Suchergebnisse

Klocek reviews 'Human Rights, Virtue, and the Common Good: Untimely Meditations on Religion and Politics' by Ernst L. Fortin and edited by Brian Benestad.

The essay examines the narratives Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) promulgated to explain its role in the mass killings of Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) members in 1965�66. Drawing on interviews and documents, the authors describe the history of antagonism between the NU and PKI and the role NU members played in the killings. It also shows how the organization perceived and articulated Indonesian communists as a threat to the Muslim community and to Islam itself. In the second half of the article, the authors reflect on how the NU and individuals within the NU have dealt with the legacy of 1965 over the last ten years.

The essay examines the narratives Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) promulgated to explain its role in the mass killings of Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) members in 1965�66. Drawing on interviews and documents, the authors describe the history of antagonism between the NU and PKI and the role NU members played in the killings. It also shows how the organization perceived and articulated Indonesian communists as a threat to the Muslim community and to Islam itself. In the second half of the article, the authors reflect on how the NU and individuals within the NU have dealt with the legacy of 1965 over the last ten years.

This book provides a novel approach to the history of medieval Anatolia by analysing political, religious and cultural developments in the region of Kastamonu during the reign of the Chobanid dynasty (c. 1211–1309). During the 13th century, the Chobanids consolidated a local dynasty in western Anatolia – a borderland between Islam and Christianity – becoming cultural actors patronising the production of religious, scientific and administrative works in the Persian language. These works, though surviving today in manuscript form, have received little attention in modern historiography. The book therefore attends to this gap in the research, incorporating a detailed study of texts by little-known authors from the time. The book explores the relationship between Islam and the Chobanid dynasty in the context of the wider process of Islamisation in medieval Anatolia, hypothesising that Turkmen dynasties played a fundamental role in this process of Islamisation and acculturation. The Chobanids of Kastamonu, then, offers an in-depth study of a Turkmen local dynasty that achieved political autonomy, financial independence and cultural patronage in medieval Anatolia vis-à-vis the main political powers of the time. Attentive to religious diversity, state formation and processes of transculturation in medieval Anatolia, the book is key reading for scholars of Middle Eastern history and Islamic studies.

Auch wenn die von A. Lijphart eingeführte Typisierung europäischer Demokratien - Konkordanz-, Konsens-, und Mehrheitsdemokratie - auf Israel nicht eins zu eins anwendbar ist, ist diese Begrifflichkeit dennoch am besten geeignet, um das dynamische Zusammenspiel zwischen den dominanten politischen Subkulturen in Israel zu analysieren und sowohl die Bewältigung religiöser Konflikte wie auch den Erfolg und die Stabilität des politischen Systems zu erklären. Vor und kurz nach der Staatsgründung herrschte das Konkordanzprinzip vor, es wurde im Zuge der politischen Institutionalisierung durch Konsenspolitik abgelöst, und seit 1967 setzen sich immer stärker Züge einer Mehrheitsdemokratie durch. Der Beitrag zeichnet diese Entwicklung unter Fokussierung auf die Rolle der Parteien und des Parteiensystems nach. (DÜI-Hns)