Suchergebnisse

This study investigates several recent research efforts which have concluded that participation or membership in international organizations by nations and by individuals has some impact on national support for "world order." It reanalyzes this earlier research utilizing a more parsimonious and more plausible explanation of national support for world order, namely the national attributes of the countries involved. It is concluded that even limiting the analysis to the national attributes of size, wealth, and type of political system provides as much explanation for national support for world order as participation in international organizations, and in some cases accounts for variation in support for world order that cannot be accounted for by participation in international organizations. Implications of these results are then broadened to other studies which use the nation-state as the unit of analysis.

TO PREDICT COMPARATIVE LEVELS OF VIOLENCE IN 2 SETS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS, 2 SYSTEMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DYADIC INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS ARE USED: POWER RELATIONSHIP & SD. THE DATA CONSIST OF 29 DYADS FROM R. J. RUMMEL ("A SOCIAL FIELD THEORY OF FOREIGN CONFLICT BEHAVIOR," PEACE RESEARCH SOCIETY, PAPERS, 1965, 4, 131-150) WHICH HAD CONFLICT DURING 1955-57 & 15 CONFLICTS FROM B. FITZSIMMONS ("THE ROLE OF VIOLENCE IN INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT," TECHNICAL REPORT #1, U OF SOTHERN CALIFORNIA, 1969, JAN) WHICH HAD SIMILAR CONFLICT. 4 MEASURES OF CONFLICT ARE USED IN THE RUMMEL DATA: (1) AN ORDINAL RANKING FROM 1 TO 6, (2) 4 FACTORS EXTRACTED FROM THE 12 DISCRETE CONFLICT MEASURES, (3) A MAGNITUDE RATING OF ALL 4 FACTORS, & (4) A WEIGHTED SCORE FOR EACH DYAD. 4 CONFLICT MEASURES ARE USED IN THE FITZSIMMONS DATA: (A) BATTLE CASUALTIES FROM BOTH COUNTRIES, (B) PHYSICALLY VIOLENT INTERACTIONS, (C) VERBALLY VIOLENT INTERACTIONS, & (D) A SCALED CONFLICT SCORE. LEVEL OF VIOLENCE IN THE 'CONFLICT SYSTEMS' IS MEASURED BY EVENTS OCCURRING BETWEEN THE 2 COUNTRIES IN CONFLICT; POWER RELATIONSHIP IS MEASURED BY POPULATION & ENERGY PRODUCTION; & SD IS MEASURED BY TRADE & MUTUAL MEMBERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. BY USING REGRESSION ANALYSES, MODERATE PROPORTIONS OF THE VARIATION IN OVERALL CONFLICT & DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFLICT CAN BE ACCOUNTED FOR BY THE 2 SYSTEMIC CHARACTERISTICS. THESE FINDINGS APPEAR IN ONLY 1 SET OF 15 CONFLICTS. 3 TABLES. MODIFIED HA.

Despite conventional wisdom to the contrary, researchers have failed to consistently find a relationship between acquaintance and interjudge agreement in perceptions of personality traits. One hundred and thirty-one participants divided into 29 small groups rated themselves and other
group members on seven personality traits three times over the course of six months with initial measures completed within the first week of acquaintance. Improving upon previous designs to include the initial acquaintance period revealed that agreement in judgments of group members'
emotional stability and conscientiousness increased within the first eight weeks of acquaintance. After eight weeks, agreement did not increase for any of the traits. Results are interpreted to bridge the gap between empirical findings and lay knowledge of the acquaintance process.