Suchergebnisse

1. Good Histories2. Universal Histories and Virtue Ethics3. Collective Biographies and Utilitarian Ethics4. Philosophical World Histories and Deontological Ethics5. Little World Histories and Sentiment Ethics6. Global Histories and Cosmopolitan Ethics7. Microhistories and Social Contract Ethics8. Slice Histories and Infinite Ethics9. Big Histories and Information Ethics10. Non-Human Histories and Entanglement Ethics11. Indigenous Histories and Place Ethics with Anne Martin12. One Angel? Scaling the Ethics of History

Adolescent childbearing has received decreasing attention from academics and policymakers in recent years, which may in part reflect the decline in its incidence. Another reason may be its uncoupling from nonmarital childbearing. Adolescent childbearing became problematized only when it began occurring predominantly outside marriage. In recent decades, there have been historic rises in the rate of nonmarital childbearing, and importantly, the rise has been steeper among older mothers than among adolescent mothers. Today, two out of five births are to unmarried women, and the majority of these are to adults, not adolescents. Nonmarital childbearing is in and of itself associated with lower income and poorer maternal and child outcomes. However, unmarried adolescent mothers might face more difficulties than unmarried adult mothers due to their developmental status, education, living arrangements, and long-term prospects for work. If this is true, then the focus on adolescent mothers ought to continue. We suggest several facets of adolescent motherhood deserving of further study, and recommend that future research use unmarried mothers in their early 20s as a realistic comparison group.

Despite some progress, there is still evidence of discrimination on the grounds of gender and ethnic or racial origins in OECD labour markets. Field experiments show pervasive ethnic discrimination in many countries. We show indirect cross-country/time-series evidence that, using product market regulation as an instrument, suggests that on average at least 8% of the gender employment gap and a larger proportion of the gender wage gap can be attributed to discrimination. Virtually all OECD countries have enacted anti-discrimination laws in recent decades, and evaluations as well as cross-country analysis suggest that, if well-designed, these laws can be effective in reducing disparities in labour market outcomes. However, enforcement of anti-discrimination legislation is essentially based on victims' willingness to claim their rights. Thus, public awareness of legal rules and their expected consequences (notably, victims' costs and benefits of lodging complaints) is a crucial element of an effective policy strategy to establish a culture of equal treatment. However, legal rules are likely to have more impact if the enforcement is not exclusively dependent on individuals. In this respect, specific agencies may play a key role.

One viral video emerging from the January 6th, 2021 attempted insurrection showed a White woman crying about being maced upon her unlawful entry into the U.S. Capitol. We used intersectional and critical discourse methods to analyze 127 Twitter replies to the video constructing the Revolution Elizabeth meme. Twitter users alluded to popular culture to garner shared understanding and used sarcasm to interrogate White women's privileges, often in contrast to the treatment of Black people. Absent from replies were nuanced considerations of racialized sexism. We argue that the discursive use of humor undercut the agentive possibilities associated with the meme.