Suchergebnisse

This study is a survey of rural households in Lebanon, covering ten families in each of four villages and representing different human and ecological zones in this country. The four villages are Maad {Jubail, Mt. Lebanon}, Sa'adin {Akkar}, Ain-Zebdeh {Beka'a}, Hassin (Kesrouan, Mt. Lebanon). The ten families were studied in depth, on the basis of family size, permanent residency, employment of head household, income, and land ownership.

AbstractA linear programming formulation is described that will permit the optimal assignment of transportation resources (vehicles) and movement requirements to a network consisting of a set of designated origins, ports of embarkation, enroute bases, ports of debarkation, and destinations to achieve a prescribed schedule of arrivals.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1 Theoretical and Historical Context of Public Participation -- Representation Versus Participation -- Politics Versus Administration -- Bureaucracies and Expertise Versus Citizen Access -- Tensions -- Public Hearings -- Advisory Committees -- Grassroots Versus Government-Sponsored Participation -- Citizen Agencies -- Discussion -- 2 Contemporary Techniques for Citizen Involvement -- Citizen Surveys and Forums -- Citizen Juries and Panels -- Two National Projects on the Federal Budget Deficit -- Organizations with Ongoing Efforts in Citizen Participation -- Preferences Under a Budget Constraint -- Gauging the Results of Citizen Participation Efforts -- Lessons from Participation Projects -- Discussion -- 3 How Do Citizens Balance the Budget? -- Eugene, Oregon, and Eugene Decisions -- The Design of the Surveys -- Analysis of the Survey Results -- Discussion -- 4 How Fiscal Information and Service Use Influence Citizen Preferences -- Notions of Citizenship and Responses to Fiscal Information -- Research on Effects of Fiscal Information and Service Use -- Methodology -- Findings-Information Effects -- Findings-Service Use -- Discussion -- 5 Conclusions: Lessons for Governments -- Where We Have Been -- Reflections on Citizen Participation Efforts -- Call for Research -- Last Words -- Appendices -- Appendix A: BOB (Build Your Own Budget) Survey -- Appendix B: Ivory Survey -- Appendix C: Blue Survey -- Appendix D: OLS Regression Coefficients-Services -- Appendix E: OLS Regression Coefficients-Taxes -- Appendix F: Logistic Regression Coefficients-Services -- Appendix G: Logistic Regression Coefficients-Taxes -- References -- Index