Disregard of sociodemographic variables (e.g., level of education and length of experience at work) which might additively combine with perceived climate dimensions to affect work performance is a major factor in the inconsistency of climate‐performance relationships. The current study examines this contention and addresses two additional related research questions.The investigation was done on 628 real estate agents employed in 29 agencies in the Montreal area; of these, 58 were used as subjects for only the pretest stage. All of them were administered an organizational climate questionnaire. Data on such sociodemographic variables as years of real estate experience and level of education were collected at the same time. Two relatively objective indices of agents' work performance were used: total number of transactions (listing and sales) accomplished, and real‐estate earnings (the actual dollar value of commissions earned).The results suggest that, when combined additively, climate dimensions and the two sociodemographic variables relate to substantially higher levels of work performance than either of them alone. Hence, these data support the additive combination model of climate dimensions and sociodemographic variables in relation to performance. Furthermore, the amount of variance accounted for by either climate dimensions or sociodemographic variables changes with the type of performance measure used. Also discussed are implications of the findings referring to organizational peculiarities.RésuméLes variables sociodémographiques, comme le niveau d'instruction et la durée de l'expérience peuvent se combiner avec les diverses dimensions du climat organisationnel pour influer sur les résultats du travail. Leur mise à l'écart explique en bonne partie l'incohérence des conclusions des recherches sur la relation climat‐rendement. La présente étude porte sur cet avancé et traite de deux autres problèmes connexes de recherche.L'enquěte a porté sur 628 courtiers en immeuble à l'emploi de 29 succursales de la région de Montréal. De ce nombre, 58 n'ont participé qu'à l'étape de la vérification des instruments de mesure. Tous ont rempli un questionnaire sur le climat organisationnel. Les données sociodémographiques, comme les années d'expérience dans le commerce de l'immeuble et le niveau d'instruction, ont été recueillies simultanément. On a utilisé deux indices relativement objectifs des résultats du travail des courtiers: le nombre des transactions conclues (inscriptions et ventes) et les gains (valeur des commissions gagnées). La recherche suggère que ces derniers s'expliquent mieux par des variables combinées que séparées: l'effet est additif. Par conséquent, les études de rendement du travail devraient tenir compte simultanément du climat organisationnel et de la sociodémographie. De plus, la proportion de la variance expliquée par ces deux types de facteurs dépend du choix de l'estimateur des résultats. Enfin, on tire de la recherche quelques leçons pour l'étude de certains traits distinctifs des organisations.
AbstractIt was hypothesized that in comparison to a GRS‐based performance appraisal and review, behaviour‐based (BARS and BOS) appraisals and reviews would generate superior goal properties (e.g., specificity), better goal characteristics (e.g., acceptance), and more favourable user reactions (e.g., ratee satisfaction with the appraisal process). Data from a field experiment involving 46 police sergeants (raters) and their 152 subordinates (ratees) supported almost all of the predictions. Particularly strong evidentiary support was found for the BOS‐based performance appraisal and review. These results, as well as recent empirical evidence from other studies, lend credence to the proposition that a BOS‐based performance appraisal and review may be superior to other appraisal methods in terms of yielding more favourable attitudinal effects.RésuméDans la présente étude, nous examinons l'hypothèse selon laquelle, comparativement a l'évaluation du ren‐dement 4aG l'aide de l'échelle GRS, l'évaluation se basant sur les échelles BOS et BARS entraine des réactions plus favorables chez les usagers, des perceptions plus claires quant aux propriétés des objectifs (p. ex. spécificité) et des caractéristiques plus positives des objectifs de performance (p. ex. acceptation) établis au moyen de ces méthodes d'évaluation. Les données recueillies à partir d'une étude expérimentale menée dans une organisation auprès de 46 cadres (évaluateurs) et de leur 152 subal‐ternes (évalués) appuient presque toutes ces conjections. Ces résultats, ainsi que des évidences empiriques récentes, indiquent que les évaluations du rendement à l'aide de l'échelle BOS sont supeérieures à celles observées au moyen des échelles GRS et BARS, en ce qui concerne les effets attitudinaux engendrés (notamment les perceptions quant aux propriétés des objectifs de performance, fixés à l'aide de chacune des trois échelles d'évaluation).
The effects of rating scale formats on several indices of the usefulness of performance appraisal for employee development were examined. The job performance of 96 police officers was rated using simple graphic scales or one of two behaviorally oriented rating formats: behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) and behavior observation scales (BOS). As predicted, ratees' satisfaction with performance appraisal was highest and their perceptions of performance goals most favorable when using BOS. In addition, performance improvement goals for officers rated using BOS were judged by experts to be most observable and specific. Contrary to the authors' predictions, graphic rating scales were generally as good as BOS and as good as or better than BARS when evaluated in terms of ratee attitudes and goal characteristics. The results suggest that different behaviorally-oriented rating formats can enhance or inhibit the developmental applications of performance appraisal.
Recent performance appraisal research has highlighted the important role played by contextual and individual factors in shaping rating behavior. This article reviews cumulated empirical data supporting the proposition that in factors and constraints present in the organization, contexts in which appraisal systems reside and rater attributes, such as personality factors or beliefs, systematically affect rating behavior. The effects of these context and rater factors are reflected in ratings accuracy, ratings discrimination among raters/dimensions, and rating elevation.
In: European journal of work and organizational psychology: the official journal of The European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, Band 29, Heft 1, S. 106-125
PurposeThis study aims to investigate the associations between organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), leader‐member exchange (LMX), perceived organizational justice, and similarity between subordinate and supervisor on the Big Five personality traits.Design/methodology/approachA research questionnaire was administered to 120 blue‐collar workers in a large industrial company in Israel. A structural equation model was conducted to test the proposed relations and mediating hypotheses.FindingsOCBs were found to be related to LMX and organizational justice. In addition, LMX was found to mediate the relationship between organizational justice and OCBs. Contrary to expectations, a negative correlation was found between personality similarity and LMX.Practical implicationsOrganizations may facilitate OCBs by improving LMX relationships and organizational justice. Supervisors should be encouraged to form high‐quality LMX relationships with dissimilar subordinates.Originality/valueThe study emphasizes the importance of LMX and organizational justice as motivational bases for OCBs. Among blue‐collar workers, LMX seems to be based on social exchange or reciprocity rather than attraction or personality similarity.
The International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences (ICESS)organized by Bucharest University of Economic Studies provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. The papers presented at the Conference are available online in the Conference Proceedings series (ISSN 2704-6524): Volume 2019 Collaborative Research for Excellence in Economics and Social Sciences, ISBN 9788366675322 Volume 2020 Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy, ISBN 9788395815072 This conference provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. We welcome both empirical and theoretical work that is broadly consistent with the conference' general theme. Especially, researchers, PhD students and practitioners are invited to submit papers on the topics related to new models in entrepreneurship and innovation, sustainability and education, data science and digitalization, marketing and finance, Fintech & Insurtech etc. that will develop innovative instruments for countries, businesses and education. The innovative models for sustainable development aim to ensure simultaneous economic development, social development, and environmental protection, to achieve a higher quality of life for all people and protect all living beings and the planet. The main topics of the conference are focused on but not limited to the following sections: Fintech & Insurtech - towards a sustainable financial environment The role of innovation in public and private organizations Financial perspectives in turbulent times Global Challenges for Agri-Food Systems and Sustainable Development Economic Policies for Non-Cyclical Crises Education for Sustainable Development: impact of universities on society Marketing and Sustainability The role of accounting in Sustainable Development Global world after crisis: towards a new economic model Sustainability for future business Current challenges within demographic data: measurement, collection, retrieval, analysis and reporting We welcome you to join us for two intensive days of plenary speeches and specialized parallel sessions debates that will result in high quality practical insights and networking. Scientific CommitteeACELEANU Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaALBU Lucian, Academia Romana, RomaniaANGHEL Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaARROYO GALLARDO Javier, Complutense University of Madrid, SpainAUSLOOS Marcel, Leicester University, United KingdomBEGALLI Diego, University of Verona, ItalyBELLINI Francesco, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyBRATOSIN Ștefan, Universite Montpellier 3, FranceCABANIS Andre, Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole, FranceCASTERAN Herbert, EM Strasbourg University, FranceCENȚIU Silvian, Retina Communications, San Francisco, USACERQUETI Roy, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyCHAVEZ Gilbert, Globis University Tokyo, JapanCOSTICÃ Ionela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaCOX Michael, London School of Economics, England, UKD'ASCENZO Fabrizio, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyDIMA Alina Mihaela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDÂRDALÃ Marian, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRESCU Dan Gabriel, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRU Ovidiu, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFELEAGÃ Liliana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFONSECA Luis Miguel, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalGARCÍA-GOÑI Manuel, Universitad Complutense de Madrid, SpainGIUDICI Paolo, The University of Pavia, ItalyGRUBOR Aleksandar, University of Novi Sad, SerbiaHÄRDLE Wolfgang Karl, Humboldt University of Berlin, GermanyHURDUZEU Gheorghe, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaISTUDOR Nicolae, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaKOKUSHO Kyoko, IBM Tokyo, JapanLOMBARDI Mariarosaria, University of Foggia, ItalyMEHMANPAZIR Babak, EM Strasbourg University, FranceMIRON Dumitru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNABIRUKHINA Anna Vadimovna, Saint Petersburg State University, RussiaNICA Elvira, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNIJKAMP Peter, Jeronimus Academy of Data Science Den Bosch, NetherlandsNOVO CORTI Maria Isabel, Universidade da Coruña, SpainORDÓÑEZ MONFORT Javier, Jaume I University, SpainPANETTA Roberto, Bocconi University, ItalyPARASCHIV Dorel Mihai, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPICATOSTE Xose, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, SpainPIROȘCÃ Grigore, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPOINT Sébastien, EM Strasbourg University, FrancePOPA Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPROFIROIU Marius Constantin, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaRICHMOND Peter, Trinity College Dublin, IrelandSÂRBU Roxana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSINGER Slavica, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, CroatiaSMEUREANU Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTAMULE Tãnase, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTATE Radu, University of Luxembourg, LuxembourgSTOIAN Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTRAT Vasile Alecsandru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTREET Donna, University of Dayton, USATEIXEIRA DOMINGUES José Pedro, University of Minho, PortugalȚIGU Gabriela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVALDEBENITO Carlos Ramirez, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, ChileVEGHEȘ Cãlin Petricã, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVERHOEF Peter, University of Groningen, NetherlandsVOLKMANN Christine Katharina, Schumpeter School of Business and Economics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, GermanyWALTER FARKAS Erich, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandWIERENGA Berend, Rotterdam School of Management, NetherlandsWOODS Michael, University of Aberystwyth, Wales, UKZIMMERMANN Klaus F., Bonn University (em.) end Global Labor Organization, Germany Open Access Statement These conference proceedings are Open Access proceedings that allow a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. Open Access License These conference proceedings provide immediate open access to its content under the Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0. Authors who publish with these proceedings retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. ABSTRACTING & INDEXING Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy is covered by the following services: Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) EBSCO Discovery Service Google Scholar Naviga (Softweco) Primo Central (ExLibris) ReadCube Summon (ProQuest) TDOne (TDNet) WorldCat (OCLC)