Suchergebnisse

Ikenberry reviews 'The Columbia History of the 20th Century' edited by Richard Bulliet.

Even though the crucial importance of World War II has never been called into doubt by historians, it has not featured as a focal point for the interpretation of the 20th century in recent narratives. In most cases, historians have located the war's historical meaning within the dualistic framework of 'catastrophe' and 'reconstruction'. For all its obvious plausibility, however, this approach tends to isolate the war from the wider historical context. This article develops and discusses three perspectives that may serve to embed World War II within broader historical trends. It highlights the global dimensions of the war, examines contemporaneous interpretations that proved influential for decades after the war's conclusion – most notably, the notion of an 'international civil war' – and explores the causal and perceptual cohesiveness of the 'age of world wars' between 1911/14 and 1945/53. By pursuing these avenues, the essay makes several claims. It argues that World War II must be understood as part of longer-term developments originating in the late 19th century and reaching far into the second half of the 20th century; that the era of the world wars gave rise to a coherent space of experience forming the core of this extended trajectory; that there was no monolithic 'interwar' period, while the intellectual history of these decades reveals a smooth transition from world war to 'Cold War'; and, finally, that World War II acted as a catalyst for far-reaching changes on a global scale.

"A Social History of Twentieth-Century Europe offers a systematic overview on major aspects of social life, including population, family and households, social inequalities and mobility, the welfare state, work, consumption and leisure, social cleavages in politics, urbanization as well as education, religion and culture. It also addresses major debates and diverging interpretations of historical and social research regarding the history of European societies in the past one hundred years. Organized in ten thematic chapters, this book takes an interdisciplinary approach, making use of the methods and results of not only history, but also sociology, demography, economics and political science. Béla Tomka presents both the diversity and the commonalities of European societies looking not just to Western European countries, but Eastern, Central and Southern European countries as well. A perfect introduction for all students of European history."--Publisher's website.

This book provides readers with rich context and detailed description leading to new perspectives on major historical events in China. Positioned as a thought leader and highly acclaimed arts professional in China, the author is able to give a historical account of China's twentieth century that is richly informed by its valent fields of political economy and cultural studies. Western readers' knowledge of China's twentieth century remains based on pioneering research of modern scholars such as Fairbank and Jonathan Spence. In recent years, however, it is rare to see a complete history of China spanning the nineteenth and twentieth centuries which also includes the first two decades of the twenty-first century. This book contributes new narrative and perspective to this span of history. Now, as the Sino-US trade conflict makes dramatic impact on a post-COVID global economy, readers have the need for a fresh understanding of how China came to be what it is today. The author's groundbreaking work provides new insight provided by newly uncovered sources explaining how China came to be what it is today from a cultural and sociological perspective, in a historical mode. Lü Peng is an eminent art historian, historiographer, critic, and curator. Born in 1956, he served as an associate professor for his alma mater, the Chinese Academy of Fine Arts, in Hangzhou. He is now a professor at the Macao University of Science and Technology, as well as at Sichuan Fine Arts Institute. He is Doctor of Letters from the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou.

Der große gegenseitige Einfluss welchen Theater und Politik aufeinander ausüben ist vor allem im Irland des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts sehr ausgeprägt und anhand von Ereignissen, wie etwa den "Playboyriots" oder der recht ähnlichen Reaktion des Theaterpublikums auf Stücke wie "The Plough and the Stars" leicht ersichtlich. Die in dieser Arbeit untersuchten Dramen reflektieren oder kommentieren wichtige historische Ereignisse der irischen Zeitgeschichte und nehmen dabei teils gegensätzliche Betrachtungsweisen ein. Dramatiker wie Sean O'Casey, Frank McGuinness, Dennis Johnston oder Brian Friel bedienen sich des Mediums des Dramas um über die Geschehnisse in ihrem Vaterland zu reflektieren und ihre persönlichen politischen Botschaften weiterzugeben. Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit ist es aufzuzeigen und zu untersuchen wie die oben genannten Dramatiker das politische und historische Geschehen, insbesondere den Ersten Weltkrieg, den Osteraufstand von 1916 und die Geschehnisse des Blutsonntags 1972 reflektieren, in ihre Dramen inkorporieren und somit das Geschehen kommentierten.Zum Zweck dieser Analyse werden zunächst die historischen Ereignisse in eigenen Kapiteln kurz und knapp dargelegt. Diese historischen Darstellungen sind dann gefolgt von einer Analyse von je zwei irischen Dramen, welche das jeweilige historische Ereignis thematisieren:Sean O'Casey - The Silver Tassie & Frank McGuinness - Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching towards the Somme, Sean O'Casey - The Plough and the Stars & Dennis Johnston - The Scythe and the Sunset, Frank McGuinness - Carthaginians & Brian Friel - The Freedom of the City.Die aus diesen Detailanalysen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden anschließend zusammengefasst und ein Vergleich der verschiedenen dargestellten Sichtweisen vorgenommen. ; Literature, theater and politics have always influenced each other in a variety of contexts, however, this influence is particularly apparent when it comes to what is often referred to as the "Irish Literary Revival" as promoted by such important authors as W.B. Yeats or Lady Gregory. Not only has the Irish National Theater had an important role to play in the Irish Freedom Movement and the creation of an Irish Free State, the Republic of Ireland, but it has also payed tribute to such problems as World War One or the Northern Ireland Troubles. Playwrights such as Sean O'Casey, Frank McGuinness, Dennis Johnston or Brian Friel are using the means of the unique medium of drama to convey their political messages and to reflect on 20th century Irish history. This thesis will examine, explore and illustrate how the above mentioned playwrights reflect on and deal with important aspects of Irish history, such as World War I, the Easter Rising or Bloody Sunday in Northern Ireland.The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the different points of view dramatists take on important historical developments and events and to illustrate how these different attitudes and positions are represented in a number of their plays. For this purpose each of the three above listed historical cornerstones of Irish contemporary history will at first be reflected on as such. The plays treating with these events will then be compared and put in context with both, the actual historical facts as well as the other plays dealing with the very same topic. For this purpose the following plays will be evaluated and compared: Sean O'Casey's The Silver Tassie & Frank McGuinness's Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching towards the Somme, Sean O'Casey's The Plough and the Stars & Dennis Johnston's The Scythe and the Sunset, Frank McGuinness's Carthaginians & Brian Friel's The Freedom of the City. ; vorgelegt von Lukas Rathner ; Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2014 ; (VLID)240100

The various formulae which have been applied to WWI can be understood as attempts to fit it into nineteenth century categories, which assume that peace is a natural state of affairs. The actual revolutionary side in that war was Bismarckian Germany, in which the realities of the new scientific era were best approximated by social institutions. The military apparatus of Germany was the weak point of the system, hypnotized by traditional concepts, schemes, & goals. The war was against the Western status quo. The energy transformation of the world necessarily occurs through war, which is the most intense means of rapidly releasing accumulated forces. The frontline experience was fundamental to the new image of the world. In this experience, death was a continuous presence. This experience has been denied by later developments, leaving the world in a state of war-generating peace rather than in the real peace which might emerge from genuine understanding of the war experience. W. H. Stoddard.