Suchergebnisse

"Translated and published under the auspices of the United States Air Force." ; "Original Russian edition.published in the Summer of 1972 by the Military Publishing House," in Moscow. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Above the waterline are aspects of a culture that are explicit visible and easily taught. The surface culture is where behaviors customs and courtesies and traditions are more easily seen. For the military culture this area includes things such as: the uniform and rank, the salute, the playing of the national anthem before commanders calls and movies, the POWs ceremony, the honoring of heroes and the change of command ceremony. At the water line is a transition zone where the observer has to be more alert in the area where implicit understanding becomes talked about and where ethos is codified in decreed. At this level of military culture are found the service creed, the core values and the oath of office. Some of what identifies service members and veterans as belonging to the military culture are not readily apparent and exist below the waterline. Below the surface is the hidden culture the more enduring and powerful characteristics of military culture. The beliefs, habits, values, assumptions, understandings, and judgments that affect the culture's worldview. These intangible values and guiding ideals that are mostly acquired while in uniform and are often kept for life are referred to as the Military or Warrior Ethos. These are often things a member knows but cannot easily articulate the hidden aspects of a culture are not taught directly.

"Every officer in the armed forces daily encounters numerous situations in which a more thorough knowledge of men and how to direct them would be of inestimable value. This text provides the officer with certain principles of action to which he may turn for the solution of those military problems pertaining to the human element. In other words, it shows how to work effectively with all superiors and subordinates. The method of procedure is as follows: First, those military problems frequently encountered by most officers are carefully studied. Second, the psychological principles and techniques possessing a direct bearing upon each of these problems are correlated with them. That other military problems may have been little stressed is granted. These problems, however, have been given every consideration prior to their exclusion. The criterion for inclusion in each instance has been the usefulness of the problem to the greatest number of officers in the several branches of the armed forces. Only those rules that definitely enhance human efficiency in training and in combat have been held acceptable for consideration. The authors, for example, have excluded material pertaining to the causes of armed conflict, to the rival social philosophies underlying the present war, and to the problem of camouflage and its obvious relationship to human observation, since it is believed that these and all other exclusions can be and have been more advantageously treated elsewhere"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved)

Symposium proceedings: papers presented in a symposium entitled "What is Military Psychology", held on 3 September 1979 at the 87th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association in New York City ; Five papers representing different frames of reference examine the question 'What is Military Psychology?' Their objective is to ferret out the unique aspects of psychology as its is practiced in the military environment that differentiate it from research in, and applications of, psychology in other settings. The purpose in doing this is to sharpen the focus and improve the products of military psychology. Areas examined cover (1) human-machine systems, (2) military personnel, training, and organizational effectives; (3) psychological operations/warfare and the area of 'hearts and minds'; (4) community mental health, consultation to command, and the psychologist in uniform; and (5) stress, fitness, and the relationships of military psychology with its neighboring disciplines in the biomedical sciences. Constraints and ethical considerations in the use of psychology in the military environment and in the pursuit of military objectives are considered. (Author) ; Prepared for: Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California ; http://archive.org/details/whatismilitaryps00arim

Added t.p. in Russian. ; Translation of Voennai︠a︡ psikhologii︠a︡. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"The goal of this volume is to guide the field of military psychology in the development of evidence-based support for service members. Many psychological studies have described the mental health toll of combat as a warning about its cost in terms of human suffering. It is amazing that fewer studies have focused on evidence-based attempts to prevent mental health problems and enhance service member well-being and resilience. This volume is designed to fill this gap. The authors in this volume represent perspectives from clinical and research psychologists, physicians, and sociologists, and although the focus is largely the United States and primarily the army, international perspectives from the United Kingdom and Canada are included as well. The authors are a unique group of specialists who, as clinicians and researchers, are addressing the challenge of sustaining service member mental health. These authors share the goal of developing and implementing evidence-based interventions. Using the perspective of an occupational health model, the chapters in this volume emphasize the way in which the military organization can moderate the impact of combat on service member mental health through individual screening, training, peer support, leadership, and organizational policies. The chapters range from clinically based reflections on how to manage service member mental health during deployment to proposals for reconceptualizing service delivery, the role of peers, and what it means to transition home. This volume emphasizes what is known--and not known--about evidence-based approaches for early interventions and mental health resilience training conducted with service members. Throughout, the authors, all specialists in the field of military mental health, consider both the positive and negative impact that combat can have on service members and their families. The chapters also establish an agenda for research designed to support and promote the well-being of service members and their families"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

"This volume highlights the diverse contributions of military psychologists toward our nation's security and toward the discipline of psychology itself. The United States Armed Forces have frequently led our culture in personnel and policy changes that the general population had difficulty accepting, such as racial integration and the integration of women. In addition, psychologists in the military have used clinical approaches to posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and psychopharmacology that have expanded research understanding before widespread adaptation by the general public. Currently, psychologists are working with policymakers to help the public build resiliency and cope with disasters, terrorism, and possible threats to the United States. By putting their skills to work in such areas as personnel management, ergonomics, clinical care, training, leadership and executive development, and social and behavioral research, these individuals have transformed psychology into an integrative discipline that now encompasses aspects of health care and other fields such as information technology and disaster management. This book includes perspectives of psychologists and social scientists representing the uniformed services, research institutions, business, and academia. Readers interested in the history of psychology will learn how our armed services came to be on the cutting edge in many areas of basic and applied science. Readers inside and outside the military will learn lessons from military psychology that they can apply to community-based homeland security efforts"--Jacket. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)

"The article presents one of the most significant psychological aspects experienced by the military during their operations – ethics and morality. Thus, it dives deeper into the idea of "war psychology", to then analyse the biggest ethical and moral dilemmas of the military during battle. Far from exhausting the subject, the article wants to draw attention to the fact that, in the end, the military is still human, and in the absence of adequate preparation for combat and adequate post-action psychological support at the end of the conflict, moral wounds can appear, which, most of the time, are as painful and devastating as the physical ones."

"References" at end of each chapter. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The current article describes the development of military psychology in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Based on mixed methodology, including in-depth interviews and secondary analyses, continuities and discontinuities in the work of military psychologists are presented. Four phases of development are identified: "establishment of the military" (1947-1966), "decentralization" (1967-1982), "the small wars era" (1982-1999), and "expanded scope" (2000-present). Each phase generated a distinct military psychologist identity: "social scientist," "field practitioner," "organizational development expert," and "operational behavioral scientist." These identities are amassed cumulatively, so that new identities do not contradict previous ones. The four phases of development are compared according to several dimensions. Significant discontinuities include a change in theoretical perspectives, gender composition, and research methodology. Working style during conflict is notably continuous, characterized by bottom-up initiatives. Possible sources leading to the paradigmatic shifts are presented, and an "evolution model" of synthesis is suggested. This model stresses the social challenges facing the IDF and its relevant psychological practices.