Suchergebnisse

This paper resumes the fundamental motives of an important discussion in the realm of culture: the nature of cultural rights. To think about the phenomenon of cultural rights as a problem of access to the entertainment industries, would be but a poor view of the real issue. Therefore, the author brings the discussion out from the juridical frame into the more comprehensive realm of politics and epistemology, in order to underline a critical posture concerning the issue of accessing to culture as if to a merchandise, and to bolster the alternative of acknowledging culture as an epistemological problem, from the category of representation. ; El texto retoma los motivos fundamentales de una discusión importante en el ámbito de la cultura: la naturaleza de los derechos culturales. Pensar el fenómeno del derecho cultural como un problema de acceso a las industrias del entretenimiento y la diversión insertadas en la sociedad mercantil, es una mirada pobre del problema. Por ello el autor saca la discusión del marco jurídico para ponerlo en dos ámbitos más amplios: lo político y lo epistemológico. Para subrayar una postura crítica con respecto al problema del acceso a la cultura como mercancía y promover una alternativa de reconocer la cultura como problema epistemológico desde la categoría de la representación. ; O texto retoma os motivos fundamentais de uma importante discussão no âmbito da cultura: a natureza dos direitos culturais. Pensar o fenômeno do direito cultural como um problema de aceso às indústrias do entretenimento e da diversão inseridas na sociedade mercantil, é uma visão pobre do problema. O autor, portanto, tira a discussão do marco jurídico para colocá-la em dois âmbitos mais amplos: o político e o epistemológico.Para sublinhar uma postura crítica em relação ao problema do acesso à cultura como mercadoria e promover uma alternativa de reconhecer a cultura como problema epistemológico desde a categoria da representação.

We assess whether international remittances affect Colombian household's expenditure composition and demand of education. We exploit the migratory wave and institutional barriers to migration that occurred during the late 1990s, identifying the effect of remittances on expenditure composition. The findings suggest a positive effect on education, with beneficiary households spending about 10 percent more of total expenditure on education than non-beneficiary households. In contrast, no effect was found on enrolment rates. However, the analysis indicates an important effect on the probability of attending a private, rather than a public educational institution. Additionally, this study finds no effects on consumption, investment and health expenditure, although remittances do have salient effects on living standards.

Hoy en día, las empresas que son consideradas exitosas no son necesariamente aquellas que generan las mayores utilidades, sino las que demuestran su liderazgo a través de un adecuado manejo de sus aspectos laborales, ambientales y sociales. El presente trabajo caracteriza el aporte del mercado al cumplimiento de la responsabilidad social empresarial en las empresas de servicios públicos de Manizales con el fin de demostrar que la inversión en mercadeo de estas organizaciones debe verse reflejada en la creación de valor para la empresa y para la sociedad. / Abstract: Nowadays, the companies that are considered successful are not necessarily tose that generate the greater utilities, are those that demostrate their leadership through a suitable handing of their labor enviromental and social aspects. The present work characterizes the contribution of the marketing to the fulfillment of the Enterprise Social Responsibility in the Public Services Companies of Manizales in order to demonstrate that the investment in marketing of these organizations has to turn reflected in the creation of value for the company and for the society. ; Maestría

A study based on a F sent to 22 Brazilian soc sci periodicals, divided as follows: 12 deal with the soc sells in general, 4 with anthrop, 4 with law, 4 with admin, 3 with pol'al sci, 1 with history, 1 with sociol, & 5 with a variety of disciplines. Editorial arrangements are described; in all but 4 cases the directors of the instit's publishing the reviews handle the editorial work. 10 periodicals have an editorial board & some have panels of readers. All the periodicals are the organs of the instit's which publish them. Staff is minimal, indicative of the periodicals' dependence on instit's, even when they are published by the private sector. None of the periodicals has succeeded in covering the costs of publication, but in some instances certain of them receive subventions from the federal or state gov's or are distributed free. Periodicals are classified according to N of pp per yr & space allocation. Coverage is led by articles concerned with the publication of res reports, followed by theoretical articles, retrospective accounts of work done in a specific field, policy-oriented articles & more general articles. Only 1 periodical specializing in sociol publishes regular articles in foreign languages. Circulation trends & data are presented. It is concluded that soc sci periodicals in Brazil give evidence of great vitality; this, however, is due to the close relationship between them & the director of the instit which publishes them rather than to their relations with their readers. None of the periodicals can boast of a financial situation enabling it to survive commercially. The considerable extent of what practically amounts to personal activity on the one hand & econ instability on the other results in the appearance & disappearance of periodicals consequent on the resignation of the particular director or the temporary lack of funds from subventions. The development of a readers' market would undoubtedly help to change this situation during the yrs ahead. E. Weiman.

This paper studies the effects of an in utero program on birth outcomes for
vulnerable pregnant women. We use information from the Buen Comienzo program, an
initiative run by the local government of Medellín, the second-largest city of Colombia.
To identify the effects, we obtain matching estimates using data from program
participants and national birth statistics. We find that the program increased the birth
weight of participant children by 0.09 and 0.23 standard deviations for boys and girls,
respectively, and reduced the prevalence of low birth weight by 2.6 and 4.6 percentage
points for boys and girls, respectively. In terms of size, the program reduces the
incidence of being short by 3 and 4 percentage points, for boys and girls, respectively.
The program also significantly reduced preterm births between 3 and 8 percentage points.
We also provide evidence of the existence of heterogeneous effects depending on a
mother's exposure to the program and her frequency of attendance. Finally, an estimate
of the cost-benefit ratio of the program suggests that the benefits could be two to six
times the costs, respectively, for boys and girls born to participant mothers with early
exposure to the program. JEL Classifications: I38, J13, J18

Este trabajo busca: brindar un mejor conocimiento de las opciones de rentabilidad y riesgo brindadas por las 32 acciones que componen el Índice de la Bolsa de Medellín (IBOMED), para el período 1990-1992, y establecer los principales cambios que han presentado estas opciones durante la década al compararlas con las del período 1979-1981. Una vez planteado el problema de portafolios para inversionistas con funciones de utilidad esperada definidas en sus dos primeros momentos centrales, se resuelve el problema cuadrático que el mismo genera para encontrar las fronteras de portafolios eficientes con base en las acciones que componen IBOMED.

This detailed volume explores numerous multidisciplinary approaches employed to analyze the role of different molecules or strategies used by different guests to survive inside hosts. Divided into several sections, the book delves into animal-pathogen interaction, microbe-microbe interaction, as well as plant-pathogen interaction. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.uthoritative and practical, Host-Pathogen Interactions: Methods and Protocols provides many molecular and bioinformatics techniques currently in use at reputed laboratories in countries all around the world, vital for many kinds of host-pathogen interactions studies