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The research objective was to determine the community's knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 with a systematic review approach. The research method used the protocol preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). The research variables were sociodemographic, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors to prevent COVID 19. The search process for articles was accessed on three electronic journal databases. The article inclusion criteria are quantitative research, primary data, and year of publication (January-July 2020), in English, open access; have gone through the peer review stage, and full-text articles. A descriptive analysis was carried out on each research variable. The results showed ten articles that fit the inclusion criteria, consisting of 100% sociodemographic variables, 90% knowledge, 90% attitude, and 80% behavior. The number of articles with significant research results on knowledge variables (covering aspects of disease recognition, modes of transmission, general symptoms, and methods of prevention) was 61.11% of articles. The number of significant articles on attitude variables (including self-isolation, use of masks, social distancing, COVID-19, and government) was 35.54%. The number of substantial articles on the variable of preventive behavior (including handwashing, social distancing, hand sanitizers, use of masks, and self-isolation) was 45%.

The trade relationship between small-scale growers and processing companies often plays an important role in determining the nature and extent of benefi ts derived from commercial forestry, and the distribution of these benefi ts. Many strategies are used by individual small-scale growers, village communities, companies and government agencies to form partnerships to undertake commercial forestry – including outgrower schemes, land leasing by companies, and using intermediary brokers between small-scale growers and processors. This article reports on the key fi ndings of a three-year research project that explored different business partnerships used in commercial forestry in Australia and Indonesia, and identifi ed the critical factors for benefi cial and enduring partnerships. The key lessons from this research are that, for many small-scale growers to form successful partnerships with other investors, they need: increased knowledge of the operations and components of commercial forestry; improved access to competitive markets; increased knowledge of the dynamics of forest product markets; improved capacity of local farmer forest groups to share experiences and information, and build their knowledge of commercial forestry; and reduced administrative and fi nancial burden imposed by government on small-scale forestry operations

The research objective was to determine the community's knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 with a systematic review approach. The research method used the protocol preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). The research variables were sociodemographic, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors to prevent COVID 19. The search process for articles was accessed on three electronic journal databases. The article inclusion criteria are quantitative research, primary data, and year of publication (January-July 2020), in English, open access; have gone through the peer review stage, and full-text articles. A descriptive analysis was carried out on each research variable. The results showed ten articles that fit the inclusion criteria, consisting of 100% sociodemographic variables, 90% knowledge, 90% attitude, and 80% behavior. The number of articles with significant research results on knowledge variables (covering aspects of disease recognition, modes of transmission, general symptoms, and methods of prevention) was 61.11% of articles. The number of significant articles on attitude variables (including self-isolation, use of masks, social distancing, COVID-19, and government) was 35.54%. The number of substantial articles on the variable of preventive behavior (including handwashing, social distancing, hand sanitizers, use of masks, and self-isolation) was 45%.

Bencana merupakan serangkaian peristiwa yang dapat mengancam dan mengganggu kehidupan masyarakat yang disebabkan oleh faktor alam, non alam, dan sosial yang bisa mengakibatkan adanya korban jiwa manusia, kerugian harta benda, kerusakan lingkungan, serta dampak terhadap psikologis, salah satunya adalah bencana banjir. Bencana Banjir hampir terjadi di seluruh wilayah yang ada di Indonesia, salah satunya di wilayah Gorontalo bagian Utara tepatnya di Desa Biau Kecamatan Biau. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu kegiatan pengabdian untuk memberdayakan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh Tim PPK Ormawa EDN bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana yang berbasis kelompok masyarakat yang partisipatif dengan harapan agar masyarakat dapat mempersiapkan dirinya dalam menghadapi bencana melalui bekal pengetahuan dan pelatihan skil yang didapatkan dari berbagai program yang telah dilaksanakan. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan beberapa kegiatan tersebut melalui FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Selain itu, ada beberapa metode yang digunakan yakni melalui metode ceramah, diskusi, demonstrasi, latihan praktik serta kerja lapangan. Manfaat yang didapatkan dari pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah meningkatnya kapasitas masyarakat dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir secara mandiri yang dapat dilakukan oleh masyarakat desa. Dampak dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatnya kemauan dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir di desa Biau kecamatan Biau

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the world since December 2019. Malaysia was not spared from this unprecedented crisis. The Malaysian government had declared Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) in breaking the chain of COVID-19 transmissions in red zone areas in Hulu Langat, Selangor. For the EMCO, Hulu Langat District Health Office (PKDHL) had been responsible to provide the public health responses and measures in the area under the purview of Selangor State Health Department. The Hulu Langat District Health Officer who is a public health specialist led the taskforce for the planning, monitoring and implementing the public health activities while providing the medical services to the people. In this study, we aimed to identify the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Kampung Sungai Lui, Hulu Langat and the role of EMCO as a chain breaker for COVID-19. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was done from March 30, 2020, until May 5, 2020, in the EMCO area in Kampung Sungai Lui, Hulu Langat. This study site was purposely selected due to a sudden surge of positive cases in the area that requires fast and critical public health measures. We collected primary data through Active Case Detection (ACD) and Passive Case Detection (PCD) and the 1,989 population was screened. The epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations were analysed using Microsoft Excel 2018 Software. Results [Refer to Poster]. Conclusion A responsive public health measures with comprehensive early detection and adherence of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) play a pivotal role in breaking the transmission chain of fast-spreading COVID-19 clusters. Epidemiological characterisation of COVID-19 confirmed cases, provides the basis in the development of effective control strategies.

The acid ionization constants (pKa) of the N-benzoylthiourea / 2-thiohydantoin-pyrrolidines were determined by the potentiometric titration method. Titrations were performed by adding sodium chloride, which gives ionic strength, and hydrochloric acid, which is required for the protonation of the ionizable groups, to 2x10-4 M solutions of the synthesized compounds prepared in an acetonitrile-water (20:80, v / v) solvent system at 25 ± 0.1 °C and sodium hydroxide was used as a titrant. The HYPERQUAD computer program was utilized to determine acid ionization constants based on the data obtained from the Molspin Titration System. Analyzing the obtained results, it is possible to propose three pKa (pKa1, pKa2, and pKa3) values that correspond to the enol, thiol, and NH species for N-benzoylthiourea derivatives in the range of 3.02-10.91 and carboxyl, enol and enthiol species for thiohydantoin derivatives in the range of 2.13-10.96.

Background Surgery is the main modality of cure for solid cancers and was prioritised to continue during COVID-19 outbreaks. This study aimed to identify immediate areas for system strengthening by comparing the delivery of elective cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in periods of lockdown versus light restriction. Methods This international, prospective, cohort study enrolled 20 006 adult (≥18 years) patients from 466 hospitals in 61 countries with 15 cancer types, who had a decision for curative surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic and were followed up until the point of surgery or cessation of follow-up (Aug 31, 2020). Average national Oxford COVID-19 Stringency Index scores were calculated to define the government response to COVID-19 for each patient for the period they awaited surgery, and classified into light restrictions (index 60). The primary outcome was the non-operation rate (defined as the proportion of patients who did not undergo planned surgery). Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to explore the associations between lockdowns and non-operation. Intervals from diagnosis to surgery were compared across COVID-19 government response index groups. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04384926. Findings Of eligible patients awaiting surgery, 2003 (10·0%) of 20 006 did not receive surgery after a median follow-up of 23 weeks (IQR 16–30), all of whom had a COVID-19-related reason given for non-operation. Light restrictions were associated with a 0·6% non-operation rate (26 of 4521), moderate lockdowns with a 5·5% rate (201 of 3646; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0·81, 95% CI 0·77–0·84; p<0·0001), and full lockdowns with a 15·0% rate (1775 of 11 827; HR 0·51, 0·50–0·53; p<0·0001). In sensitivity analyses, including adjustment for SARS-CoV-2 case notification rates, moderate lockdowns (HR 0·84, 95% CI 0·80–0·88; p<0·001), and full lockdowns (0·57, 0·54–0·60; p<0·001), remained independently associated with non-operation. Surgery beyond 12 weeks from diagnosis in patients without neoadjuvant therapy increased during lockdowns (374 [9·1%] of 4521 in light restrictions, 317 [10·4%] of 3646 in moderate lockdowns, 2001 [23·8%] of 11 827 in full lockdowns), although there were no differences in resectability rates observed with longer delays. Interpretation Cancer surgery systems worldwide were fragile to lockdowns, with one in seven patients who were in regions with full lockdowns not undergoing planned surgery and experiencing longer preoperative delays. Although short-term oncological outcomes were not compromised in those selected for surgery, delays and non-operations might lead to long-term reductions in survival. During current and future periods of societal restriction, the resilience of elective surgery systems requires strengthening, which might include protected elective surgical pathways and long-term investment in surge capacity for acute care during public health emergencies to protect elective staff and services. Funding National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit, Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, Medtronic, Sarcoma UK, The Urology Foundation, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research.