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Working paper
"Last-Place Aversion": Evidence and Redistributive Implications
In: NBER Working Paper No. w17234
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Aid in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Inferences of Secondary Emotions and Intergroup Helping
In: Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 107-118
This research examines inferences about the emotional states of ingroup and outgroup victims after a natural disaster, and whether these inferences predict intergroup helping. Two weeks after Hurricane Katrina struck the southern United States, White and non-White participants were asked to infer the emotional states of an individualized Black or White victim, and were asked to report their intentions to help such victims. Overall, participants believed that an outgroup victim experienced fewer secondary, 'uniquely human' emotions (e.g. anguish, mourning, remorse) than an ingroup victim. The extent to which participants did infer secondary emotions about outgroup victims, however, predicted their helping intentions; in other words, those participants who did not dehumanize outgroup victims were the individuals most likely to report intentions to volunteer for hurricane relief efforts. This investigation extends prior research by: (1) demonstrating infraglobalhumanization of individualized outgroup members (as opposed to aggregated outgroups); (2) examining infrahumanization via inferred emotional states (as opposed to attributions of emotions as stereotypic traits); and (3) identifying a relationship between infra-humanization of outgroup members and reduced intergroup helping.
A Preference for Revision Absent Objective Improvement
In: Harvard Business School NOM Unit Working Paper No. 19-087
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'Repayment-by-Purchase' Helps Consumers to Reduce Credit Card Debt
In: Harvard Business School Marketing Unit Working Paper No. 21-060
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The Not‐So‐Common‐Wealth of Australia: Evidence for a Cross‐Cultural Desire for a More Equal Distribution of Wealth
In: Analyses of social issues and public policy, Band 14, Heft 1, S. 339-351
ISSN: 1530-2415
Recent evidence suggests that Americans underestimate wealth inequality in the United States and favor a more equal wealth distribution (Norton & Ariely, ). Does this pattern reflect ideological dynamics unique to the United States, or is the phenomenon evident in other developed economies—such as Australia? We assessed Australians' perceived and ideal wealth distributions and compared them to the actual wealth distribution. Although the United States and Australia differ in the degree of actual wealth inequality and in cultural narratives around economic mobility, the Australian data closely replicated the United States findings. Misperceptions of wealth inequality as well as preferences for more equal distributions may be common across developed economies. In addition, beliefs about wealth distribution only weakly predicted support for raising the minimum wage, suggesting that attitudes toward inequality may not translate into preferences for redistributive policies.
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Invisible Inequality Leads to Punishing the Poor and Rewarding the Rich
In: Citation: O. P. Hauser, G. Kraft-Todd, D. G. Rand, M. A. Nowak, M. I. Norton (2019). Invisible Inequality Leads to Punishing the Poor and Rewarding the Rich. Behavioural Public Policy, 1-21.
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Working paper
Invisible inequality leads to punishing the poor and rewarding the rich
In: Behavioural public policy: BPP, Band 5, Heft 3, S. 333-353
ISSN: 2398-0648
AbstractFour experiments examine how lack of awareness of inequality affect behaviour towards the rich and poor. In Experiment 1, participants who became aware that wealthy individuals donated a smaller percentage of their income switched from rewarding the wealthy to rewarding the poor. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants who played a public goods game – and were assigned incomes reflective of the US income distribution either at random or on merit – punished the poor (for small absolute contributions) and rewarded the rich (for large absolute contributions) when incomes were unknown; when incomes were revealed, participants punished the rich (for their low percentage of income contributed) and rewarded the poor (for their high percentage of income contributed). In Experiment 4, participants provided with public education contributions for five New York school districts levied additional taxes on mostly poorer school districts when incomes were unknown, but targeted wealthier districts when incomes were revealed. These results shed light on how income transparency shapes preferences for equity and redistribution. We discuss implications for policy-makers.
Consumers Value Effort over Ease When Caring for Close Others
In: Journal of consumer research: JCR ; an interdisciplinary journal, Band 48, Heft 6, S. 970-990
ISSN: 1537-5277
AbstractMany products and services are designed to make caregiving easier, from premade meals for feeding families to robo-cribs that automatically rock babies to sleep. Yet, using these products may come with a cost: consumers may feel they have not exerted enough effort. Nine experiments show that consumers feel like better caregivers when they put more effort into caregiving tasks than when they use effort-reducing products to perform such tasks. The beneficial effect of effort on caregivers' self-perceptions is driven by the symbolic meaning of caregiving (i.e., the task's ability to show love) independent of the quality of care provided (i.e., the task's ability to meet needs) and is most pronounced when expressing symbolic meaning is most important: when caregivers are providing emotional support rather than physical support, when they are caring for another person with whom they have a close relationship, and when there is a relationship norm that investing effort shows love. Finally, this work demonstrates that marketers can make effort-reducing products more appealing by acknowledging caregivers' efforts rather than emphasizing how these products make caregiving less effortful. Together, these findings expand our current understanding of effort, caregiving, and consumer choice in close relationships.
The Asymmetric Experience of Positive and Negative Economic Growth: Global Evidence Using Subjective Well-Being Data
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 8914
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Prosocial Spending and Well-Being: Cross-Cultural Evidence for a Psychological Universal
In: NBER Working Paper No. w16415
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Behavioral Research and Empirical Modeling of Marketing Channels: Implications for Both Fields and a Call for Future Research
In: Marketing Letters 21(3):301-315 Sep 2010 http://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-010-9109-y
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Behavioral research and empirical modeling of marketing channels: Implications for both fields and a call for future research
In: Marketing Letters March 2010, Band 21
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