Suchergebnisse

Dieses Working Paper zeigt Wege auf, wie völkerrechtlich verbindliche Regeln im Bereich der Cyber-Sicherheit entwickelt werden können. Wichtige Wegmarken können dabei nichtbindende Normen darstellen; auch aus Völkergewohnheitsrecht – besonders dem Kooperationsgebot – lassen sich präventive Schutzpflichten für Staaten ('due diligence') ableiten. Diesen präventiven Schutzpflichten müssen Staaten mit gemeinsamem Handeln zur Hebung von Cyber-Sicherheit gerecht werden. Um langfristig Rechts-sicherheit zu schaffen und Cyber-Sicherheit ganzheitlich zu fördern, führt aber kein Weg am Abschluss eines verbindlichen Übereinkommens über Cyber-Sicherheit vorbei.

"When European societies win the fight against Covid-19, a democratic reckoning will start. This book explains why. Have democracies successfully mastered the challenges of the pandemic? How has the Corona virus impacted democratic principles, processes and values? At the heels of the worst public health crisis in living memory, this book shines an unforgiving light on the side-lining of parliaments, the ruling by governmental decrees and the disenfranchisement of the people in the name of fighting Covid-19. Pandemocracy in Europe situates the dramatic impact of Covid-19, and the fight against the virus, on Europe's democracies. Throughout its 20 contributions the book sets the theoretical stage and answers the democratic questions engaged by health emergencies. Eight national case studies - UK, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, France and Estonia - show, each time with a pronounced focus on a particular element of democracy, how different states reacted to the pandemic. The book also shifts the analytical gaze beyond the nation state towards international settings, looking at the effects on the European Union and considering the impact on the nationalistic and populist movements. Bridging disciplines and uniting a stellar cast of scholars on democracy, rule of law and constitutionalism, the book provides contours and nuances to a year of debates in political science, international relations and law on the impact of the virus on democracies. In times of uncertainty, Pandemocracy in Europe provides analysis and answers to the democratic challenges of the coronavirus."--

This open access book explains why a democratic reckoning will start when European societies win the fight against COVID-19. Have democracies successfully mastered the challenges of the pandemic? How has the coronavirus impacted democratic principles, processes and values? At the heels of the worst public health crisis in living memory, this book shines an unforgiving light on the side-lining of parliaments, the ruling by governmental decrees and the disenfranchisement of the people in the name of fighting COVID-19. Pandemocracy in Europe situates the dramatic impact of COVID-19, and the fight against the virus, on Europe's democracies. Throughout its 17 contributions the book sets the theoretical stage and answers the democratic questions engaged by health emergencies. Seven national case studies - UK, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, and France - show, each time with a pronounced focus on a particular element of democracy, how different states reacted to the pandemic. The book also shifts the analytical gaze beyond the nation state towards international settings, looking at the effects on the European Union and considering the impact on populist movements. Bridging disciplines and uniting a stellar cast of scholars on democracy, rule of law and constitutionalism, the book provides contours and nuances to a year of debates in political science, international relations and law on the impact of the virus on democracies. In times of uncertainty, Pandemocracy in Europe provides analysis and answers to the democratic challenges of the coronavirus.

This open access book explains why a democratic reckoning will start when European societies win the fight against COVID-19. Have democracies successfully mastered the challenges of the pandemic? How has the coronavirus impacted democratic principles, processes and values? At the heels of the worst public health crisis in living memory, this book shines an unforgiving light on the side-lining of parliaments, the ruling by governmental decrees and the disenfranchisement of the people in the name of fighting COVID-19. Pandemocracy in Europe situates the dramatic impact of COVID-19, and the fight against the virus, on Europe's democracies. Throughout its 17 contributions the book sets the theoretical stage and answers the democratic questions engaged by health emergencies. Seven national case studies – UK, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, and France – show, each time with a pronounced focus on a particular element of democracy, how different states reacted to the pandemic. The book also shifts the analytical gaze beyond the nation state towards international settings, looking at the effects on the European Union and considering the impact on populist movements. Bridging disciplines and uniting a stellar cast of scholars on democracy, rule of law and constitutionalism, the book provides contours and nuances to a year of debates in political science, international relations and law on the impact of the virus on democracies. In times of uncertainty, Pandemocracy in Europe provides analysis and answers to the democratic challenges of the coronavirus. ; Version of record

Projekt "Plattform Governance im Superwahljahr 2021": Im Vorfeld der Bundestagswahl 2021 hat ein Team des HBI Echtzeitdaten darüber gesammelt, wie Online-Plattformen die auf ihnen stattfindende Kommunikation regeln, wie Gesetze und lokale Standards interagieren und sich die Praktiken der Plattformen im Schatten der EU-Regulierung in der aufgeheizten Atmosphäre der Bundestagswahl verändern. Das Projekt wurde von reset.tech gefördert. Eine Artikel-Serie auf dem Media Research Blog des HBI begleitete die Recherchen und informierte laufend über deren Ergebnisse. Einige der Blog-Artikel werden hier im Arbeitspapier zweitveröffentlicht.

Projekt "Plattform Governance im Superwahljahr 2021": Im Vorfeld der Bundestagswahl 2021 hat ein Team des HBI Echtzeitdaten darüber gesammelt, wie Online-Plattformen die auf ihnen stattfindende Kommunikation regeln, wie Gesetze und lokale Standards interagieren und sich die Praktiken der Plattformen im Schatten der EU-Regulierung in der aufgeheizten Atmosphäre der Bundestagswahl verändern. Das Projekt wurde von reset.tech gefördert. Eine Artikel-Serie auf dem Media Research Blog des HBI begleitete die Recherchen und informierte laufend über deren Ergebnisse. Einige der Blog-Artikel werden hier im Arbeitspapier zweitveröffentlicht.

Im Dezember 2020 hat die Europäische Union (EU) ihre neue Strategie zur Cybersicherheit vorgelegt mit dem Ziel, Europas technologische und digitale Souveränität zu stärken. Das Dokument listet Reformvorhaben auf, die die Cybersicherheit enger mit den neuen EU-Regeln zu Daten, Algorithmen, Märkten und Internetdiensten ver­binden sollen. Eindeutig zu kurz geraten ist dabei jedoch der Aufbau einer europäischen Cyberdiplomatie, die sowohl der 'strategischen Offenheit' als auch dem Schutz des digitalen Bin­nenmarktes verpflichtet ist. Um dies zu erreichen, sollte die EU-Cyberdiplomatie in ihrer supranationalen, demokratischen und wirtschaftlichen bzw. technologischen Dimension kohärenter ausgestaltet werden. Deutschland kann hierzu einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten, indem es dem Europäischen Auswärtigen Dienst (EAD) die notwendigen rechtlichen, fachlichen und finanziellen Ressourcen zur Verfügung stellt.

In December 2020, the European Union (EU) presented its new strategy on cybersecurity with the aim of strengthening Europe's technological and digital sovereignty. The document lists reform projects that will link cybersecurity more closely with the EU's new rules on data, algorithms, markets, and Internet services. However, it clearly falls short of the development of a European cyber diplomacy that is committed to both 'strategic openness' and the protection of the digital single market. In order to achieve this, EU cyber diplomacy should be made more coherent in its supranational, demo­cratic, and economic/technological dimensions. Germany can make an important contribution to that by providing the necessary legal, technical, and financial resources for the European External Action Service (EEAS).

In January 2021, a great "deplatforming" took place: Numerous internet platforms suspended the accounts of Donald Trump and his supporters. Private power over public speech is often contested, but the conflicts are magnified when this power is asserted over parties, political candidates and office holders that function as focal points for public debates. While most platforms' terms of use and enforcement systems are global, opinions relating to any preferential treatment of speech by well-known political figures and office holders vary across national political and legal contexts. This study examines the interplay between these national conceptions and global private ordering systems by synthesizing answers to nine questions submitted by more than 30 researchers from 15 countries within the GDHR Network. It provides a first overview of how societies and governments conceive of and react to private power over political actors.

Parliaments set the rules for democracies. Platforms rule their private online spaces. But as online spaces become ever more important for democratic discourse, we ask ourselves: Can we make platforms more democratic? We believe Social Media Councils may be the solution to make platform rule-making and rule-enforcement more accountable, transparent, and legitimate.