Suchergebnisse

Beyond trade, investment, geostrategic and security challenges, as well as issues of connectivity and governance, the European Union-Asia Pacific dialogue has also boosted the involvement of civil society in international politics. The involvement of civil society can contribute to enhancing mutual trust and knowledge as well as democratization processes and channels for citizen participation in social issues that have an impact on people's lives. However, in the last decade, internal crises both in the EU and in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as a lack of political will on both sides to support the discussion of issues in non-official processes, seem to have slowed down the intensity of interregional interaction and cooperation between civil society organizations. This special issue of Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto (CED) / Deusto Journal of European Studies on "European Union-Asia Pacific social and cultural dialogue: involving civil society in interregional relations" aims to make a contribution to the knowledge and understanding of some of the major actors and factors that determine the evolution of social and cultural interregional dialogue.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the demographic profile of driver gene alterations, especially low‐frequency gene alterations in Chinese patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: A total of 7395 Chinese patients with NSCLC were enrolled in the study. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded specimens collected via either surgical resection or biopsy. RESULTS: The frequent genomic alterations found in the study were EGFR mutations (51.7%), KRAS mutations (13.1%), MET alterations (5.6%; 3.2% copy number gains and 0.5% exon 14 skipping mutation), HER2 alterations (7.0%; 2.0% copy number gains and 5.4% mutations), ALK alterations (7.2%; 3.9% rearrangements), RET rearrangements (1.4%), ROS1 rearrangements (0.9%), and NTRK rearrangements (0.6%). The EGFR mutation rate was found to be significantly higher in women than in men (69.1% vs. 38.5%, P 40 years, while the KRAS mutation rate tended to increase with age. The HER2 mutation (13.9% vs. 6.7%, P < 0.001) and ALK alteration rates (14.3% vs. 6.9%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the group aged <40 years than in groups aged 40 years or older. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of different driver genes was diverse in different age‐gender groups, and the results of this study may assist clinicians in clinical decision‐making and the development of public healthcare strategies in the future. KEY POINTS: SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrated that the frequency of different driver genes was diverse in different age‐gender groups. What this study adds: It may enable clinicians to make clinical decisions, and assist government, pharmaceutical researchers and insurance companies develop public healthcare strategies.