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Nick Tiratsoo and Jim Tomlinson describe and assess the Labour Party's development of a policy of improving industrial efficiency. They concentrate on the debates and initiatives of the wartime period and subsequent implementation of policy under Attlee. The book modifies existing historiography in two ways - it shows that the Labour Party of 1945-51 was concerned mainly with industrial modernization, not with creating the Welfare State, and it tackles the consequently necessary re-evaluation of wider theories about Britain's economic decline.

The world has undergone many changes in recent decades, changes mainly derived from globalization, which takes business management and even the governance of the country to another level. Globalization and the growing development felt worldwide lead to the economic and social development of states, increasingly concerned and focused on the good environmental practices of an economy. The main objective of this study is to present how the state became the main actor in the treatment of air pollution. To this end, firstly, the field of public economy is briefly characterized and historically contextualized, followed by what constitutes a market failure and common methods of correcting it. There is an emphasis on negative externalities, as this fits in with the central theme of the work. We delve into the case of air pollution by presenting the reason why it is considered an economic problem, analysing how environmental policies can affect GDP and presenting what has been done to combat this problem, both in the European Union and in Portugal

The world has undergone many changes in recent decades, changes mainly derived from globalization, which takes business management and even the governance of the country to another level. Globalization and the growing development felt worldwide lead to the economic and social development of states, increasingly concerned and focused on the good environmental practices of an economy. The main objective of this study is to present how the state became the main actor in the treatment of air pollution. To this end, firstly, the field of public economy is briefly characterized and historically contextualized, followed by what constitutes a market failure and common methods of correcting it. There is an emphasis on negative externalities, as this fits in with the central theme of the work. We delve into the case of air pollution by presenting the reason why it is considered an economic problem, analysing how environmental policies can affect GDP and presenting what has been done to combat this problem, both in the European Union and in Portugal.

The rapid accumulation of state functions in agriculture during this century is a new kind of phenomenon in our history. It is also a process common to all developed capitalist countries in Europe. This article concentrates on the main features of agricultural policies in Finland, in order to illustrate the socio-economic reasons behind state intervention in agriculture. Production, income and structural policies all have, besides agricultural, also more general social and economic goals But mechanisms exist that counteract the attainment of these goals Capitalization of subsidies to land prices, differentiation as a cause and as a consequence of policies, and rising accumulation threshold are considered It is suggested that expanded repro duction is inevitable for family farms and that generation change is a most critical point of the reproduction process. Thus it also is a most strategic object for state intervention.

Überblick über staatliche Eingriffe in den Agrarsektor von der Kolonialzeit bis zur Gegenwart. Starker Rückgang der Erträge unter der Staatsfarm-Politik der Frelimo. Seit 1982 Übergang zu neuer Entwiklungsstrategie für den Agrarbereich: Bildung von Kooperativen und Unterstützung der kleinbäuerlichen Familienwirtschaft. Auch Wandel in der Handelspolitik: Importierte Agrartechnologie und Konsumwaren sollen den bäuerlichen Haushalt anregen, Überschüsse zu erzeugen und zu vermarkten. (DÜI-Hlb)

This review assesses a law and criminal justice based approach to domestic violence from the vantage of recent reports from the advocacy movement in the United States (DasGupta, 'Safety and justice for all') and Amnesty International (It's in your hands: stop violence against women) and the work of legal scholar Linda Mills. The US movement is hardly alone in wrestling with how to reconcile the state's indispensable role in securing safety, support and liberty for victims with its equally undeniable role in perpetuating the patterns of sex, race and class inequality and privilege from which woman abuse stems and from which it continues to derive legitimacy.

By the early 1980s, it was becoming increasingly apparent to the Frelimo Government in Mozambique that its agricultural policies were not having the required effects. Production had not recovered to pre-independence levels as intended, agricultural exports remained generally low, and there was hunger in certain areas of the country. Queues and shortages were widespread in the cities, and rationing was introduced in the capital, Maputo. There were many exogenous factors accounting for these problems: alternating years of drought and floods, a constant state of war, first against the Smith régime in Rhodesia and then against South Africa and its client groups, and finally, of course, the world recession and worsening terms of trade.