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AbstractThis research quantitatively investigated the behaviors observed in mediation. We coded 16 mediation sessions recorded at a secondary school in the United Kingdom as relational transformation or resolution only and examined if the frequencies of the behaviors were significantly different between these two categories. We also investigated how the characteristics of their behaviors were correlated. Results indicated that the frequencies of the mediator's empathetic and the disputant's open, expansive, and defiant behaviors were significantly different between the two categories. Our findings also suggested several positive correlations between the behaviors, including the disputant's open and expansive, open and the mediator's empathetic, expansive and the mediator's eliciting, and negative between open and the mediator's directive, and defiant and the mediator's eliciting behaviors. Our findings mostly supported what has been widely discussed among the mediation researchers and practitioners—active listening, empathy, and impartiality, but also found a mutually enhancing relationship between the disputant's open and expansive behaviors. For relational transformation, we argue that the mediator should demonstrate empathy to help the disputant's open expression while asking eliciting questions to encourage their mutual acknowledgment and preclude defiance.

The Degree and Limit of Localization Research: How Far Can We Go -- Confucian Social Construction: Perspective and Methodology of Social Research in China -- Language Analysis: A Research Method that Cannot be Ignored -- The Homogeneity and Heterogeneity of Chinese Perspectives on "Face" -- Appendix: Looking at the Intellectuals in Fortress Besieged from the Heterogeneity of Face -- An Analysis of the Function of "Local Policy": The Power Game of Local and Organizational Leadership in China -- Chinese Value Orientation: Historical Classifications and Problems of Transformation -- Appendix: In an Era that Lacks Values, What Kind of Values Do the Chinese Need -- Balance in Chinese Interpersonal Networks: A Case Study -- Familism and Instrumental Reason: A Social Survey of Rural Areas in Southern Jiangsu -- "Human Feelings" and Systems: Balances or Checks-and-Balances: On the Representativeness of Case Studies -- Appendix: The Cunning of Shame Culture: Thoughts on a Survey -- The Chinese Interpersonal Relationship Model -- The Chinese People's Choices and Decisions in Social Behavior Orientation: On the Variables of the Local Social Action Model -- Appendix: Do the Chinese People Infight? From the Perspective of Local Social Action Theory -- Personal Status: From Proposing a Concept to Establishing a Local Daily Sociological Analysis Framework.

In order to protect cultivated land and balance farmers&rsquo ; needs and shortage of land, the Chinese government introduced policies to rearrange land use in rural areas. However, many problems, such as unused rural construction land and illegally occupied land, have occurred through implementing land use policies. Rural construction land transformation has been promoted to solve these problems. This transformation was designed to let farmers voluntarily transforming their idle rural construction land. Then, local government could rearrange village layout for developing cultivation, industry and green space. Therefore, in order to analyze the factors that influenced farmers&rsquo ; decision-making behavior in rural construction land transformation, household surveys were conducted in four typical villages in Jizhou District. After using the Probit model to analyze the data, the results indicated that the willingness to settle in the city, the mode of housing resettlement, the mode of compensation, the rationality of the measurement standards, and the annual total household income positively affected the willingness of farmers to transform their rural construction land. The strong willingness to settle in the city dominated the other factors. Moreover, the age and amount of construction land, the method of construction land acquisition, and the amount of cultivated land negatively affected the decision-making behavior during the transformation of rural construction land. Based on the influencing factors, policy suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of establishing an orderly transformation mechanism, implementing priority transformation, and providing compensation for transforming rural construction land.

AbstractThis study quantifies the impact of digital innovation on corporate performance, offering insights into the sustainability of digital innovation's impact and providing guidance for firms embarking on their digital innovation journey. We examine the effect of digital innovation on cost stickiness using patent reports spanning from 2007 to 2022. The baseline analysis results reveal that digital innovation significantly mitigates cost stickiness in companies. This finding remains robust after addressing endogeneity concerns and conducting various robustness tests. We probe potential mechanisms and discover that digital innovation reduces cost stickiness by enhancing the quality of internal controls, improving resource-adjustment efficiency, and addressing managerial over-optimism. Heterogeneity analysis indicates a more pronounced impact of digital innovation on reducing asymmetric cost behaviors in larger firms, those beyond the growth stage, and in regions with active digital procurement, well-developed digital taxation governance, and sound judiciary infrastructures. Additionally, our expanded analysis confirms the financial benefits of digital innovation in reducing cost stickiness. A notable discovery is the negative correlation between digital transformation and cost stickiness within digitally innovative firms, underscoring the greater significance of digital innovation over mere digitization. Overall, this study significantly advances our understanding of how digital innovation influences cost management strategies.

AbstractDeveloping psychometrically validated assessment tools to examine social and intergroup processes related to COVID‐19 is fundamental for creating interventions that reduce the spread of this virus. Thus, this manuscript aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new measure, Assessment of COVID‐19 Attitudes and Behaviors (ACAB), that assesses COVID‐19‐related attitudes (e.g., about physical distancing, xenophobia), behaviors (e.g., helping others versus prioritizing own needs), and beliefs (e.g., about others' roles in spreading COVID‐19). We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA) to provide factor analytic support and Fisher's r‐to‐z transformation to provide construct validity evidence. EFA revealed and CFA confirmed a four‐factor structure of social distancing adjustment, self‐prioritization, prosocial behaviors, and belief in conspiracies. Fisher's r‐to‐z transformation provided evidence for the construct validity of the four factors. This psychometrically validated instrument will enhance social science researchers' ability to accurately identify and explicate psychological processes related to COVID‐19.

The purpose of this research is to develop a theoretical framework for the analysis of politics in enterprise transformations using a dialectical analysis approach (Hegel, 1989; Heraclitus, 1979; Pinkard, 1988; Skinner, 1978a, 1978b) and conduct an evaluation of the framework validity. The framework is constructed using a dialectical analysis of concepts stemming from the work of Alford and Friedland (1992) and considers four theoretical perspectives: autocratic, bureaucratic, pluralistic, and cognitive. The framework is then validated by means of qualitative metrics and adherence to critical ideology. This research addresses the problem that there is no holistic theoretical framework for the analysis of politics across the systemic, situational, and structural contexts found in enterprise transformations. Politics occurs at multiple levels in the enterprise making it difficult to identify the salient issues that need to be addressed in support of transformation. Transformations can be paradoxical as enterprises revert to the dominant paradigm that affirms present realities rather than developing a critical posture to break the constraining paradigm. The dialectical approach used embraces the power of multiple theoretical perspectives in the transformation process, asserting that theories have power over actions, behaviors, and language. The theoretical framework allows for the simultaneous existence of shifting states of cooperation, frustration, and paradigmatic hegemony over systemic, situational, and structural contexts that embody politics in enterprise transformations. Rough set theory is used to demonstrate the ability of the framework to be adaptive and to evolve based on the inclusion of new data. I conclude that the deployment of an evolving framework of this magnitude may have a significant impact on the management of transformation efforts and suggest new areas of research to further the work.

Purpose This study examined dietary behaviors of rural youth at school and at home and sociodemographic differences. Design A cross-sectional design was used. Setting The study took place in five rural schools in the Southwestern US. Sample Student participants (N = 751) were in 3rd-8th grades. Measures Consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy, and soda/pop, at school and at home, were measured using a modified 7-day recall Youth Risk Behavior survey for nutrition instrument (CDC, 2011); Sociodemographic data. Analysis Descriptive statistics, frequency tables and MANCOVA were used. Results Following a natural log transformation of the dependent variables, there were significant multivariate effects in dietary behaviors across schools (Wilks' λ = 0.962, F(16, 2539.4) = 2.05, P = 0.0082) and location (school v. home; Wilks' λ = 0.849, F(4, 831) = 36.94, P < 0.0001). Follow-up tests showed students in some schools reported higher consumption of fruit, vegetable, and soda at home than school, although most reported consuming less than one serving per day of fruit, vegetables, and dairy across settings. There were no significant main effects for gender/grade/ethnicity across behaviors. Conclusions Findings highlight poor dietary behaviors of rural youth as well as school/home differences that can help inform efforts to support optimal dietary behaviors of this population. Results should be interpreted considering limitations of the self-report nature of collected data and missing data.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Impact of GTL (Green Transformation Leadership) on Environmental Knowledge Learning and WPB (Work pro-environmental Behaviors) through the mediating role of green self-efficacy and green creativity. The study has adopted a survey-based approach where data were collected from 279 employees working in hotel industry of Saudi Arabia using structured questionnaires and validated scales. Results show that GTL directly impacts EKL and WPB, suggesting it promotes the acquisition of environmental knowledge and skills, and GTL encourages employees to participate in friendly environmental behaviors in the workplace. This result also found, GSE and GC mediate the relationship between GTL and both EKL and WPB. This suggests that GTL not only directly influences EKL and WPB but also indirectly through its impact on GSE and GC. Future studies could discover the long-term effects of leadership on environmental sustainability, examine the role of leadership in fostering innovation and adaptation to environmental challenges, and examine the influence of different leadership styles on specific environmental behavior.

PurposeThis paper examines the pre-factors of college students' entrepreneurial behaviors and how their background characteristics affect corporate financial performance in high-tech businesses.Design/methodology/approachAbout 67 high-tech businesses in China focusing on technical innovation from the Guotai'an database are selected to carry out empirical analysis.FindingsIt is observed that the age, educational and professional backgrounds of college entrepreneurs profoundly influence their ventures geared toward high-tech innovation. Moreover, the transformation abilities, managerial proficiency and growth capabilities, which characterize these ventures, notably affect business performance. They further serve as a moderator in the relationship between the entrepreneurial backgrounds of college students and the overall business performance of their enterprises.Originality/valueIt insinuates novel strategic avenues for collegiate entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial mindset and industrial positioning. Moreover, our findings will not only augment the practical research in the realm of collegiate entrepreneurship but also enhance the study of technological innovation theories, thereby offering further insight and guidance for collegiate entrepreneurs' innovative endeavors and entrepreneurial pursuits.

Superplatforms – diversified digital corporations from the United States (Amazon, Google and others grouped in FAMGA/GAFAM) and China (Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent) dominating the Internet markets – are the leading actors of digital economy. In terms of revenue, markets, and capitalization they are already among the largest multinational corporations. Many basic factors of their success are still in place, but increased competition, diminishing importance of low base effects and other challenges forced them to sharpen focus on innovations and emerging technologies since late 2000s – early 2010s. This process was supported by a strong influx of capital from financial markets. As a result, superplatforms executed strong growth of research and development (R&D) expenditures and investments in venture markets – especially in the domain of emerging technologies. By the end of 2010s, superplatforms appeared among leading technology and innovation actors of respective National Innovation Systems (NIS) in terms of their share of national business R&D, venture investments and because of unique role in promoting digital transformation of the U.S.A. and China. It may also be stated, that superplatforms now are an important factor of both potential and competitiveness of the superpowers, including issues of digital sovereignty. For the future, disruptive innovations and technologies will still be in focus of the superplatforms. This is especially true since superplatforms need new quality of innovative development: further accelerated increase of R&D and venture investments seem to be almost impossible in new realm of the financial markets. The process will be more influenced by the external factors, than in the previous decade. (Among them are changes in the regulatory environment – also to compensate challenging monopolistic behaviors of FAMGA and BAT; changing global trade and investment dynamics – including technological "war" between the U.S.A. and China; rise of global competition). As a result, we may envision further rise of importance of the superplatforms for NIS and their transformation into a new factor of economic and digital power – and new arena of global competition for the U.S.A. and China.

Introduction -- Urbanisation and China's Urban-Biased development -- Displace and Resettlement: A Global review -- Methodological Issues -- China's Poverty Alleviation Resettlement: Progress, Practices and issues -- China's Rural Transformation under the Poverty Alleviation Resettlement -- To Leave or not to Leave? Intention is the Question. Investigating Farmers' Decision Behaviors on Contemporary China'S Poverty Alleviation Resettlement -- Can China's poverty alleviation resettlement increase farmers' income? Evidence from Shandong and Chongqing -- Modelling Urban Growth under China's Transferable Development Right Programme -- Conclusion.