Suchergebnisse

The quality of life of the population in a particular territory is largely determined by the condition of roads. Highways are of strategic importance for ensuring transport security. They connect the territory of the country, ensure the vital activity of all cities and settlements, the most massive transportation of goods and passengers is carried out through them. The development of the road network determines the mobility of the population and access to material and social resources, allows expanding the production capabilities of the economy by reducing transport costs and time spent on transportation. A road with a length of several kilometers, laid where the local population urgently needs it, can sometimes significantly improve the quality of life of people, and in some cases give an impetus to the development of the district, region, region, comparable to multimillion-dollar investments. And we are talking not only about industrial growth, which is certainly important for the country, but also the implementation of key social programs formed by the government of the Russian Federation. It is no secret that population growth in a number of regions is often hindered by the absence or shortage of kindergartens, schools and convenient, safe, year-round access to general education and children's institutions. Roads are part of other projects, they are, in fact, integrated into them. Consequently, the repair and construction of roads is included in the complex of tasks solved by various national projects. In the conditions of ITS implementation, roads are of particular importance from the standpoint of mobilization readiness. This is especially true for the border regions of the Russian Federation. In connection with the above, this article analyzes the level of legislative provision for the mobilization preparation of highways and practical implementation on the example of the Federal project «Highways of the Ministry of Defense of Russia».

The mobilization readiness of the state and the effective and sufficient measures preceding it for planning mobilization training at all levels of government, in the sectoral context of the Russian economy, Russian society and an individual citizen in modern foreign policy conditions, conditions of foreign economic sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation from many, primarily Western European countries and the United States and the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine are becoming the most important a factor of national security. The modern geopolitical process is also characterized by an increasingly aggressive policy of the NATO military bloc, which is rapidly moving towards the borders of the Russian Federation, which raises the urgency of the problems of vulnerability and the real creation of an unstable situation on Russia's western borders. Russian scientists have repeatedly noted in their publications the high mobilization efficiency of the Russian state in crucial historical periods of its development, the ability to mobilize society and citizens of the country. Mobilization in emergency circumstances was a common thing in the Russian national tradition. However, today the Russian Federation is once again facing real threats to its statehood and national security. Practical measures in the system of mobilization planning and mobilization, which are solved daily at all levels of government and public administration, local self-government, enterprises and organizations of the industrial complex of the country need a deeper and more thorough analysis, reflection, development of measures and effective solutions in order to improve mobilization planning.

The mobilization readiness of the state and the effective and sufficient measures preceding it for planning mobilization training at all levels of government, in the sectoral context of the Russian economy, Russian society and an individual citizen in modern foreign policy conditions, conditions of foreign economic sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation from many, primarily Western European countries and the United States and the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine are becoming the most important a factor of national security. The modern geopolitical process is also characterized by the increasingly aggressive policy of the NATO military bloc, which is rapidly moving towards the borders of the Russian Federation, which raises the urgency of the problems of vulnerability and the real creation of an unstable situation on Russia's western borders. Georgia has also recently been characterized by an unstable political situation, the goal of which has already been announced by many military experts and political scientists in the media to create a second front against the Russian Federation. Acts of international terrorism, sabotage, attempts to destabilize the situation in Crimea, incessant killings of civilians in the DPR and LPR, regular shelling of Russian border territories — Belgorod, Kursk and Bryansk regions — continue.In such conditions, not only strategic planning of mobilization measures becomes relevant, but also mobilization as an operational process.

The development of volunteer activities among citizens, especially young people, is one of the priority tasks of the state»s social policy today. And it is no coincidence that volunteer or voluntary activity, in the article is considered as synonyms, has long been socially oriented and is designed to solve those problems of society that the state has to solve completely. Or partially unable. Volunteer organizations often act much faster than the clumsy bureaucratic state machine, and this is their indisputable advantage over state structures. Which certainly makes the development of volunteer organizations within the country on an even larger scale relevant. Within the framework of this article, an analysis of the modern practice of developing volunteer activities in our country was carried out. The main directions of the development of volunteerism in Russia in the modern period are revealed. The main directions of state support for volunteering at the regulatory level and steps for their practical implementation are identified. Recommendations are given for further improvement of state support for volunteering.

This article defines the institutional framework for providing social guarantees to servicemen of the Russian Navy. General scientific methods of information analysis and synthesis were used. The sources of information were: the official website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the annual Bulletin of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation «Social development of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation», as well as documents of a doctrinal nature in the field of naval activities — the Naval Doctrine of Russia 2022. It is shown that it is the Department of Social Guarantees of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, along with other branches of the armed Forces, that today is the institutional basis and guarantee of social security for servicemen of the Russian Navy. Implements the state social policy in the field of naval activities, and, also, conducts extensive information about the opportunities of a social nature enshrined in the current legislation of the Russian Federation and the results of its activities.

Visual research has been gaining popularity in various social sciences in recent decades. Moreover, developments in sociology, political science and law related to the study of cultural aspects of society are interdisciplinary in nature. Jurisprudence is a fairly conservative scientific field in Russia, and the theories of the Soviet period continue to occupy dominant positions in legal science. Nevertheless, there are quite interesting approaches borrowed from other sciences of the socio-humanitarian profile. In this regard, the study of visual sources in jurisprudence seems to the author to be a promising direction, since, one way or another, legal concepts are represented in the visual. It is worth remembering any works of fine art (propaganda posters) or cinema (cinema), where you can see the reflection of certain political and legal ideas. The purpose of the article is to show the role and importance of visual sources of information in general, as well as in relation to the history of political and steam exercises. Because the standard format of considering political and legal ideas only within the framework of written sources does not allow for a comprehensive study of the influence of doctrines on legal consciousness. Visual as well as auditory sources significantly expand the picture of the legal world. Also, the author for the first time gave a classification of visual and legal sources, which, in turn, are divided into static and dynamic. The work clearly shows that law can also be studied in a visual context, which is to some extent an anthropological reading of the legal matter.

Introduction. The Civil War in Russia had many dimensions. The general pattern of confrontation arose as a result of the implementation of many local contradictions. The study of the historic situation of the civil strife within the framework of local history opens up new opportunities for assessing the motives of participation in the civil war and the role of class, group, and party contradictions and situational circumstances in this. Methods and materials. The article uses classical research methods. The source base of the research is represented by unpublished and published documents, memoirs, and the press. The sources that came out of the white camp predominate, since the studied territory was under the White Guard jurisdiction. Analysis. The article examines the situation in the Taganrog District of the Don Army Region during 1918–1919. In this district, the peasant population prevailed, unlike the rest of the districts in the Region. The population of the district experienced the administration of various authorities, including the occupying German authorities. Makhno's movement was unfolding in close proximity. As a result of class hostility and the lack of reliable information, the peasantry of the district rose twice: in October 1918 and in March – April 1919. The uprisings were suppressed, and the district became a problem area for the white military command and political leadership. The article shows in detail how these events matured and unfolded. It is shown that the peasantry, not trusting the Cossacks, pinned their hopes on the main political subjects of the Civil War, which were the Reds or the Volunteer Army. Results. The example of the Taganrog District demonstrates many pain points of the Civil War. The most peasant district in the Cossack army, with a large industrial center, was never successfully integrated into the white statehood. Problems of trust, communication, phobias, and unrealized hopes did not allow this to take place. At the same time, the potential for a strong national government in the district was quite clearly manifested.

The relevance of the problem of this article lies in determining the current content of the issues of the personnel policy of the Russian Navy and its most important components such as social security, social security of military personnel and their families. The profession of a military sailor today is associated with many restrictions, the need to be constantly ready to take up combat duty, especially in the situation of the Russian Federation conducting a special operation in Ukraine. The requirements for professional training and personal qualities of the military personnel of the Navy are increasing in the most serious way. The solution of the goals and objectives of naval activity today is impossible without a quality personnel policy, the provision of social guarantees and social protection. The article defines the goals and objectives of the study. Official documents of the level of presidential decrees, scientific articles of a theoretical and methodological nature, and specialists — practitioners of the Russian Navy were used as an empirical and information base for the study. It is shown that the modern state policy in the field of maritime activities for the period up to 2030 is determined by a number of state documents of a legal, doctrinal, strategic and planning nature. At the highest political level — the presidential Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2017 N 327, the content of the social security sphere of the Navy is determined and a number of social guarantees are fixed for military personnel and their families, civilian personnel of the Navy and federal security service agencies. The author made conclusions and recommendations.

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the attributes of ethnic identity that influence the formation of national security in the context of the modern development of the Russian Federation, taking into account its multinational composition. Attention is focused on ethnic identity as a key factor of national security, while using the works of anthropologists, ethnologists, philosophers and sociologists. Conclusions. The author analyzes the essence of ethnic identity, highlights its key attributes and emphasizes the relevance of its analysis in the context of national security. The research is based on the works of both domestic and foreign scientists.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need for an objective study of events related to the history of the civil war. The study of archival sources by the Tsaritsyn (since 1925 – Stalingrad) Commission for the collection and processing of materials on the history of the October Revolution and the Civil War (histparty) will expand the documentary base for researchers on this topic. The purpose of the article is to conduct a source and archeographic study of the memoirs of one of the prominent figures of the Civil War. The author's tasks were to identify the memories of A.K. Vydrin in the Stalingrad Histparty Fund, study the biography of their author, and analyze the preserved memories as a historical source on the history of Tsaritsyn 1918–1920. Methods and materials. The article is based on archival documents and materials from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History and the State Archive of the Volgograd region. The study of archival documents was based on the principles of source studies and critical analysis of historical sources. In the 1920s and 1930s, the memoirs of eyewitnesses to the events were published, including those of participants in the fighting on the Tsaritsyn front (V. Alekseev, S. Minin, etc.). However, most of the memories have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation. Analysis. When analyzing the memories, the author's personality is characterized, and a textual and factual study of the text is carried out. Results. The result of the study is a biography of a participant in the civil war and the historical value of memories as a source on the history of Tsaritsyn at the beginning of the twentieth century. Authors' contribution. O.V. Rvacheva analyzed the activities of the Histparty Commission, described the tasks of forming narrative sources, characterized the memoirs as a specific source base, and revealed information that reveals the historical value of A.K. Vydrin's memoirs (historical events, personalities that complement the historical picture of revolutionary events and the civil war in Tsaritsyn). I.S. Petrova performed an archeographic description and analysis of A.K. Vydrin's memoirs, assessed the significance of the memoirs for studying the revolution and the civil war in Tsaritsyn, and prepared the text of the source for publication.

The purpose of the research. The objective of this study is an attempt to prove the importance of the teachings of Jesus Christ in matters of theoretical and practical study of public administration and politics in general in the leading secular states living according to the principles of modern liberalism, as well as to demonstrate the presence of political motives in the teachings of the founder of Christianity. Results. In the course of the study, conclusions were drawn that the teachings of Jesus are not devoid of a political component. The gospels, when properly interpreted, provide the world with a great deal of valuable political information about the teachings of Jesus, which can complement scientific knowledge in the study of government and politics in general.

The article presents the results of research on ambiguity tolerance in Social Sciences and Humanities students representing different years of study (freshmen, sophomore, junior), different programs (State and Municipal Administration, Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Employment Psychology, Law), and different levels of ambiguity tolerance (low, medium, high). The findings indicate differences in ambiguity tolerance across the different levels (years) of the education process. Freshmen are more tolerant toward ambiguity than sophomores. In turn, sophomores show more ambiguity tolerance than juniors. This can be attributed to the greater openness of students to new experiences at the initial stages of their education versus their preference for stability of the learning process and psychological comfort at the later stages. Students specializing in psychology showed the lowest levels of ambiguity tolerance. All respondents with a positive attitude toward uncertainty were found to demonstrate less prominent negativity of mood, less sensitivity, and less anxiety, all this observed alongside a greater positivity of mood, greater activity, greater initiative, greater sociability, more prominent desire to be in the center of attention, and greater readiness to solve problems in socially acceptable ways. Furthermore, higher levels of ambiguity tolerance correspond to lower neuroticism in State and Municipal Administration and Employment Psychology students, lower emotional sensitivity in Law students and Clinical Psychology students, and greater extraversion in Psychology and Clinical Psychology students. The most prominent joint contribution to the researched phenomenon is made by the generalized indicators (factors) of character accentuation, especially in the group of Clinical Psychology students. Thus, the paper reveals the characteristics of ambiguity tolerance in the students of Social Sciences and Humanities. This topic is of value to both science and practice, it follows the modern trends in the development of the professional sphere, yet remains understudied. This work expands the knowledge of ambiguity tolerance as a complex personal construct.