Suchergebnisse

The philosophical, political, and legal impact of Catharine MacKinnon's groundbreaking work Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (1989) is discussed, specifically the merging of consciousness-raising of subordinated groups with critically informed scholarship, producing a problem-driven approach engaging in informed policy-making. As a comprehensive political theory of the relationship between male dominance and the state, one of Toward's central features was to draw from consciousness-raising as a feminist research method to further ground its approach to equality, particularly in its prescription for substantive equality laws. The article illustrates how such central concepts have influenced real changes in the world, specifically using legal challenges to pornography and prostitution as examples. Parts I and II demonstrates how Toward departed from conventional epistemologies, in part explaining its revolutionary appeal to students, practitioners, and scholars. Part III continues the analysis by using real world applications of its approach to pornography and prostitution, beginning with the anti-pornography civil rights ordinances drafted by Catharine A. MacKinnon and writer Andrea Dworkin in 1983, six years before the publication of Toward. Part III illustrates how the ordinances mobilized MacKinnon's same cutting-edge approach to advancing women's legal substantive equality about which she later theorized. A similar approach was instrumental in grounding a substantive equality prostitution law, proposed by MacKinnon in a public speech in Stockholm, Sweden, November 2, 1990, situating that law within her broader approach to equality. The Swedish national umbrella organization for women's shelters, ROKS, lobbied for the law and rallied other actors to support it, precipitating its passing in Parliament in 1998, with the law taking effect in 1999. Similar laws have now been adopted by many more countries (attesting to MacKinnon's extraordinary influence as a legal and social theorist), although not until ten years or more after Sweden's law, which makes Sweden's unique data availability a "revelatory case." Part III concludes by analyzing its comparative impact in terms of reducing sexual exploitation and abuse and offering an exit for people in prostitution, thus promoting substantive equality.

En este artículo exploro las condiciones de posibilidad de conversaciones entre el Frente POLISARIO y el Reino de Marruecos en busca de un acuerdo de paz, en el marco del conflicto del Sahara Occidental. Tras la retirada unilateral española en 1975 el territorio fue ocupado militarmente por Marruecos y Mauritania provocando una guerra que se extendió hasta 1991. Desde el alto el fuego las Naciones Unidas han sido el marco donde se ha desarrollado la gestión del conflicto, siempre en la tensión entre el Derecho internacional (en el que se sustenta la posición del pueblo saharaui) y la aceptación de una realpolitik que argumenta la necesidad de mantener la estabilidad y la seguridad de la región. Esta postura ha posibilitado la persistencia de la ocupación marroquí del SO. El plan de Arreglo de 1991 contemplaba la realización de un referéndum, que aún hoy no se ha realizado, donde el pueblo saharaui se pronunciara sobre su integración dentro de Marruecos o constituir un país independiente. Desde 2007 la Comunidad internacional llama a conversar a las partes y resolver este conflicto por vía pacífica y sin que haya perdedores. ¿Es esto posible?, ¿en qué condiciones sería esto posible? ; Under the conflict of Western Sahara, in this paper I explore the conditions of possibility of talks between the POLISARIO Front and Morocco in search of a peace agreement. Since the 1991 ceasefire, the United Nations is the framework where conflict management is developed, in tension between international law (in which the position of the Sahrawi people is based) and the acceptance of a realpolitik that argues the need to maintain stability and security in the region. This position has allowed the persistence of the Moroccan occupation of SO. The 1991 Settlement Plan envisages the realization of a referéndum, which still has not been done, where the Sahrawi people to pronounce on its integration with Morocco or form an independent country. The International Community, since 2007, encourage the parties to talk and resolve this conflict peacefully and without any losers. Is this possible? what conditions would this be possible?

This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary qualitative study concerning the influence of investors on the performance and dependencies of companies in relation to biodiversity and natural capital (BNC). For BNC, we employ four indicators: land use, water use, chemical pollution and carbon emissions. The study assesses: (i) in which way asset managers and fund managers exert influence on the efforts of companies to reduce their negative environmental impact and to improve their positive environmental impact; (ii) how this influence is perceived by the companies; and (iii) to what extent legislation requiring reporting on non-financial performance criteria supports the parties in their engagement and communication. Interviews were conducted with multiple investors and companies to assess in a detailed way the interaction between these parties. Key findings include that BNC is considered material by half of all interviewed investors, that they employ available legal options in their engagement strategies, and that they use the information disclosed by investee companies pursuant to mandatory reporting law. However, company respondents indicate that investors are only interested in BNC when it is clearly and directly linked to (reduced) financial risks. These respondents stated that BNC performance as well as transparency strategies do not have any material influence on investors. Another central issue flagged by respondents is the lack of comparable and standardised information regarding BNC themes such as corporate water use, land use and chemicals. Common methodologies and standards to tackle these issues are still missing. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that tangible strategies for successfully tackling BNC issues are absent. The approaches developed so far are not clearly enough linked to (financial) risks and opportunities in the past, present or future. The perceived effect of EU Directive 2014/95 on tackling BNC issues is also low and environmental profit & loss accounts are unable to clarify the financial relevance of BNC. Establishment of a clear nexus between BNC and financial risks and opportunities is a necessary precondition to advance BNC in future.

Despite the fact that there are some commercial concentrated solar power plants worldwide, there is currently a lack of experimental reports about the operational characteristics of this type of plants. Therefore, a two-tank molten salts thermal energy storage (TES) pilot plant at the University of Lleida (Spain) was used to analyze charging and discharging processes under real conditions. In this facility, 1000 kg of molten salts are used as TES material and Therminol VP-1 is used as heat transfer fluid (HTF). This facility is equipped with measurement equipment which allows an exhaustive analysis of the processes. In this study, the fact of varying the flow arrangement in the heat exchanger (parallel and counter flow arrangements) and the temperature difference between the molten salts and the HTF have been studied and discussed in terms of temperature profiles, energy and power stored/released from/to both HTF and molten salts, efficiencies and effectiveness. The best working conditions found were counter flow arrangement with a temperature grading of about 65 °C. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from Spanish government (Fondo tecnológico IDI-20090393, ConSOLida CENIT 2008-1005) and from Abengoa Solar NT. The work is partially funded by the Spanish government (ENE2008-06687-C02-01/CON, ENE2011-28269-C03-02, ENE2011-22722 and ULLE10-4E-1305). The authors would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research group GREA (2014 SGR 123). This project has also received funding from the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under Grant agreement N°PIRSES-GA-2013-610692 (INNOSTORAGE) and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 657466 (INPATH-TES). Laia Miró would like to thank the Spanish Government for her research fellowship (BES-2012-051861). Jaume Gasia would like to thank the Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació de la Generalitat de Catalunya for his research fellowship (2016FI_B 00047).

We recently experienced a global financial crisis so severe that only massive rescue operations by governments around the world prevented a total financial market meltdown and perhaps another global Great Depression. One precondition for the crisis was the perverse, bonus-driven compensation structure employed in important financial institutions such as investment banks. This structure provided the rational incentive for key decision makers in these firms (who I call "rainmakers") to take the excessive risk and employ the excessive leverage that helped create the bubble and made the crisis so severe. This paper presents and evaluates extensive data on compensation practices in investment banks and other important financial institutions. These data show that rainmaker compensation has been rising rapidly, is very large, and has asymmetric properties that induce reckless risk-taking. Since boom-period bonuses do not have to be returned if rainmaker decisions eventually lead to losses for their firms, since large bonuses continue to be paid even when firms in fact suffer large losses, and since governments can be counted on to bail out the largest financial firms in a crisis, it is rational for rainmakers to use unsustainable leverage to invest in recklessly risky assets in the bubble. A review of the modest literature on financial firm compensation practices in general and those of investment banks in particular demonstrates that the giant bonuses of the recent past are not appropriate returns to human capital – they are unjustified rents. The paper discusses possible answers to the challenging question: what is the source of rainmaker rents and how are they sustained over time? Answers can help guide debates over the appropriate regulation of financial markets. They are also necessary inputs to the development of an adequate theory of the "rainmaker" financial firm that can help us understand how these firms were able to maximize the compensation of their key employees through policies that eroded shareholder value and created systemic financial fragility that led to a series of financial crises culminating in the global crisis that began in 2007-08. To my knowledge, no such theory currently exists.

The true worth of the meteorological observations of Girolamo Venerio should be evident – according to Giovanni Marinelli – when we come face to face with the problems relating to climatic fluctuations over 50 years-long cycles. Alex Cittadella gives credit exactly to the Meteorological Observations made by Venerio in Udine, in Friuli, over the span of 40 years (1803 – 1842). The examination of Venerio's registers and notes led us to discover a small town which takes an active part in European culture and whose purpose is solely to rule by itself over its own countryside, according to the criteria of science and in the best interest of farmers. According to this reading, Friuli introduces itself like a knot of a great fishing net, more like a province instead of the outskirts. Venerio supported challenging political projects like the canal Ledra and the great route towards Germany. He kept himself aloof from the ideological struggles of Risorgimento and this might be the reason why nobody up to now payed tribute to this scientist and philanthropist, which he should have been already a given. ; Il valore da attribuire alle osservazioni meteorologiche di Girolamo Venerio (1777-1843) emergerebbe – secondo Giovanni Marinelli – quando si dovessero affrontare problemi concernenti le oscillazioni climatiche a cicli semisecolari. È proprio questo il merito che Alex Cittadella riconosce alle Osservazioni meteorologiche fatte in Udine nel Friuli pel quarantennio 1803-1842 . L'esame dei registri e degli appunti che Venerio ci ha lasciato scopre una piccola città che è parte attiva della cultura europea, che da sé intende governare le proprie campagne secondo i canoni della scienza, nell'interesse di coloni e contadini. In questa lettura il Friuli si presenta come nodo di una grande rete, provincia più che periferia. Venerio sosterrà ambiziosi progetti politici come il canale Ledra e la grande via verso le Germanie. Estraneo agli ideali del Risorgimento, forse per questo non gli è stato tributato il credito che la sua figura di scienziato e di filantropo, oggi finalmente ridisegnata, avrebbe richiesto.

Eight years after the Federal Assembly's vote which ended Christoph Blocher's mandate as a member of the Federal council, and after the Swiss parliamentary elections of October 2015, it seems that time is ripe to take provisional stock of the "concordance system, i. e. the typically Swiss way of ruling the Executive. Does the concordance system which has applied ever since 1959 still match to twenty-first century Swiss democracy? To answer this question, we first present the political situation that led to the October 2015 elections. We then highlight the key elements of Christoph Blocher's four-year mandate as a member of the Federal council, showing how his stay in the government and above all the circumstances of his departure have drastically changed the balance of political forces in Switzerland. Finally we focus our attention on the role played by the weekly Weltwoche in this process of change. ; Huit ans après le vote de l'Assemblée Fédérale qui a mis fin prématurément aux fonctions de Christoph Blocher comme conseiller fédéral et alors que les Suisses ont renouvelé à la mi-octobre 2015 leurs instances législatives, le moment semble venu de dresser un bilan, au moins provisoire, de la «concordance», cette façon typiquement suisse de faire de la politique. Indissociable du système politique depuis 1959, ce concept est-il encore adapté au fonctionnement de la démocratie helvétique en ce début de XXIème siècle? Pour répondre à cette question, nous commençons par dresser un bref tableau de la situation qui a conduit à cette élection, puis nous mettons en avant les éléments significatifs qui ont parsemé les quatre ans de mandat de Christoph Blocher comme conseiller fédéral afin de montrer de quelle façon ce passage au gouvernement, et surtout les circonstances de son départ ont modifié en profondeur l'équilibre entre les forces politiques. Nous nous interrogeons pour terminer sur le rôle qu'a joué l'hebdomadaire Die Weltwoche dans ce processus politique.

The ZZ production cross section in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy is measured using 3.2 fb−1 of data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The considered Z boson candidates decay to an electron or muon pair of mass 66–116 GeV. The cross section is measured in a fiducial phase space reflecting the detector acceptance. It is also extrapolated to a total phase space for Z bosons in the same mass range and of all decay modes, giving 16.7+2.2−2.0(stat)+0.9−0.7(syst)+1.0−0.7(lumi) pb. The results agree with standard model predictions. ; - We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ...

[EN] The following article is a part of my doctoral thesis entitled: "De la QASABAT al-QADIMA a la ALCAZABA ROJA", which provides a study on the Alhambra ́s Alcazaba, drawn up thanks to the wide and various literature available. In this context, I focused my research on the "Puerta de las Armas", which was a key element in the life of the Alcazaba and the Ciudadela de la Alhambra. In order to know the universal values of the Alcazaba, we analyze one of its elements as a defensive construction model which is used as a reference and example of military building, which adapting itself in the environment and making use of the profits of it, was modifying and fitting with the necessities of that moment. This research provides a detailed description of the element starting from its historical evolution and architectural characteristics, concluding with its new and actualized planimetric surveys and infographics. ; [ES] El presente artículo, es un fragmento de mi futura tesis doctoral: "De la QASABAT al-QADIMA a la ALCAZABA ROJA", en la que se realiza un detallado estudio de la Alcazaba de la Alhambra, elaborado gracias a la compilación de la diversa y amplia información existente sobre la misma. En este contexto se elige la Puerta de las Armas, por ser un elemento clave tanto en el funcionamiento de la Alcazaba como en el de la propia Ciudadela de la Alhambra. Con objeto de conocer los valores universales de la Alcazaba, nos aproximamos a uno de sus elementos, como modelo de construcción defensiva, que siendo referencia y ejemplo de edificación militar, se fue adaptando en el entorno y aprovechando los beneficios de éste; modificando y amoldándose a las necesidades del momento. Se ofrece una descripción detallada del elemento, su evolución histórica y su caracterización arquitectónica, concluyendo con nuevos y actualizados levantamientos planimétricos e infografías ; Martín Martín, A. (2016). Redibujando la puerta de las armas. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 21(27):166-179. ...

Eight years after the Federal Assembly's vote which ended Christoph Blocher's mandate as a member of the Federal council, and after the Swiss parliamentary elections of October 2015, it seems that time is ripe to take provisional stock of the "concordance system, i. e. the typically Swiss way of ruling the Executive. Does the concordance system which has applied ever since 1959 still match to twenty-first century Swiss democracy? To answer this question, we first present the political situation that led to the October 2015 elections. We then highlight the key elements of Christoph Blocher's four-year mandate as a member of the Federal council, showing how his stay in the government and above all the circumstances of his departure have drastically changed the balance of political forces in Switzerland. Finally we focus our attention on the role played by the weekly Weltwoche in this process of change. ; Huit ans après le vote de l'Assemblée Fédérale qui a mis fin prématurément aux fonctions de Christoph Blocher comme conseiller fédéral et alors que les Suisses ont renouvelé à la mi-octobre 2015 leurs instances législatives, le moment semble venu de dresser un bilan, au moins provisoire, de la «concordance», cette façon typiquement suisse de faire de la politique. Indissociable du système politique depuis 1959, ce concept est-il encore adapté au fonctionnement de la démocratie helvétique en ce début de XXIème siècle? Pour répondre à cette question, nous commençons par dresser un bref tableau de la situation qui a conduit à cette élection, puis nous mettons en avant les éléments significatifs qui ont parsemé les quatre ans de mandat de Christoph Blocher comme conseiller fédéral afin de montrer de quelle façon ce passage au gouvernement, et surtout les circonstances de son départ ont modifié en profondeur l'équilibre entre les forces politiques. Nous nous interrogeons pour terminer sur le rôle qu'a joué l'hebdomadaire Die Weltwoche dans ce processus politique.

Chapter 1: Inspired by the political events that followed after the sovereign debt crisis in Greece post 2009, I develop an overlapping generations model with aggregate and idiosyncratic shocks to analyze agent's decisions if each had a vote in whether the country should default or not. The hypothetical economy where agents vote to default almost became a reality in 2015 when Prime Minister of Greece asked the voting population whether the country should remain in the bailout program through a referendum. Model results exhibit similar patterns as the Greek referendum with the young and less wealthy more inclined to vote for default. Chapter 2: We develop a theoretical model to highlight a previously unexplored mechanism of price discovery: relative minimum price increments for equivalent assets trading on distinct financial exchanges. Although conventional wisdom dictates that futures market assets lead equities equivalents in terms of price formation, our model predicts that the opposite should be true when particular relative price conditions hold for the bids and offers of each asset. We develop a new empirical measure of price discovery which is suited to asynchronous, high-frequency transaction and quotation data, and apply it to the highly liquid E-mini/SPY pair in order to test the predictions of the model. Empirical evidence strongly supports the model and further demonstrates that relative minimum contract size plays an additional role in the formation of prices.Chapter 3: United States population has increasingly become older. The aging is expected to continue as life expectancy increases, more baby boomers reach retirement age and birth rate declines. These demographic changes have had significant impact on the solvency of the Social Security Trust Fund. Social Security Administration projects the fund's insolvency around 2035. Given the imminent insolvency, policies such as increasing eligibility age and expanding the tax base have been proposed. These policies are usually analyzed using many period OLG model with a hump-shaped age-dependent productivity profile. We believe this profile is dynamic as the population itself. We incorporate the dynamic age-dependent profile in an OLG framework in a closer look at insolvency of the Social Security Trust Fund.

A search for the pair production of top squarks, each with R-parity-violating decays into two Standard Model quarks, is performed using 17.4 fb−1 of s√=8 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Each top squark is assumed to decay to a b- and an s-quark, leading to four quarks in the final state. Background discrimination is achieved with the use of b-tagging and selections on the mass and substructure of large-radius jets, providing sensitivity to top squark masses as low as 100 GeV. No evidence of an excess beyond the Standard Model background prediction is observed and top squarks decaying to b¯¯s¯¯¯ are excluded for top squark masses in the range 100 ≤mt¯≤ 315 GeV at 95% confidence level. ; We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina: YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FIVE Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan: SSTC, Belarus: CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China: COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic: DNRF and DNSRC. Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF. Georgia: BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN. Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO. Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN. Poland; FCT, Portugal; NINE/IFA. Romania; NIES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation: JINR: MESTD, Serbia; NISSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia: DST/NRF. South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation. Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan: TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom: DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT. and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada: EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions. European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and ...

166 179 21 27 ; SWORD ; [EN] The following article is a part of my doctoral thesis entitled: "De la QASABAT al-QADIMA a la ALCAZABA ROJA", which provides a study on the Alhambra ́s Alcazaba, drawn up thanks to the wide and various literature available. In this context, I focused my research on the "Puerta de las Armas", which was a key element in the life of the Alcazaba and the Ciudadela de la Alhambra. In order to know the universal values of the Alcazaba, we analyze one of its elements as a defensive construction model which is used as a reference and example of military building, which adapting itself in the environment and making use of the profits of it, was modifying and fitting with the necessities of that moment. This research provides a detailed description of the element starting from its historical evolution and architectural characteristics, concluding with its new and actualized planimetric surveys and infographics. ; [ES] El presente artículo, es un fragmento de mi futura tesis doctoral: "De la QASABAT al-QADIMA a la ALCAZABA ROJA", en la que se realiza un detallado estudio de la Alcazaba de la Alhambra, elaborado gracias a la compilación de la diversa y amplia información existente sobre la misma. En este contexto se elige la Puerta de las Armas, por ser un elemento clave tanto en el funcionamiento de la Alcazaba como en el de la propia Ciudadela de la Alhambra. Con objeto de conocer los valores universales de la Alcazaba, nos aproximamos a uno de sus elementos, como modelo de construcción defensiva, que siendo referencia y ejemplo de edificación militar, se fue adaptando en el entorno y aprovechando los beneficios de éste; modificando y amoldándose a las necesidades del momento. Se ofrece una descripción detallada del elemento, su evolución histórica y su caracterización arquitectónica, concluyendo con nuevos y actualizados levantamientos planimétricos e infografías Martín Martín, A. (2016). Redibujando la puerta de las armas. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 21(27):166-179. ...

A search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a vector boson with the decay H→ττ is presented. The data correspond to 20.3 fb−1 of integrated luminosity from proton-proton collisions at s√=8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data agree with the background expectation, and 95% confidence-level upper limits are placed on the cross section of this process. The observed (expected) limit, expressed in terms of the signal strength μ=σ/σSM for mH=125 GeV, is μ<5.6 (3.7). The measured value of the signal strength is μ=2.3±1.6. ; - We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ...

The luminosity determination for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during pp collisions at √s= 8 TeV in 2012 is presented. The evaluation of the luminosity scale is performed using several luminometers, and comparisons between these luminosity detectors are made to assess the accuracy, consistency and long-term stability of the results. A luminosity uncertainty of δL/L=±1.9% is obtained for the 22.7fb−1 of pp collision data delivered to ATLAS at √s= 8 TeV in 2012. ; We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes ...