Suchergebnisse

This article builds on long-term research looking at violence against women in both war and peace, and recently gathered data regarding persistent failure to use policy as a tool to reduce such violence in Peru. The research shows that impunity and tolerance for violence against women persists despite a state that has actively intervened to eradicate such violence for some twenty years. Including the state as perpetrator of violence in the analysis of impunity helps understand the failure of policy and legislation. Moreover, the notion of patriarchy allows us to look at a historically shaped male-centered and sexist organization of state and society, and helps understand the ambiguities in contemporary policy and legislation.

ABSTRACTThis article shows how poor people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania navigate a myriad of actors, agencies and organizations to obtain the aid they need to survive. It focuses on community‐based organizations which establish networks of care through which people obtain care, treatment and financial support. A case study of a roadside town in Tanzania illustrates that these community‐based networks of care — essential to the survival of many — are partly the product of the AIDS industry, which encourages the establishment of community‐based organizations and voluntary service delivery rather than more formalized systems of care. Community‐based organizations, however, are so poorly supported that they often deploy self‐destructive strategies. The need to strategically navigate the AIDS industry creates tension and even conflict among HIV‐positive activists, the people they represent and the wider community, which undermines rather than strengthens community‐based interventions. Whilst the AIDS industry promises inclusion of HIV‐positive people in the response to HIV/AIDS, it succeeds only partially, with the result that it may potentially do more harm than good.

Utilizando el conflicto político en el Perú (1980-2000) como estudio de caso, en este trabajo sostengo que el hecho de entender la violación como arma de guerra oculta otros regímenes de violación que tuvieron lugar durante el conflicto armado interno y que no encajan necesariamente con esta definición.Estas prácticas incluyen la violación como consumo, la violación oportunista, la violación perpetrada por vecinos o miembros de la familia, la prostitución forzada y la violación en el periodo posterior a la guerra. Dejar de lado las formas de violencia sexual que no encajan en el discurso establecido de «la violación como arma de guerra» obstaculiza gravemente el potencial poder transformativo de losprocesos de justicia transicional, pues permite que continúe la violencia (sexual) contra las mujeres y que esta mantenga y que se perpetúen las jerarquías basadas en género, raza y clase.