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In our paper we present a corpus of transcribed Lithuanian parliamentary speeches. The corpus is prepared in a specific format, appropriate for different authorship identification tasks. The corpus consists of approximately 111 thousand texts (24 million words). Each text matches one parliamentary speech produced during an ordinary session from the period of 7 parliamentary terms starting on March 10, 1990 and ending on December 23, 2013. The texts are grouped into 147 categories corresponding to individual authors, therefore they can be used for authorship attribution tasks; besides, these texts are also grouped according to age, gender and political views, therefore they are also suitable for author profiling tasks. Whereas short texts complicate recognition of author speaking style and are ambiguous in relation to the style of other authors, we incorporated only texts containing not less than 100 words into the corpus. In order to make each category as comprehensive and representative as possible, we included only those authors, who produced speeches at least 200 times. All the texts are lemmatized, morphologically and syntactically annotated, tokenized into the character n-grams. The statistical information of the corpus is also available. We have also demonstrated that the created corpus can be effectively used in authorship attribution and author profiling tasks with supervised machine learning methods. The corpus structure also allows using it with unsupervised machine learning methods and can be used for creation of rule-based methods, as well as in different linguistic analyses.

In our paper we present a corpus of transcribed Lithuanian parliamentary speeches. The corpus is prepared in a specific format, appropriate for different authorship identification tasks. The corpus consists of approximately 111 thousand texts (24 million words). Each text matches one parliamentary speech produced during an ordinary session from the period of 7 parliamentary terms starting on March 10, 1990 and ending on December 23, 2013. The texts are grouped into 147 categories corresponding to individual authors, therefore they can be used for authorship attribution tasks; besides, these texts are also grouped according to age, gender and political views, therefore they are also suitable for author profiling tasks. Whereas short texts complicate recognition of author speaking style and are ambiguous in relation to the style of other authors, we incorporated only texts containing not less than 100 words into the corpus. In order to make each category as comprehensive and representative as possible, we included only those authors, who produced speeches at least 200 times. All the texts are lemmatized, morphologically and syntactically annotated, tokenized into the character n-grams. The statistical information of the corpus is also available. We have also demonstrated that the created corpus can be effectively used in authorship attribution and author profiling tasks with supervised machine learning methods. The corpus structure also allows using it with unsupervised machine learning methods and can be used for creation of rule-based methods, as well as in different linguistic analyses.

In our paper we present a corpus of transcribed Lithuanian parliamentary speeches. The corpus is prepared in a specific format, appropriate for different authorship identification tasks. The corpus consists of approximately 111 thousand texts (24 million words). Each text matches one parliamentary speech produced during an ordinary session from the period of 7 parliamentary terms starting on March 10, 1990 and ending on December 23, 2013. The texts are grouped into 147 categories corresponding to individual authors, therefore they can be used for authorship attribution tasks; besides, these texts are also grouped according to age, gender and political views, therefore they are also suitable for author profiling tasks. Whereas short texts complicate recognition of author speaking style and are ambiguous in relation to the style of other authors, we incorporated only texts containing not less than 100 words into the corpus. In order to make each category as comprehensive and representative as possible, we included only those authors, who produced speeches at least 200 times. All the texts are lemmatized, morphologically and syntactically annotated, tokenized into the character n-grams. The statistical information of the corpus is also available. We have also demonstrated that the created corpus can be effectively used in authorship attribution and author profiling tasks with supervised machine learning methods. The corpus structure also allows using it with unsupervised machine learning methods and can be used for creation of rule-based methods, as well as in different linguistic analyses.

Recensione di Anna Baldini, A regola d'arte. Storia e geografia del campo letterario italiano (1902-1936) (Quodlibet, 2023).

Radical ethnonationalism has drastically risen in Western politics, largely mobilized by nostalgia for the country's past with homogeneity and Christianity as a cultural symbol against non-Western immigrants, especially Muslims. However, how nostalgia for Christianity's past significance can invoke anti-Muslim sentiments is unknown, especially given that Christianity is increasingly losing its previous status under secularization, resulting in radical backlash from the Christian right. In the current study, I examine whether nostalgia related to religion and the religious–secular gap in the perceived status of religion can induce anti-Muslim attitudes among Christians from 20 Western countries using International Social Survey Programme data and mixed-effect multilevel modeling. Contrary to expectations, anti-Muslim attitudes are stronger for people with higher levels of Christian religiosity and doctrinal belief, and exclusivist view on religion, when they have less religious nostalgia by perceiving a stronger status of religion. Moreover, in countries with a larger religious-secular gap in the perceived status of religion, people holding exclusivist views on religion are more hostile to Muslims. Yet, the findings can still be consistent with theoretical expectations, since anti-Muslim attitudes are likely promoted through backlash from the Christian community against religious diversity, expressed in demands for a larger salience of religion rather than nostalgia.

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag bespricht das in diesem Heft der IHR publizierte Urteil des OLG Köln v. 24.11.2023 - 19 U 146/22. Er setzt sich insbesondere mit der Bedeutung des Merkmals der entgehenden Provisionen aus § 89b Abs. 1 Nr. 2 HGB auseinander.

This study examined the impacts of Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) reportage on Abeokuta residents' opinion of corruption in Buhari's administrations (2015-2023). The objectives were to find out the level of Abeokuta residents' awareness of NTA reportage on corruption in Buhari's administration; examine Abeokuta residents' opinion of NTA's objectivity in reporting corruption during Buhari's administration and ascertain Abeokuta residents' opinion on the impacts of NTA's corruption reportage in Buhari's administration. The Agenda setting theory was the theoretical framework. Survey served as research design while questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. The researchers found that NTA's corruption reportage during Buhari's administration had both positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts include increased pressure on the government to curb corruption, strengthened anti-corruption agencies, and recovery of stolen funds. Based on the findings, it was recommended among other things that the media should give more attention to the issue of corruption to set the agenda for the public to focus on this important issue and that this can be achieved by increasing the frequency and depth of coverage of corruption-related issues.

Dieses Buch ist das Ergebnis langjähriger Anstrengungen hinsichtlich der ersten Ansätze interdisziplinärer Lehre an einer (Fach-)Hochschule. Es dokumentiert als Zeitzeugnis die Bestrebungen von Studierenden mit unterschiedlichen Bildungsbiographien, sich mit der Vergangenheit auseinanderzusetzen. Über einen langen Zeitraum hinweg hat der Editor dieses Bandes die entsprechenden Beiträge zur Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit, die unter seiner wissenschaftlichen Anleitung entstanden sind, gesammelt und zu einem studentischen Sachbuch kompiliert.

Howard Lewis writes to his parents in Melvin Village, Tuftonboro, New Hampshire, from Vietnam on 20 June 1969; he reports that they will be moving north to "the vicinity east and south of Tay Ninh on the 24th," where they will be staying for about 45-60 days and "clearing jungle." He also gives news of Bill Moore at Walter Reed Hospital; Moore is doing well and "should get his new legs in a couple of months." ; Howard C. Lewis graduated from Norwich University in 1966 with a degree in business administration. Following his graduation, he served in the Army's armored branch and was a cavalry troop commander and battalion staff officer in Vietnam in 1969. Transcription by Danielle Dalton. Transcriptions may be subject to error.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with a three-tier fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in the Chinese population. The study was performed between 1987 and 2008 at the Beijing Military General Hospital, in a cohort of army service males and females aged >50 years. Between 1987 and 2005, a three-tier screening program, comprising guaiac-based FOBTs (gFOBTs), followed by immunochemical FOBTs for positive guaiac test samples and then colonoscopy for positive immunochemical test subjects, was performed annually. The cohort was followed up until 2008. The cohort included 5,104 subjects, of which, 3,863 subjects participated in screening (screening group) and 1,241 did not (non-screening group). The two groups did not differ in age, gender or other major risk factors for colon cancer. Overall, 36 CRCs occurred in the screening group and 21 in the non-screening group. Compared with the non-screening group, the relative risk for the incidence and mortality of CRC was 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30-0.87] and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.18-0.71), respectively, in the screening group. The general sensitivity of this three-tier FOBT was 80.6% (95% CI, 65.3-91.1). Thus, annual screening using the three-tier FOBT program may reduce the CRC incidence and mortality rate.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with a three-tier fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in the Chinese population. The study was performed between 1987 and 2008 at the Beijing Military General Hospital, in a cohort of army service males and females aged >50 years. Between 1987 and 2005, a three-tier screening program, comprising guaiac-based FOBTs (gFOBTs), followed by immunochemical FOBTs for positive guaiac test samples and then colonoscopy for positive immunochemical test subjects, was performed annually. The cohort was followed up until 2008. The cohort included 5,104 subjects, of which, 3,863 subjects participated in screening (screening group) and 1,241 did not (non-screening group). The two groups did not differ in age, gender or other major risk factors for colon cancer. Overall, 36 CRCs occurred in the screening group and 21 in the non-screening group. Compared with the non-screening group, the relative risk for the incidence and mortality of CRC was 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30–0.87] and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.18–0.71), respectively, in the screening group. The general sensitivity of this three-tier FOBT was 80.6% (95% CI, 65.3–91.1). Thus, annual screening using the three-tier FOBT program may reduce the CRC incidence and mortality rate.

Статья посвящена рассмотрению основных этапов развития военной юстиции Германии в годы Веймарской республики и нацистского правления. Основное внимание в работе автор уделяет истории германской военно-юридической карательной системы 1933-1945 гг. В ней характеризуются основные положения нормативно-правовых актов, регулирующих процесс организации и деятельности органов военной юстиции. Дан анализ применения правовых норм юридической машиной вермахта в годы Второй мировой войны. Обобщены факты, доказывающие преступную сущность военной юстиции Третьего рейха. ; The author considers the main stages of military justice development in Germany during the years of the Weimar Republic and Nazi government, pays special attention to the history of the German military-juridical punitive system in 1933-1945, within it characterizes the main aspects of the normative-legal acts, which regulated the process of military justice bodies organization and activity, gives the analysis of legal norms implementation by the Wehrmacht juridical machine during World War II, and generalizes the facts proving the criminal nature of the military justice of the Third Reich.