Suchergebnisse

In response to the obstruction by the United States of the Kyoto protocols and its subsequent agreements, American environmental NGOs and state governments have filed a range of lawsuits to force the current U.S. administration, automobile manufacturers, and regulatory actors to combat global warming. This essay first very briefly sketches some of the strategies by litigants to force compliance with Kyoto, an agreement which reflects nearly all of the international community's desire to schedule reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The essay then describes a strategy that perhaps is the most conventional in terms of international law, but requires a nation which is either desperate enough, or else sufficiently free of U.S. influences to challenge its policy lapses in international tribunals.

International audience ; EC law built the single European market, on the basis of the economic freedoms, the principle of non-discrimination of EU nationals. He also sometimes sought to harmonize national legislation, for the proper functioning of the European market and a policy of full employment. The freedom of establishment of companies has changed the ship registration conditions; the freedom to provide services applies to maritime transport and the freedom of movement of workers to seafarers. Given the international dimension of maritime activity, a balance between competitiveness and maritime safety has to be found. European law incorporates IMO and ILO conventions on ships and seafarers pursuant a sectorial approach. European social law is sometimes applied to maritime armaments companies, like any company, in a joint approach. The European Union seems always in search of a maritime policy, inserted in a global economy.