Suchergebnisse

The article presents the results of the study of methods and approaches for assessing uncompleted construction objects taking into account their technical condition. It contains a survey of various factors which may affect decision-making in matters concerning their further use. The authors present various approaches to determine the value of the uncompleted construction objects and to provide a clear description of such objects according to a number of definite parameters which take into consideration the technical condition of each, the degree of their preparedness, the period of their being in caretaker status, etc. The survey of research works highlights the need for improvements in the existing methods of assessing uncompleted construction objects as well as those of evaluating the variants of their sale. The authors present the basic approaches to the method they develop of assessing the uncompleted construction objects of military infrastructure and the measures to improve the existing techniques. They determine the consistence of resolution of the problem to define the main criteria for assessing the options for the disposition of objects of uncompleted construction of military infrastructure for the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. The main criteria that most fully disclose the specificity of uncompleted construction objects of military infrastructure including special purpose facilities have been identified and allow assessing the options for the disposition of these objects within power structures and security services.

This article is devoted to the study and analysis of the use of the possibilities of decorative and applied art in the formation of aesthetic taste in older preschool children. The study revealed that decorative and applied arts have their own aesthetic and educational capabilities in teaching children both fine arts and in developing their aesthetic sensitivity to the world around them. Promising directions for the use of types, subtypes, varieties, techniques and technologies of decorative and applied arts in the artistic and creative activities of older preschoolers are proposed. The author concludes that introducing children of senior preschool age to arts and crafts is one of the main means of developing aesthetic taste, developing the ability to see and understand beauty in the surrounding life and art.

Fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) is a relatively new direction being introduced into international negotiations by the Western countries under climate agenda. The issue of FFSR was included into the decision of the COP26 in 2021, and since as long ago as 2009 it has been included into the statements of G20 and G7. Dynamics of FFSR introduction into the documents of also the WTO, UNEP, OECD and IEA as like as gradual strictening of wording is considered. The Western countries aim at one-sided change of existing international rules, alike as ways of conducting economic activity, obtainment of economic and technological advantages for themselves and increase of the developing countries' costs. Development of the FFSR concept is targeted at deprivation of fossil fuels producing and using countries of their essential advantages and makes an attempt to impose a negative color on objective properties of pricing and fiscal policy, as the latter is fulfilled by sovereign governments of developing states based on their economic goals. The FFSR can become a non-tariff tool of influence on competition in the international trade and production in the interests of the developed states. The valuations of FFS by international organizations vary from 1.1 to 7.1 USD Trillions for 2022 (that is as much as from 1 to 7% of the world's GDP); these estimates can be used for making pressure on developing states. The term FFSR is being used by its proponents for spheres that are not traditionally referred to as subsidies, and is in the essence directed at both reduction and cost increase of fossil fuels usage. Three following approaches on what is a fossil fuel subsidy are spread. Most common is the one considering a gap between local prices in fossil fuels producing countries and world prices. The second deals with negative externalities arising from fossil fuels usage. Under the third one traditional subsidies are examined. According to the approach applied by the IMF and being considered by the IEA, fossil fuels usage leads to negative externalities, such as climate change, air pollution and other impact. These organisations reckon that such externalities can be quantified mathematically and economically through carbon price – thus by developing the FFSR concept they shape the basis and argumentation for adoption of international carbon pricing. That means radical changing of normal conditions of economic activity in the countries of the world.

Central Asia is anticipating a transformation related to the need for further multifaceted modernization. However, different conditions dictate different strategies. The development model of Uzbekistan was mostly defined by Islam Karimov, whose death marked the beginning of profound changes associated with the transformation of the sultanistic regime.

The paper considers two main original approaches to investing the assets of institutional investors (the total amount of their assets in the world is about 100 trillion dollars) – the one of Norway's sovereign wealth fund Global and approach of Yale's endowment fund. Fund Global with assets of $ 716 billion dollars is the largest institutional investor in the world, its strategy is based on the assumption that markets are efficient and their long-term growth lies in the balance of investment in stocks , bonds, and , since more recent time - in real estate. Financiers of Yale in the 1990s revolutionized the approach to investment, firstly, by reducing the proportion of stocks and bonds in favor of private equity and real estate, and secondly , by shift from investments in the domestic market to foreign markets. Not all institutional investors are ready to follow these strategies because of the risk of negative returns in times of crises, but in the medium- and long-term, these approaches allow to beat inflation. For example, Yale's endowment has grown since 1985 to 2012 from 1.6 to 19 billion dollars, and high yield allows to transmit 1 billion dollars (!) to the budget of the university annually. Endowment funds are one of the key sources of revenues of leading American universities. Analysis of the investment policy of endowment funds and sovereign wealth funds shows that fundamental changes in the concept of investing began to occur since the late 1980s - early 1990s . Institutional investors of both these types ceased to focus on conservative instruments - bonds and deposits , and use other options: Global - stocks , Yale – private equity , hedge funds, real estate investments , etc. With the expand of the spectrum of instruments in which the funds are invested the income volatility increases either, and therefore the institutional investors should be both transparent and explain to the public the motives of investment strategy changes.

The authors study the fate of the Eastern Europe and its possible role in the context of the European crisis, investigate the rise of right-wing conservative forces in the Central and Eastern Europe. In particular, they analyze the role of right-wing parties in the process of transformation of the ideological platform of the East European Euroscepticism.

"Far right" parties present an important part of the all-European political landscape. An ideological source for many of them is the political platform of the "New right" – a wide group of philosophers, sociologists, historians, writers, who has actively acted in the early 1970th with a criticism of the liberal and socialist bases of the "European project". Processes of globalization and regionalization, crisis of traditional ideologies and state model lead to a change of the agenda of European Right, to strengthening of the right populist, euro-regionalist and alter-globalist trends.