Suchergebnisse

Tannins are polyphenolic compounds historically utilized in textile and adhesive industries, but also in traditional human and animal medicines or foodstuffs. Since 20th-century, advances in analytical chemistry have allowed disclosure of the chemical nature of these molecules. The chemical profile of extracts obtained from previously selected species was investigated to try to establish a bridge between traditional background and scientific data. The study of the chemical composition of these extracts has permitted us to correlate the presence of tannins and other related molecules with the effectiveness of their apparent uses. The revision of traditional knowledge paired with scientific evidence may provide a supporting background on their use and the basis for developing innovative pharmacology and food applications based on formulations using natural sources of tannins. This traditional-scientific approach can result useful due to the raising consumers' demand for natural products in markets, to which tannin-rich extracts may pose an attractive alternative. Therefore, it is of interest to back traditional applications with accurate data while meeting consumer's acceptance. In this review, several species known to contain high amounts of tannins have been selected as a starting point to establish a correlation between their alleged traditional use, tannins content and composition and potential bioaccessibility. ; The research leading to these results was funded by FEDER under the program Interreg V-A Spain-Portugal (POPTEC) 2014–2020 ref. 0377_IBERPHENOL_6_E and ref. 0181_NANOEATERS_ 01_E; to Xunta de Galicia supporting with the Axudas Conecta Peme the IN852A 2018/58 NeuroFood Project and the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12; to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED—AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003) and by the Bio-Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBIJTI- 2019), the JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio-Based Industries Consortium. The project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (nº 696295). The research leading to these results was supported byMICINN supporting the Ramón&Cajal grant forM.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891) and the Juan de la Cierva_incorporación grant for P. Otero (IJCI-2016-27774); by Xunta de Galicia and the University of Vigo supporting the postdoctoral grant of M. Fraga-Corral (ED481B-2019/096), the pre-doctoral grant for P. García-Oliveira (ED481A-2019/295); to EcoChestnut Project (Erasmus+ KA202) that supports the work ofM. Carpena. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

During the last decades, olive oil consumption has experienced a continuous increase due to its unique organoleptic properties and its related beneficial properties. Consequently, waste and by-products derived from the olive production have also increased causing environmental problems and economic losses. However, the low-cost and huge availability of these by-products is an opportunity for their valorization and the obtaining of high added-value compounds such as tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol (HT), oleocanthal, oleuropein (OLE), ligstroside, squalene, fatty acids, etc. The development of innovative extraction and characterization technologies is a key factor for the olive sector. In addition, a deeper knowledge about the biological properties of the compounds present in the recovered products and their mechanism of action is crucial to allow their reintegration in the food chain and their potential uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Scope and approach: This review encompasses all these aspects showing the advances achieved to date in the olive oil by-products valorization focusing on their biological properties, including cardioprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. Key findings and conclusions: The by-products derived from the Olea europaea L. processing industry are secondary but valuable products, from which different biologically active molecules can be recovered by green extraction technologies (PLE, SFE, etc.) and reused for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes following the circular economy policies. One of the main advantages on recovering valuable molecules from olive by-products is their incorporation to functional foods. A direct effect was proved between the use of olive by-products in human consumption and the heath claims. In this context, different food industries have used the phenolic fraction of olive by-products, holding mostly HT and OLE, as food additives and as preserving agents due to their antioxidant properties. ; The research leading to these results was supported by MICINN supporting the Ram´on y Cajal grant for M.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891); by Xunta de Galicia for supporting the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12, the post-doctoral grant of M. Fraga-Corral (ED481B-2019/ 096), the pre-doctoral grants of P. Garcia-Oliveira (ED481A-2019/295) and M. Carpena (ED481A 2021/313), the program BENEFICIOS DO CONSUMO DAS ESPECIES TINTORERA–(CO–0019-2021) that supports the work of F. Chamorro and the program Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (GRUPO AA1-GRC 2018) that supports the work of J. Echave and M. Barral-Martinez . Authors are grateful to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED—AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003), to the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBI-JTI- 2019) that supports the work of P. Otero and P. Garcia-Perez. The JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio Based Industries Consortium. The project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERANET ERA-HDHL (n◦ 696295). Authors are grateful to the funding for open access charge: University of Vigo / CISUG. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

During human history, people have searched plant species to heal their diseases, elaborating different traditional remedies. Nowadays, numerous scientific studies have demonstrated the beneficial biological properties of several plants including species of Rosaceae familywhich appears in various ethnobotanical studies as one of the most used plants in traditional medicine Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Geum urbanum (L.) and Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch. are some plants of this family that have been employed in several traditional remedies, but their use is still limited nowadays [1]. The objective of this study was to different biological properties of these species, to potentiate their possible use in several biobased industrial applications. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by different in vitro assays: DPPH radical scavenging assay, TBARS, OXHLIA and reducing power. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by the inhibition of inflammation on RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Finally, antitumor activity was tested against four tumour cell lines: MCF-7, CaCo, AGS and NCI-H460. The results showed that all plant extracts had antioxidant effects in the selected assays, especially G. urbanum and P. erecta. Aditionally, P. erecta presented the best anti-inflammatory effect, with EC50 of 50 μg/mL extract. Finally, all the species presented cytotoxic effect against the cell lines, being P. erecta the most effective, with GI50 ranging from 13 to 61 μg/mL of extract. Considering these results, the three species showed promising potential as therapeutic alternatives based on the observed bioactive properties and can be utilised in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. ; The research leading to these results was supported by MICINN supporting the Ramón y Cajal grant for M.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891) and the Juan de la Cierva Formación grant for T. Oludemi (FJC2019-042549-I), by Xunta de Galicia for supporting the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12, the pre-doctoral grant of P. Garcia-Oliveira (ED481A-2019/295) and the program Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (GRUPO AA1-GRC 2018) that supports the work of M. Barral-Martinez and by EcoChestnut Project (Erasmus+ KA202) that supports the work of B. Nuñez-Estevez. Authors are grateful to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED—AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003), to the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBI-JTI-2019) that supports the work of P. Otero. The JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio Based Industries Consortium. The project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n° 696295). Authors are also grateful to Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to the CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). L. Barros, R. Calhelha, and J. Pinela (CEEC-IND/01011/2018) thank the national funding by FCT. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Nowadays, consumers are increasingly aware of the relationship between diet and health, showing a greater preference of products from natural origin. In the last decade, seaweeds have outlined as one of the natural sources with more potential to obtain bioactive carbohydrates. Numerous seaweed polysaccharides have aroused the interest of the scientific community, due to their biological activities and their high potential on biomedical, functional food and technological applications. To obtain polysaccharides from seaweeds, it is necessary to find methodologies that improve both yield and quality and that they are profitable. Nowadays, environmentally friendly extraction technologies are a viable alternative to conventional methods for obtaining these products, providing several advantages like reduced number of solvents, energy and time. On the other hand, chemical modification of their structure is a useful approach to improve their solubility and biological properties, and thus enhance the extent of their potential applications since some uses of polysaccharides are still limited. The present review aimed to compile current information about the most relevant seaweed polysaccharides, available extraction and modification methods, as well as a summary of their biological activities, to evaluate knowledge gaps and future trends for the industrial applications of these compounds. Key teaching points: Structure and biological functions of main seaweed polysaccharides. Emerging extraction methods for sulfate polysaccharides. Chemical modification of seaweeds polysaccharides. Potential industrial applications of seaweed polysaccharides. Biological activities, knowledge gaps and future trends of seaweed polysaccharides. ; The research leading to these results was supported by MICINN supporting the Ramón y Cajal grant for M.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891); by Xunta de Galicia for supporting the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12, the post-doctoral grant of M. Fraga-Corral (ED481B-2019/096), the pre-doctoral grant of P. Garcia-Oliveira (ED481A-2019/295) the program Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (GRUPO AA1-GRC 2018) that supports the work of J. Echave; by University of Vigo for supporting the predoctoral grant of M. Carpena (Uvigo-00VI 131H 6410211) and Becas de Fundación ONCE Programme "Oportunidad al Talento" to support the work of A. Soria-Lopez. Authors are grateful to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED— AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003), to the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBI-JTI-2019) that supports the work of P. Otero. The JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio Based Industries Consortium. The project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n° 696295). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Since the beginning of the 21st century, food products have been subjected to numerous tests to check their quality and presence of harmful agents. Nowadays, consumers awareness about food quality has increased dramatically, paying much attention to the identification of artificial additives, which are normally included as preservative ingredients, among others. This change is also represented in the food industry, where the use of natural food texturizers and preservatives has been replacing some commonly used artificial additives, thus motivating the search for new bioactive compounds from natural sources. Among such bioactive compounds, plant secondary metabolites, in special phenolic compounds, have been largely reported for their health-enhancing properties and preservative effect. In this study, a phytochemical and nutritional characterization of three species from the Amaranthaceae family (Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R., Dicliptera chinensis (L.) Juss. and Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants) was performed. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity to tumour and non-tumour cell lines were also evaluated using different methodologies. The results showed a high content of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract of the three species, ranging 11.4 – 15.1 mg/g extract, with apigenin, luteolin and isorhamnetin derivatives being the most abundant compounds. On the other hand, the results from nutritional analysis showed a high protein content in the species studied (13.9- 16.9 ± 0.1 g/100 g of dry weight, dw), together with the presence of organic acids, such as oxalic and succinic acids. Concerning the reported bioactivities of the plant extracts, the results for cytotoxic activity showed GI50 values ranging from 263 ± 12 μg/mL to 188 ± 14 μg/mL towards different tumor cell lines (colon carcinoma, Caco-2; breast adenocarcinoma, MCF-7; and non-small cell lung, NCI-H460) and no cytotoxic activity in the control cell line (Vero). Moreover, with respect to antimicrobial activity, the A. sessilis extract showed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 5 mg/mL against Morganella morganii, as well as the D. abrosioides extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the antioxidant activity determined by the oxidative haemolysis assay (OxHLIA), the D. abrosioides extract showed an IC50 of 66 ± 10 μg/mL. Overall, these results suggest that ethanolic extracts from the characterized Amaranthaceae species, exhibiting a high bioactive potential, can be considered as promising natural ingredients or additives in the food industry. ; The research leading to these results was funded by Xunta de Galicia supporting the Axudas Conecta Peme, the IN852A 2018/58 NeuroFood Project and the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12; to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology (CYTED—AQUA-CIBUS, P317RT0003) and to the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 888003 UP4HEALTH Project (H2020-BBI-JTI-2019); by MICINN supporting the Ramón y Cajal grant for M.A. Prieto (RYC-2017-22891); by EcoChestnut Project (Erasmus+ KA202) that supports the work of B. Nuñez-Estevez. The JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the Bio Based Industries Consortium. The project SYSTEMIC Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (n° 696295). To the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to the CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). L. Barros and R. Calhelha thank the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for their contracts, and J. Pinela (CEECIND/01011/2018) through the individual scientific employment program-contract. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion