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To explore and increase the understanding of man-machine relationships, an instrument designed to assess attitudes toward machines was developed and tested in this study. The scaling techniques used in the instrument were based on the work of Charles Osgood with the Semantic Differential. One hundred subjects, consisting of professionals experienced with various machine systems, i.e., programmers, engineers, human factor and operations research scientists, were asked to describe the characteristics of ten machines (Radio, Radar, Automobile, Man, Computer, Teletype, Bulldozer, Bicycle, Welding Torch, and Watch), by means of forty-two adjectives. The results indicate that the developed instrument can be used effectively for the assessment of man-machine attitudes. The hypothesized attitudes toward control and power, toward machines as an extension of man's capabilities, and toward change did emerge; however, typical Osgood factor patterns were not obtained in most of the analyses. The steps for modification of the test instrument and validation of it against performance criteria were discussed.

"This new and updated second edition of Captured Justice accounts for legislation and government policy changes at all levels-tribal, federal, state, and local-that have affected the operation of Public Law 280 and its regime of state criminal jurisdiction within parts of Indian country. Among other developments, it incorporates the findings and recommendations of the 2013 report of the Indian Law and Order Commission, advances by Tribes and states in achieving greater intergovernmental cooperation, and new writings on criminal justice that suggest additional grounds for questioning the efficacy of Public Law 280 and additional ways of mitigating its adverse impacts on tribal communities. Although the research presented in this book could not be redone, its findings are still relevant because the fundamental problems associated with Public Law 280 as a nonconsensual, under-resourced regime remain"--

"A collection of essays, framed with original introductions, Reproduction and Society: Interdisciplinary Readings helps students to think critically about reproduction as a social phenomenon. Divided into six rich and varied sections, this book offers students and instructors a broad overview of the social meanings of reproduction and offers opportunities to explore significant questions of how resources are allocated, individuals are regulated, and how very much is at stake as people and communities aim to determine their own family size and reproductive experiences. This is an ideal core text for courses on reproduction and sexuality"--

"This book tells the real story of abortion in America, one that captures a disturbing reality of sometimes insurmountable barriers put in front of women trying to exercise their legal rights to medical services. Without the efforts of an unheralded army of doctors, nurses, social workers, activists, and volunteers, what is a legal right would be meaningless for the almost one million people per year who get abortions. There is a better way-treating abortion like any other form of health care-but the United States is a long way from that ideal"--

NAPA Bulletin is a peer reviewed occasional publication of the National Association for the Practice of Anthropology, dedicated to the practical problem-solving and policy applications of anthropological knowledge and methods.peer reviewed publication of the National Association for the Practice of Anthropologydedicated to the practical problem-solving and policy applications of anthropological knowledge and methodsmost editions available for course adoption

This chapt er examines the major themes in the chapters that compromise this volume by discussing how the practice of anthropology across nations and regions of the world is changing as a result of globalization. Several themes are delineated that reflect a unity of purpose and concern about the development and structure of practicing and policy anthropology in the 21st century. Divergent viewpoints among the chapters are also examined. Through comparing and contrasting the major points of the chapters, four major interconnected themes are discussed. They are: 1) local/global transformations: challenge to the traditional; 2) the power of practicing anthropology in local/global contexts; 3) academic and practicing transformations, and 4) the closing gap between colonized and colonizer nations. These themes have important implications for the future of global practice and present challenges to the organization and uses of the products of anthropological inquiry.

This chapter is a reflective essay that explores the contextual influences upon the naming and non‐naming of applied anthropology in different nations and regions of the world. Using a historical and comparative method, the chapter is deliberately designed to present a perspective that does not originate from or end up in the United States. By comparing diverse contexts chronologically, the chapter suggests alternative ways of understanding the reasons why applied and practicing anthropology have evolved so distinctively in different places. The chapter suggests that applied and practicing anthropology, indeed all of anthropology, is inextricably bound to its historical and cultural contexts, meaning that there are important differences in the way the discipline is understood and practiced across different nations and regions. Moreover, historical shifts in context have resulted in important changes in the way the discipline is practiced over time. The chapter also argues that if processes of globalization are indeed transforming the nature of connectedness and boundaries across nations, then there are consequences for the distinctive forms of applied and practicing anthropology observed across nations, with an emphasis on those in the United States. The authors postulate that some of the differences observed between applied and practicing anthropology in the United States and elsewhere are beginning to blur, and that the unique model of applied anthropology that developed in the United States during the last quarter of the 20th century is destined to be transformed into one that is more integrated into the mainstream of the discipline and, indeed, into all of global anthropology.

This article argues for the utility of cognitive decision modeling in assessing regional patterns of health behavior and, when combined with the explanatory modeling approach, in describing and analyzing more effectively sources of intracultural variation in choice within a region. A decision model developed in two intensively studied communities in rural Costa Rica was used to predict treatment choice in a third one representative of the rapid social change occurring in the region. A subsequent analysis of the errors made in prediction pinpointed patterns of intracultural variation that were then investigated from the explanatory model perspective. The incorporation of these more qualitative data into the original decision model made it more sensitive to both the complexities of the decision context and the specifics of the individual illness experience while also enabling greater accuracy in the prediction of regional patterns of treatment choice.