Introduction: Liberal citizenship : an interdisciplinary approach -- The "Greek proto-question" and the birth of modern citizenship -- "Restoring" the regime of nobility estates : citizenship under the organic regulations, 1821-1858 -- The slavery question : abolitionism and the emancipation of Roma, 1831-1856 -- The Romanian question : the great powers, "European public law" and the union of the principalities, 1856-1858 -- Emulating the Second French Empire : the state-national citizenship model, 1859-1866 -- Shifting to an ethno-national citizenship model : the regime of constitutional nationalism -- The Jewish question : the exclusion of Jews from citizenship -- The internationalization of the Jewish question : actors and networks, 1866-1879 -- Duties without rights : Jews under constitutional nationalism, 1879-1913 -- The woman question : gender, property, and citizenship -- The Dobrudjan question : constitutional nationalism and the assimilation of a border region, 1878-1914 -- Liberalism renewed : war, civil society, and emancipation, 1913-1918 -- The language of citizenship : imperial legacies, legal-political concepts, and historical time.
Zugriffsoptionen:
Die folgenden Links führen aus den jeweiligen lokalen Bibliotheken zum Volltext:
By art. 1 para. (4), Romanian Constitution, republished, enshrined the principle of separation and balance of powers. Therefore, this principle implies the existence of collaboration but also of a mutual control between these powers, including between the legislative and executive power, thus being expressed the balance between these two powers. By constitutional established powers, the two central authorities of the executive power - the President of Romania and the Government - will participate at the observance and application of this principle, including by those duties they perform in their relations with the legislative power.
Conceptual Theoretical Aspects of the Particularities of Criminal Legal Liability of Local Elected Officials The purpose of this paper is to investigate the responsibility of the local elected officials, from a criminal perspective, for the crimes committed in the exercise of their duties in the light of the legislative transformations in Romania and the Republic of Moldova. Currently, the criminal jurisprudence shows that the most common crimes committed by local elected officials are corruption offenses, service offenses, false offenses, offenses governed by labor law and public service but also offenses against the European Union's financial interests. Prezenta lucrare are ca scop cercetarea răspunderii aleșilor locali, din perspectiva penală, pentru infracțiunile săvârșite în exercitarea atribuțiilor de serviciu în lumina transformărilor legislative din România și Republica Moldova. În prezent, jurisprudența în materie penală învederează faptul că cele mai frecvente infracțiuni săvârșite de către aleșii locali sunt infracțiunile de corupție, infracțiunile de serviciu, infracțiunile de fals, infracțiunile reglementate de legislația muncii și a funcției publice dar și infracțiunile împotriva intereselor financiare ale Uniunii Europene.
Labour, family and gender equality represent three of the main human dimensions, which are in a more and more complex relation of interdependence, and which can trigger major imbalances on the society and the economy if not approached in an integrative manner. This article aims to analyze to what extent the women and men of Romania and the EU manage to juggle their family duties and their professional responsibilities, challenges with which they are confronted and possible solutions in order ensure their equality with respect to the opportunities on the labour market and their treatment in the workplace as well as within the family.
The authors propose an analysis of the public administration reform in Romania by assessing whether the Romanian civil servants perform their duties according to the regulations of the European Administrative Space. The paper offers a socio-statistic perspective on the internalization of the European Administrative Space principles, namely, the rule of law, openness towards citizens, and public administration responsibility in a Romanian context, after the European Union accession. Designed within the framework of modern theories of organizational sociology that see internalization as a process of organizational learning and change, and using a relevant sample of Romanian civil servants, the paper offers important and useful results for the future Romanian policies and strategies in an integrated European arena.
The authors propose an analysis of the public administration reform in Romania by assessing whether the Romanian civil servants perform their duties according to the regulations of the European Administrative Space. The paper offers a socio-statistic perspective on the internalization of the European Administrative Space principles, namely, the rule of law, openness towards citizens, and public administration responsibility in a Romanian context, after the European Union accession. Designed within the framework of modern theories of organizational sociology that see internalization as a process of organizational learning and change, and using a relevant sample of Romanian civil servants, the paper offers important and useful results for the future Romanian policies and strategies in an integrated European arena.
The authors propose an analysis of the public administration reform in Romania by assessing whether the Romanian civil servants perform their duties according to the regulations of the European Administrative Space. The paper offers a socio-statistic perspective on the internalization of the European Administrative Space principles, namely, the rule of law, openness towards citizens, and public administration responsibility in a Romanian context, after the European Union accession. Designed within the framework of modern theories of organizational sociology that see internalization as a process of organizational learning and change, and using a relevant sample of Romanian civil servants, the paper offers important and useful results for the future Romanian policies and strategies in an integrated European arena.
In this paper present the results of the experts meeting hop farms in Romania, which took place on 27-28 June 2008 on the University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, held a symposium titled "Current and future prospects in the cultivation and use of hops and medicinal plants" in the project CEEX 104/2006 funded of the CNMP Bucharest. For restoration and modernization of Romania hops to be taken a series of measures, including: Planting of indigenous and foreign varieties recommended for our country, using root material, free of virus; Special facilities are preferred grinding cones and transformation into granules (pellets), vacuum packed in containers (which ensures the preservation of quality for three years), and hops-grade transformation in concentrated liquid extract (retention time within 2 years), both prepared and ensuring fair treatment at lower specific fuel consumption; elimination of customs duties on imported hops cuttings, subsidies for replanting areas with existing support system and flavorful varieties superalfa support for amalgamation of land under hops support system; Implementation of legislation relating to hops, the organization Hop Advisory Council (through the Ministry of Agriculture, Hops Growers and Employers Association of Beer).
Der gesetzliche Rechtsrahmen der Mediation in Rumänien und in Österreich hat im Vergleich wesentliche Gemeinsamkeiten, jedoch sind Unterschiede in den Details bemerkbar. In Österreich hat die Mediation mit der Einführung des ZivMediatG in 2004 tiefe Wurzeln gefasst, während in Rumänien das Mediationsgesetz erst 2008 in Kraft getreten ist. Die Mediation hat als außergerichtliche Streitbeilegungsform in beiden Ländern die Hauptfunktion soziale Beziehungen unter Einhaltung der mediationsspezifischen Prinzipien wiederherzustellen. Dafür nimmt der österreichische Gesetzgeber von einer umfangreichen Bestimmung im österreichischen ZivMediatG Abstand. Der rumänische Gesetzgeber hingegen regelt die Mediation detailliert, lässt aber auch Raum für eine Weiterentwicklung. Beide Gesetze beinhalten Regelungen bezüglich der Definition der Mediation, der Prinzipien, der Institutionen, der Pflichten und Rechte des Mediators sowie der Handhabung einer Mediation im Rahmen eines Zivilprozesses. Das rumänische Mediationsgesetz umfasst einen größeren Rechtsbereich, in dem die Mediation anwendbar ist. Das österreichische ZivMediatG beschränkt sich auf das Zivilrecht und definiert innerhalb dieser Grenze die Mediation und ihre Durchführung. Auch bei der praktischen Umsetzung zeigen sich wesentliche Unterschiede, da in Rumänien diese Form der Streitregelung wenig Aufmerksamkeit bekommt, obwohl der Gesetzgeber viele Anstrengungen gemacht hat um sie der Bevölkerung näherzubringen. ; The legal framework of mediation in Austria and in Romania has in comparison fundamental similarities, however the details imply differences. In Austria the mediation took with the introduction in 2004 deep roots, whereas in Romania the law of mediation entered into force in 2008. The mediation has as an extrajudicial form of alternative dispute resolution in both countries the main function to restore social relations in strict compliance with the specific principals of mediation. Therefor the Austrian legislator refrained from an extensive regulation in the Austrian mediation law. The Romanian legislator however structured the mediation more detailed, but left also space for further development. Both laws contain regulations about the definition of mediation, the principles, the institutions, the duties and rights of the mediator and the realization of a mediation within a litigation. The Romanian mediation law covers a wider field of law, where the mediation is applicable. The Austrian mediation law restrains to the civil law and defines the mediation and its execution within this limit. In addition to that the implementation shows major differences, because in Romania this form of alternative dispute resolution gets only little attention, although the legislator is making great efforts to familiarize it with the population. ; vorgelegt von Adela Dib ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Diplomarbeit, 2019 ; (VLID)5912128
In this paper, we analyze the role and functions of the socialist enterprise, a place in which the interaction between power and society is strongly emphasized. Focusing on the last decade of communist rule, we have chosen as a case study an enterprise created in the late 70's: the Călăraşi Integrated Iron and Steel Works. We were interested in how the Romanian Communist Party was organized inside the enterprise and the duties of party organizations. Recruiting new party members, mobilizing workers were only two of the party organizations tasks within enterprises. These topics were, in many occasions, the focus points of the Party organizations reports. An important part of this study was devoted to activities organized within the socialist enterprise. Socialist emulation, cultural and artistic activities, sports occupied a central place in everyday life of the industrial workers. Especially in the last decade of communist domination, any event is a cause for celebration, this phenomenon being in contrast to the austerity imposed by the regime. In communist Romania, the socialist enterprise was, above all, one of the most important places of propaganda, domination and control.
A magyar büntetés-végrehajtási szervezet kétnapos nemzetközi konferenciáját előadásokkal tisztelték meg a Visegrádi Négyek, valamint Ausztria és Románia büntetés-végrehajtási szervezeteinek országos parancsnokai, illetve képviselői. A koronavírus-járvány 2020. évi megjelenése a kialakult veszélyhelyzetek kezelését, a szervezetek közötti együttműködés új dimenzióit, és az alapfeladatok ellátása mellett a koronavírus-járvánnyal összefüggő, speciális védekezési feladatok végrehajtását követelte meg. Az előadásokban elhangzott nemzeti és nemzetközi vonatkozású legjobb gyakorlatok rámutattak arra, hogy milyen jelentős az államok külső és belső biztonságáért felelős szervek, így a fegyveres és rendvédelmi szervek, valamint az államigazgatási, polgári hatóságok tevékenységének összehangolása. A sikeres védekezés meghatározó pontja az egészségügyi ellátás volt, azon belül az infrastruktúrák szakszerű és célszerű átalakítása, illetve a büntetés-végrehajtás személyi állományának sikeres felkészítése és szakmai feladatainak koordinálása. Új intézkedési tervek, módszertanok kerültek kidolgozásra annak érdekében, hogy a fogva tartás biztonságát garantáló módon kerüljenek végrehajtásra a veszélyhelyzet kapcsán felmerült intézkedések. = The two-days international conference of the Hungarian prison service has been honoured with lectures of nationwide leaders or representatives of prison services of the Visegrád Four countries and of Austria and Romania. The appearance of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 demanded handling of the emergency cases, new dimensions of cooperation among organisations and implementation of special defence tasks beside managing basic duties. The best national and international practices performed at the conference presented how important can be the harmonisation of activities of organisations in charge of exterior and interior safety, like military, law enforcement organisations and public administrative civic authorities. The deciding points of a successful defence were the healthcare supply and within that a fast and suitable transformation of infrastructures, resp. the successful preparation of the staff of prison service and the coordination of their professional tasks. New action plans and methods were worked out in order to fulfil the measurements in connection with the pandemic with guarantee for the safety of detention.
Volume 8, issue no. 1 (2016) of Revista Română de Studii Baltice şi Nordice/ The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies (RRSBN) gathers articles dealing with history, literary history and literary studies. The first group of articles engaged with topics related to Nordic and Baltic history from the early Middle Ages to the Modern Age. Such is the article which opens the journal signed by Costel Coroban. His thesis is that Konungs skuggsjá (King's Mirror or Speculum Regale), the piece of work elaborated in 1250 under King Hákon Hákonarson (1217-1263) for his son, future King Magnús lagabœtir (1263-1280), emphasizes piety as one of the essential features of a good Christian. Cases of arrogance and individualism have to be chastened and that was one of the essential attributes and duties of a sovereign. Roxana-Ema Dreve tackles the national identity building in Norway following the separation from Denmark and the creation of a union with Sweden. The article addresses the 1830s' developments especially with regard to the puzzling debate on the spoken and written national languages and the polemics of Henrik Wergeland and Johan Sebastian Welhaven. Henrik Ibsen continues to inspire inquiries in fields such as literature, social sciences, culture, philosophy as he did when he lived. Gianina Druță studies Ibsen's masterpiece Hedda Gabler inspired by Gilles Deleuze's concepts such as deterritorialisation, antigenealogy, rhizome or alliance. Dalia Bukelevičiūtė opens new perspectives in the field of social and welfare of Lithuanian population in Latvia during the interwar period and points out to the unbalanced situation between the two neighboring states of Latvia and Lithuania. While the number of Latvians in Lithuania who needed social protection was meagre, the number of Lithuanians in Latvia was considerable. This posed difficulties to the Lithuanian Government confronted, on one hand, with the needs of Lithuanians, the higher expenses of social services in Latvia and the desire to keep up the Lithuanian identity of the population across the border. This resulted into a wavering policy of the Lithuanian Governments which, however, always returned to the Convention on social assistance concluded with the Latvian counterparts in 1924. This issue of our journal continues to tackle the perceptions of Nordic peoples on Romania, in this case Mihaela Mehedinţi-Beiean depicting the Nordic and Russian travellers' recollections of corruption and political instability imbedded into the Phanariot system of the 18th century Romania. Finally, this issue brings to the fore a Norwegian personality with a significant role in the Romanian-Norwegian relations, author of chapters, articles and books dealing with this topic: Jardar Seim. Crina Leon successfully sails through the memories of Professor Seim's first encounters of Romania and the developments of this interest into a research topic.
John Paul II and ecumenism
A turning point for the approach of the Catholic Church to the question of the unity of Christians was brought by the Second Vatican Council which began in 1962. Observers from Churches and separate communities were invited to participate in the Council. The events which illustrate John Paul II's engagement toward the reconciliation of Christians i.e. the Encyclical Slavorum Apostoli (2.06.1985), The apostolic Letter Orientale lumen (2.05.1995), The Encyclical Ut unum sint (25.05.1995), The Declaration Dominus Jesus (6.08.2000). The inauguration of the Anniversary Year of 2000 in the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls and the "Ecumenical Remembrance of the Witnesses of Faith of the 20th Century" as crucial events in the field of the reconciliation of Christians. The ecumenical contacts with the Orthodox Church. The first of such contacts was John Paul II's visit to Istanbul in 1979 and the meeting with the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople, Dimitrios. Further meetings with the representatives of the Orthodox Church took place: in 1987 in the Vatican; in 1991 during the Synod of the Bishops of Europe; in 1994 the solemnities of the Station of the Cross on Good Friday were attended by the Patriarch of Constantinople, Bartholomew I; in 1999 John Paul II visited Romania. The contacts with the Russian Orthodox Church, which sometimes was not satisfied with John Paul II's contacts with e.g. Georgia in 1999, the Ukraine and Kazakhstan in 2001. The pope never made a visit to Russia due to the lack of consent on the part of the Orthodox Church. The history of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre and the Society of of Pius X. With the establishment of the Society Lefebvre started to openly oppose the decisions of the Second Vatican Council. When he began to illegally confer Holy Orders in 1976, Pope Paul VI divested him from the authority of executing episcopal duties. John Paul II is presented as an indefatigable champion of ecumenism. He was a remarkable guide in this journey, he never lost sight of his goals and he set out directions of action. His appreciation of the current situation was also accurate.
