Environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides and effects on cognitive functions in elementary school children in a Middle Eastern area
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 51, S. 111076-111091
ISSN: 1614-7499
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 51, S. 111076-111091
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Reviews on environmental health, Band 38, Heft 3, S. 493-510
ISSN: 2191-0308
Abstract
Hazardous organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene (known as BTEX) found at work and at home can cause adverse health effects of human beings throughout their lives. Biological monitoring, an exposure assessment method, considers all exposed organic and non-organic compounds. Our goal was to perform a systematic review and a statistical analysis (meta-analysis) of peer-reviewed publications to assess urinary concentrations of BTEX biomarkers in both occupationally-exposed population and the general population. Several major electronic databases, including Scopus, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Google scholar (grey literature), were searched for biomonitoring studies of BTEX. Overall, 33 studies met the eligible criteria for the systematic review and six met the full inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, we included studies in which unmetabolized BTEX compounds were measured in urine samples. Due to insufficient data, studies that measured BTEX metabolites in urine samples and unmetabolized BTEX compounds in blood samples were excluded from the meta-analysis but were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis. Most studies showed increased urinary concentrations of BTEX in exposed individuals (mainly workers) compared to unexposed individuals. The results showed that the highest total BTEX concentrations were recorded in painters and policemen. This study showed that the undoubted associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and urinary levels of BTEX or its metabolites have not yet been confirmed in current biomonitoring studies. This is attributed to the few studies reported in this research area, the lack of homogeneous information, and the disagreement in the published results of the studies.
In: Air quality, atmosphere and health: an international journal, Band 15, Heft 4, S. 707-719
ISSN: 1873-9326
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 27, Heft 35, S. 44519-44527
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 21, Heft 12, S. 7319-7328
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 28, Heft 38, S. 53116-53126
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 22, Heft 8, S. 6288-6297
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 23, Heft 2, S. 1820-1832
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 23, Heft 24, S. 25065-25073
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 22, Heft 20, S. 16014-16021
ISSN: 1614-7499