Suchergebnisse

The aim of the article is to present the major issues related to the protection of the Polish border from the perspective of the tasks and functions of the Border Guard and border checkpoints. The present analysis is a result of research conducted with use of theoretical research methods used in the social sciences. The aforementioned research was carried out with the purpose of diagnosing the functioning of the state border protection and traffic control system. The result of the research leads to the conclusion that the Polish border protection and traffic control system is being gradually improved, which is a result of changes in the security environment, primarily related to the emergence of new threats and increasing levels of existing threats. This leads to the expansion of the range of functions performed not by the Border Guard in general, but specifically by border checkpoints, which are closely related to field government and local authority administration bodies. These bodies have a definitive influence on local security, and thus on the security of areas controlled by the Border Guard.

For years now Ecaterina and Serban Chelariu, my wife's mother and brother, have tried to leave Rumania, and we have tried various means to help them. When we moved from Switzerland to America, my homeland, we thought the free emigration provision of the 1974 Trade Act might be a source of leverage to influence Rumanian authorities. In line with the Trade Act the U.S.-Rumanian Trade Agreement of 1975 committed Rumania to freer emigration practices and to the principle of family reunification. It committed the United States Congress either to assure compliance with the emigration provision or to cancel Rumania's "Most Favored Nation" trade status.

The article focuses on the content analysis of professional training of border guards in the Republic of India during basic training, professional military training, and professional military education. The author has investigated two blocks of professional training: block of obligatory courses which are studied by specialists of all border agencies as well as block of agency-specific courses and special training courses which are necessary only for border guards of particular border agency to perform their service duties that depends on peculiarities of border security in the Republic of India.Also, the article deals with the comparative analysis of the content of future officers border guards' training at the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after Bohdan Khmelnytskyi. Having found that there are similar threats at the border in Ukraine and the Republic of India but there is a big difference between the content of professional training at Indian agency-specific educational establishments and the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine the author has come to the conclusion that it is important to investigate the system of professional training of border guards in the Republic of India in details especially the content of professional training with the purpose to find its strength and use it creatively in Ukraine.

Communication is the activity of delivering information through the exchange of thoughts, messages or information. The most popular type of communication in militarized educational institution is downward communication. State Border Guard College is militarized educational institution with hierarchy, discipline and one way communication. The predominant educational approach is the classical pedagogy. But a system, where pedagogue only transfers information and the student – receives it, could not be called as independent-personality developing. The aim of this research is to find out students thoughts of ongoing communication processes in State Border Guard College. For this purpose was carried out the survey. The result was processed by the data processing programs and performed content analysis. For the improvement of Border Guard training system were drawn conclusions.

One of the main State Border Guard priorities is to maintain and develop the state border guarding system, according to the European Union external borders requirements, by fulfilling the conditions of the Schengen acquis. Schengen acquis provides that international cooperation in the field of border security can have multilateral, bilateral and local dimensions. In this context, an agreements concluded with bordering countries on cooperation in the field of border management is an effective tool to strengthen border security (EU Schengen Catalogue, 2002). In research as methodology are used scientific literature in the field of international law, treaties and agreements, the law of the Republic of Latvia, the State border guard of the internal regulations and the State border guard of unpublished materials. The Republic of Latvia and the Russian Federation cooperate in the field of development and implementation of coherent measures for the border control. Cooperation with RF is executed based on treaties and agreements concluded, as well, maintaining contacts between competent representatives of both countries at various management levels. The extensive cooperation between neighbouring countries on maintenance of security at the border results in the elucidation of the incidents occurring at the state border and other relevant issues, at the same time providing stability and security at the common border.

The present paper explores specificity of educational process in the State Border Guard College as a militarized educational institution. It is specific and implementation of educational process in such institution is not possible without the successive and continuous organization of the study process. The correct organization of the study process and scientific content of the training program serves as a basis for development of the students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills and its structural and content organization is essential for the implementation of a qualitative educational process. The aim of the research is to identify the possibilities to improve the structural and content based organization of the study process of the State Border Guard College in order to facilitate the achievement of the goals set by the border guard training process. The study was conducted in the State Border Guard College using scientific, pedagogical and psychological literature analysis and evaluation and document analysis research method. The author brought forward conclusion that the structural and content study process improving in the State Border Guard College can be achieved by changing professional border guard training course program (1 month) and professional further education study program "Border Guarding", study subjects and their succession.

The border guards were what made the Berlin Wall both function and lethal. Without them, people could escape nearly without any hindrance. Thus, it is crucial to understand the role of the border guards, who they were, and how they were prepared for their duty. They had a double task: preventing citizens, in most cases respectable and unarmed, from fleeing; and serving as an initial front-line defense in case of war. The military aspect of their mission, however, remained hypothetical, whereas preventing escapes became their daily duty. The duplicity of their task, with the military aspect determining armament, training, and structure no doubt increased the number of fatalities at the border.

Project Turnstone is a collaborative project partly funded by the European Commission. The project is an initiative by the Stockholm Police. Collaborating partners in the project are the Swedish Coast Guard; Region Northeast, the Helsinki Police, the Gulf of Finland Coast Guard District, the Police and Border Guard Board in Estonia, the State Border Guard of the Republic of Latvia, and the State Border Guard Service at the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. The aim of this project is to decrease trans-boundary criminality and improve day-today cooperation between border officers in the Baltic Sea region. This study analyses this collaborative project and especially the operative joint activities conducted during the implementation of project Turnstone. What is unique about the Turnstone model of working is the implementation of the operative action week where officers have the chance of exchanging, sharing, and cooperating with immediate action in the same office using their own channels of information. The purpose of the study is to map and analyse how the staff of the different organizations experience, understand, and define successful cooperation and collaboration obstacles encountered during cooperation with neighbouring organizations. The study is qualitative and based on ethnographically gathered material such as field observations at the different border agencies and qualitative interviews. 73 interviews were conducted with border police officers, police officers, border guards, and coast guard officers from the participating organizations. The findings suggest that interviewed officers see Project Turnstone as a rare opportunity for close, personal cooperation where officers can build strong police, border, and coast guard networks and increase and strengthen previous cooperating practices. This is due to colocation and interpersonal interaction where officers can learn about each other's organizational practices, establish trust, and achieve the same goals. On the other hand, collaboration obstacles were also raised, such as language and communication difficulties, differences in national legislations, and fear that the opportunities for joint action weeks and close cooperation will diminish after the termination of project Turnstone. Despite these obstacles, interviewed officers share a common sense of purpose and motivation and see close interpersonal cooperation as the best way of protecting the EU and Schengen area from criminality in the Baltic Sea area.

"The following paper aims to present a prosopographical research about the captains of the Habsburg 11th Székely Border Guard Hussar regiment who served between the Congress of Vienna (1815) and the 1848 revolutions. Keywords: captains, Habsburg, Székely, Border Guard, service "