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An introduction to a forum, "World War II Crimes against Jews in Austria and Their Prosecution in Austrian Courts after the War," notes that the three contributions go beyond discussing war crimes committed by Austrians to look at the difficult transition to peace & reestablishment of the rule of law. They emphasize that the expropriation of Jewish property through "Aryanization," & the forced emigration of Jews, encouraged anti-Jewish policies in Austria, & contributed significantly to the Final Solution. It is noted that "Aryanization" was a uniquely Austrian contribution to radical Nazi policies that moved from "wild Aryanizations" to "legal Aryanizations" & the "ghettoization" of Jews in Vienna. The literature on the persecution of Jews in Austria is reviewed, & attention is called to postwar court records recently revealed as a valuable source of research on Austrian perpetrators. The information has encouraged a new generation of scholarly inquiry into Austria's involvement in Nazi cruelties. J. Lindroth

Intro -- Inhalt -- Danksagung -- I Streitpunkte - Einführung in die Thematik -- Zwischen Abwehrreaktion und kritischer Distanz -- 1 Die Eschenburg-Debatte: Kein isolierter - ein exemplarischer Fall -- 2 Etappen und Schwerpunkte der Auseinandersetzung -- 3 Diskussionskontext (I) - Zeithistoriker im Nationalsozialismus: Hans Rothfels, Theodor Schieder, Werner Conze, Karl Dietrich Erdmann -- 4 Diskussionskontext (II) - (Nachkriegs-) Politologen im "Dritten Reich": Arnold Bergstraesser, Michael Freund, Adolf Grabowsky -- 5 Der Streit um den Lebenswerk-Preis der DVPW -- 6 Theodor Eschenburg als Spiegelbild der Brüche deutscher Zeitgeschichte -- II Fakten -- Theodor Eschenburg und die Plünderung jüdischer Vermögen -- 1 Die intensivierte Judenverfolgung -- 2 Die "Arisierungen" -- 3 Die Bekleidungsindustrie -- 4 Der Geschäftsführer -- III Dokumente -- Teil IV -- Der Auslöser -- Theodor Eschenburg: Übrigens vergaß er noch zu erwähnen… -- Gründungsmythen, Familienlegenden: Vom Umgang mit der Kontinuitätsproblematik in der Politikwissenschaft -- In der Selbstdarstellung "apologetisch getönt": Eschenburgs Rolle bei der Kampagne gegen Emil Julius Gumbel -- Ritt er, oder fuhr er? Eschenburgs anderthalb Jahre in der SS -- "Herr Eschenburg hält es ebenfalls für erforderlich, die Arisierungsfrage schnellstens zu lösen." -- "[…] kann aus eigenem Erleben das damalige 'Ambiente' nicht kennen und hat es historisch nicht erfaßt" -- Vorfeld, Verlauf und Nachspiel des 25. DVPW-Kongresses (2012/2013) -- Theodor Eschenburg in der NS-Zeit -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- 1 Vorgehen und Ergebnis -- 2 Argumentation und Interpretation der Akten nach Rainer Eisfeld -- "Arisierungsfrage" -- Mitgliedschaft in der SS -- 3 Dokumentation der Aktenlage -- a Bundesarchiv Berlin-Lichterfelde -- b Universitätsarchiv Tübingen: Nachlass von Theodor Eschenburg -- c Militärarchiv Freiburg i.Br.

This article analyses the role and function of Germany's large banks in the process of Aryanization of Jewish companies. It can be argued that the Deutsche Bank and, particularly, the Dresdner Bank were aware much earlier of the business opportunities which Aryanization would offer and were involved in the large-scale acquisitions and take-overs of Jewish companies to a greater extent than the Commerzbank, then Germany's third largest private bank. The Commerzbank's behaviour in the Aryanization of middle-sized companies suggests that the Commerzbank's smaller role was due to its having fewer close contacts with the government and the National Socialist Party. Given the large number of business opportunities and the number of potential investors in the 1930's, would-be buyers had difficulties in finding lucrative investment opportunities. During this period, what banks offered their customers was information. Information of this kind was of particular interest because it had become more and more difficult and even dangerous in the National Socialist system to acquire information from other sources. Thus it can be said that the banks operated successfully as an information network. (Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte / FUB)

The taxonomies of an anti-Jewish legal order -- The secretaries-general : passive collaboration, Belgian law and the Jews, 1940-45 -- The fragility of law: anti-Jewish decrees and Belgian legal elites -- Aryanization, legalized theft and Belgian law -- Belgian municipalities and the introduction of anti-Jewish decrees -- Brussels : passive collaboration and the Jews of the capital -- Communicating, informing, and deciding : the city of Brussels and passive collaboration 1941-44 -- Lioge and its Jews: Hebrew and Polish stores, June 1940 -- Hirsch & co : a case study of Aryanization in Belgium -- Belgian lawyers, Belgian judges, Jewish cases -- Constitutional patriotism and the fragility of law.

The Nazis' initial confiscation measures -- Mounting obstacles to Jewish emigration, 1933--1939 -- The Anschluss and Kristallnacht: accelerating aryanization and confiscation in Austria and Germany, 1938--1939 -- Blocking Jewish accounts and preparations for mass confiscation, 1939--1941 -- Destruction and plunder in the occupied East: Poland, the Soviet Union, and Serbia -- Settling accounts in the wake of the deportations -- Plunder by decree: the confiscation of Jewish property in German-occupied Western Europe -- Sovereign imitations: confiscations by states allied to Nazi Germany -- Receiving stolen property: neutral states and private companies -- Seizure of property and the social dynamics of the Holocaust

This article examines the role of the Ullstein company, a liberal publishing house with Jewish roots and one of Germany's most important cultural producers, in the disintegration and the subsequent historical interpretation of the Weimar Republic. It reconstructs the company's history before and after the Second World War and retraces the public debate about Ullstein's political role to arrive at a more balanced picture of the company's place in twentieth-century Germany. Ullstein portrayed itself as a pillar of democracy during the Weimar era, but distanced itself from this tradition during the economic and political crisis of the late 1920s and early 1930s. After 1945, Ullstein's history was distorted by its use as a political token in the Cold War struggle between the two German states over the 'right' view of Weimar's demise. Western media – most prominently the Axel Springer publishing house – interpreted Ullstein as a symbol of a Jewish-German tradition of Western liberal democracy, while the East German press and some commentators in West Germany accused the company of paving the way for the Nazis. Ultimately, Axel Springer succeeded in integrating an overly positive version of Ullstein's history into West German national identity.