Suchergebnisse

In this second part of his study (the first was published in issue 134 of Revista de Estudios Politicos), Quentin Skinner gives a detailed analysis of the radical changes that Thomas Hobbes brought into his theory of freedom when he wrote his masterpiece, Leviathan. The article shows clearly that Hobbes constructed his new concept of freedom -- now understood simply as the absence of impediment -- within the context of a heated ongoing debate with those who defended the Republic arguing that freedom was impossible outside the "Free State.". References. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACTThe growing economic importance of professional football and the recent fundamental changes in the regulatory regime governing the football players' labor market together with the availability of detailed information on player salaries, transfer fees and contract lengths have convinced an increasing number of economists from all over Europe to devote their attention to the operation of that particular market. The following paper reviews the available evidence on the various dimensions of that market (remuneration, transfers, contracts and mobility) and points out some promising directions for further research.

During the last few years we have observed great changes in the oil market along with the growing tendency to use oil as a means for international politics. There is a need for analyzing this situation. In this study the author shows how the "oil weapon," functions as a mechanism which may influence foreign policies of the USA & European countries. The text lists the basic circumstances & conditions that turn oil as a commodity into a successful mean for economic war. It also shows possible restrictions & obstructions of such use of oil. Graphs, References. Adapted from the source document.

This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the gradual development of differentiated integration and the ensuing changes in the nature of European integration. It considers the dynamics of deepening and widening of the EU and proposes the metaphor of a 'European Onion' that is designed to capture the bigger picture. Further, this paper expands upon the centripetal effects of differentiated integration and shows its potential to generate more cooperative public opinion in future enlargement rounds. Finally a state of play in European integration theory is offered that incorporates differentiated integration. Adapted from the source document.

The book is filled with the usual suspects of global inequity and social injustice: that unholy cabal of the World Trade Organization (WTO), World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the almighty transnational corporation armed with patents, lawyers, mobile capital, and easily swayed, corrupt governments. Building upon the traditions of ancient cultures, Shiva's concept of Earth Democracy tries to bridge the gap between the universal and the particular, nature and culture, and economy and ecology by seeking appropriate and local solutions to global issues like climate change, environmental degradation, social injustice, and hunger.

Among Latin American countries Mexico is a model of neoliberalism's environmental promise and pitfalls. Since entering the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), it has undertaken extensive environmental reforms predicated on export-intensive industrialization and the growth of urban society. An examination of these reforms, their background and statutory changes, policy measures, and international commitments made in this area since NAFTA took effect provokes serious concern over their adequacy as the American nations ponder the costs and benefits of deeper enmeshment in hemispheric trade integration.

This article is the introduction to a special edition devoted to critical theory. It follows the past of critical theory, beginning with 1981 publications of Robert Cox & Richard Ashley, & traces it up until the present day, noting the significant changes that critical theory has brought to the field of International Relations. Discussions of neo-Gramscian models, feminism, the Frankfurt school, & post structuralism are included, as well as the reactions to these critical studies. The authors conclude with speculative remarks about the future of critical theory in International Relations. C. Adcock

The mission of the London-based independent Commission on National Security in the 21st Century set up in May this year is to review the current security landscape & suggest an independent security strategy for the United Kingdom. Co-Chair Lord Robertson of Port Ellen & Deputy Chair Ian Kearns set out their view of the threats & changes in the security landscape & suggest ways in which security should be re-thought. In particular they stress the urgent requirement to project governance more effectively into failed states & to create more effective international control & storage regimes for fissile nuclear material. Adapted from the source document.

During its last year, the East German Stasi Document Authorities fell under uncharacteristically strong criticism, not only as a result of failures of the agency & changes to media regulations, but also as a result of particularly strong attacks by a relatively small group of journalists & individuals who apparently desired to discredit the agency as an institution. The thematic complex of handling of information from the "Rosenholz" files, the revision of the Stasi Document laws in 2006, & the activity of previous employees offered the primary material for the attacks. Adapted from the source document.