Suchergebnisse

Small-scale community fishers dominate fisheries in Cambodia. In the central floodplain of Cambodia, 35% of rural dwellers are part-time fishers and 15% full-time fishers. By 2012, the Cambodian government had abolished all commercial fishing lots and put these resources under the management of community fisheries. One challenge in the implementation of community-fisheries management is budget shortages and resultant livelihood stress. To address this problem, savings groups were established. The Sustainable Communities International program provided establishment and facilitation support for savings groups in 10 community fisheries in the Kampong Chhnang Province. The savings groups were recognized as useful support facilities, meeting the needs of community fishers and sustainable community fisheries operations. However, there were concerns about the sustainability of the savings groups and the fisheries. To date, there are no documented case studies of savings groups for community fisheries. This study was conducted in two community fisheries in the Kampong Chhnang Province. We found that the internal rules of the savings group must reflect the opinions and perceptions of the members to ensure sustainable operation. Education and integrated livelihood activities were important considerations in encouraging participation. These insights are also useful for community fisheries elsewhere.

In autumn 2015, it was announced that the government would execute massive budget cuts to education. This was due to the efforts of the new government to save money and balance the state economics. The amount of money that the state intended to save from the basic education, also known as primary and lower secondary schools nationwide was estimated to be around 40 million euros. 30 million euros out 40 million euro savings was from group size money and 10 million of development money. Money directed to group sizes has been used by the schools to downsize the class and group sizes. The developing money on the other hand is for the development of the schools, for example to modernize equipment and learning spaces. The topic of this research is the savings done from education in the context of changed educational politics and legally mandated tasks the school have. This study asked from the principals their views about these educational budget cuts and how they see those to affect to schools. The research questions the most worrying aspects of saving from basic education and how the principals see diminishing resources to affect to their school. Second research question was the future Finnish basic education and how the principals viewed that. The research was conducted as qualitative research where the principals were interviewed and their answers to the interview question were analyzed with content analysis. In the interviews, the question were in specific order and the question were asked in same order from every participating principal. Research questions were answered during the interviews so the findings are written down as principals answered to the question. These findings suggest that principals are concerned about the growth of the group and class sizes, the work load of their teachers, the quality of teaching and the diminishing resources to organize support service in schools. When asked about the future of the Finnish basic education in general the principals were positive and faith to the future of the basic education.

This paper explores readily available data up to 1996 on New Zealand's saving rates and the level of savings, and examines the portfolio allocation of savings. It finds that New Zealanders' household saving rates are low, whilst above average public saving rates leave national saving rates closer to OECD average levels. Whilst New Zealand has lower net wealth per household than many of its OECD counterparts, a good portion of this is associated with differences in per capita incomes. New Zealanders hold a higher proportion of their savings in housing than people in many other countries, as would be expected given our lower per capita incomes. Even given this, New Zealand has above average home ownership rates and housing space consumption is high by world standards. Historically, the returns on different domestic asset classes suggest that the risk adjusted real return on housing has been relatively high.

AbstractA need has long been expressed for up‐to‐date information on householder plans for saving, both quantity and type. This article surveys the international work done on ascertaining householder intentions and then proposes a group of nine specific questions to be put to Australian households with the aim of developing a useful Index of Saving Intentions along with information on household asset allocation. Full development can only be accomplished ex post when results can be correlated over time with various savings measures. It is intended that the Index assist in forecasting household behaviour, the allocation of savings across assets and that it will permit more rapid evaluation of the effects of government policy changes in areas such as taxation and superannuation. Results from initial surveys are presented.