well as in opinions on policy issues. Gender gap exists among white Americans & in several other Western democracies. In the US it is primarily manifested in a greater propensity of women to identify themselves as & vote for Democrats, & to espouse more liberal views on a variety of social & political issues. Here, results do not support the existence of a black gender gap. It is suggested that the struggle for racial equality has masked gender-based differentiation in blacks' political attitudes. 2 Tables, 38 References. Modified HA