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Complex interdependence is the crucial concept of liberalism. If Liberalism believes in democracy, cooperation, mutual benefits, and human rights, then complex interdependence helps the states to achieve these ideals. Moreover, it also minimizes the chances of conflict and war. The military's role as a tool of foreign policy is limited, and transnational actors take precedence. The core of liberalism and interdependence could be understood more clearly if one applied it to the European Union. With 28 member states, the EU is the most influential intergovernmental organization in the whole world. The EU member states are mostly democratic and can easily be described as welfare states. The multiplex interdependence is a unique feature of the EU which makes it stronger. The EU has different organs which are responsible for drafting the legislature and carrying out different functions of the organization.

This article disputes the prevailing thesis according to which the Soviet revolution represented an irreparable rift in the Western cultural tradition and even a form of destruction of universal culture. The revolution of the Bolsheviks was inspired on the theoretical level by the dialectical method elaborated by classical German philosophy and by Marxism, which constituted the historical continuation of that philosophy. Despite the great contradictions that accompanied it, and which can be explained by the very severe political struggles on the internal and the international level with which it was forced to measure itself, the era of revolution was characterized by a great flowering of political rights, economic and social and inspired a broad cultural renewal movement that has influenced historical processes even beyond Soviet Russia. Keywords: Soviet Revolution; Historical Dialectics; Universal Culture.

Responsiveness and Accountability of City Government to Improve the Statusof Child-Friendly City. This study aims to determine the implementation of responsiveness and accountability of the City Government to improve the status of Decent City Children. The method used qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data obtained from interviews and observation. Secondary data obtained from data collection with documents. Data analysis uses data collection methods, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the responsiveness and accountability of Pekanbaru city government to improve the status of city worthy of children in 2017 is quite optimal This can be seen from the improvement of the fulfillment of children's rights based on 24 indicators of Decent City Children that have been determined from the Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection.

This study aims at describing potentials of halal tourism destination in Aceh by analyzing readiness of tourism destination through perceptions of tourism travel agents and tourists in developing halal tourism in Aceh. This study also produces right strategies to develop halal tourism by tourist destination characteristics. The data and information collection is done through FGD (Focus Group Discussion), in-depth interview and distribution of questionnaire to 327 tourists in Aceh. Based on the result of the study, Aceh is quite optimal in launching halal tourism as its tourism product yet there should be more improvements and strategies for increasing tourist attraction. The result of this study is expected to help the government of Aceh and tourism travel agents in increasing halal tourism potentials and setting strategies in developing halal tourism potentials so they could attract tourists to have halal tourism in Aceh or visit Aceh.

Abstract This paper addresses the processes of territorialization, formation of indigenous associations and ethnogenesis in the Middle Rio Negro that have led to the most recent struggles for official recognition of indigenous lands. The central focus of description and analysis is the antagonism between the aviamento regime and the "community" as modalities of natural resource consumption and strategies for social reproduction. In the Upper Rio Negro, in the mid-1980s, at the heart of a process of inversion of ethnic stigma, crisis of missionary tutelage and developmentalist militarization; the community became the territorial base for political codification of the emerging formation of associations. At the beginning of the 21st century, indigenous associations gained new life in the Middle Rio Negro, clashing with the aviamento regime and intensifying the fight for territorial rights.

The Senatorial practice of the filibuster has a long history of being an established fixture in the U.S. Senate. The filibuster, a senatorial tool and tactic of extended or unlimited debate has a constitutional basis, reason and purpose. The filibuster when implemented in accordance with its constitutional basis can maintain the checks and balance of governmental institutions, preserve true representation of "We the People", protect the individual liberties of the American citizen and the rights of the minority. Thus without the preservation of the filibuster the Senate's ability to conduct their legislative and representative responsibilities on the behalf of their constituents they represent would be in severe jeopardy. Consequently, the Senate must take the position of doing its due diligence to preserve and sustain the fundamental practice of the filibuster for the American citizenry for whom they represent.

Haemophilia is a high cost low volume disease. Being a relatively uncommon condition governments of the day are not very interested in developing comprehensive care for such a condition. Patient's society where such kind of patients come together under one umbrella and fight for their rights and proper management of the condition has important role to play in developing and helping to deliver high standards care in such a condition. Haemophilia Federation of India, a patient's organization played a stellar role in developing haemophilia care in this country and continues to do so today, present article explains how this organization engaged itself through local, national and international interaction in evolving haemophilia care in this country. The present description can act as a template for developing similar architecture of care for rare but difficult and costly to treat disorders'.

The European refugee crisis has become one of the most puzzling aspects of European society and politics. The continent's worst humanitarian crisis since World War II has prompted a novel political and social labyrinth. As European leaders struggle to respond to the increasing number of refugees crossing their countries' borders, divisions tend to become more visible in the public debate. This paper explores the different positions of European public intellectuals: from French intellectuals, such as Finkielkraut, Houellebecq and Onfray, who tend to show sympathy with right-wing Islamophobic populism, to Jürgen Habermas, Zygmunt Bauman, Slavoj Zizek, among others, who appeal to relieve the refugee emergency. Whereas some still condemn war and imperialism, oppression and the violation of universal values, others appear to be embedded in national parochialism and dangerous radical positions. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The introductory article to the special issue discusses terrorism and political violence in the Nordic countries and reviews the state of academic research on the topic. Even though the Nordic countries appear to have suffered from lower levels of terrorism and political violence than many other Western states, they have been less void and peripheral with regard to such phenomena than common wisdom and academic scholarship would suggest. While some notable acts of violence like the July 2011 attacks in Norway have been covered in research literature to a certain degree, other phenomena such as far-right violence in Sweden have attracted less attention. The article discusses the ways in which the analysis of Nordic countries could contribute to the field of research and how articles included in the special issue address existing gaps in literature. ; Peer reviewed

From November 2012 to May 2013, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) rendered its verdicts in four trials involving eight former Croatian, Kosovo, and Serbian military, police and intelligence officials. These acquittals drew the attention of politicians, human rights organisations and victims' associations, each for different reasons. This article focuses on internal political contexts in Croatia, Serbia and Kosovo, following the return of the acquitted officials to their countries. It analyses the use of these verdicts by domestic political elites to legitimise their exclusive narratives of war and shows that these verdicts will be used to achieve goals quite different from those envisaged by international tribunals. The reactions to the acquittals will be analysed as a manifestation of conflicting national political contexts, resulting from a combination of multiple factors between local, national and international actors.

Through an intersectional lens, this article explores whether immigrant women are represented in a sample of Australian government documents aimed at providing information about family violence in Australia, and discusses implications for policy development. The authors find that while these documents pay lip service to the special vulnerabilities of immigrant and refugee women ; arguably, they do not engage with the complexities of the intersection of gender and other social categories. Given that the reports do not focus adequately on how race, ethnicity, culture and immigration status play a role in these women&rsquo ; s experiences of domestic violence, this may limit the effect of policies that address the culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) victims&rsquo ; needs and rights to protection. We argue that a more intersectional approach is necessary to address CALD women&rsquo ; s specific needs.

The introductory article to the special issue discusses terrorism and political violence in the Nordic countries and reviews the state of academic research on the topic. Even though the Nordic countries appear to have suffered from lower levels of terrorism and political violence than many other Western states, they have been less void and peripheral with regard to such phenomena than common wisdom and academic scholarship would suggest. While some notable acts of violence like the July 2011 attacks in Norway have been covered in research literature to a certain degree, other phenomena such as far-right violence in Sweden have attracted less attention. The article discusses the ways in which the analysis of Nordic countries could contribute to the field of research and how articles included in the special issue address existing gaps in literature. ; Peer reviewed

The income inequality in Indonesia reached the highest level during the decentralization era and suspected to be the cause of the slowdown of the economic growth in the last five years to 2015. This paper investigates whether increasing inequality had a positive or negative impact on economic growth in Indonesia. Using dynamic panel and applying Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator, the result concluded that there is a significant positive relationship between income inequality and economic growth. However, this study cannot draw a definite conclusion about the association for the different classes (bottom, middle, and top level) since only one-step system GMM is significant. Based on the result, it implies that the government should be more careful in regulating the inequality policy and understand more about the right mechanism of inequality and economy growth.DOI:10.15408/sjie.v7i2.6177

The verdict delivered by voters in the 2015 and 2017 British General Elections and the European Union Referendum surprised pollsters, pundits, the media, and even the victors. Political choices representative of Globalist outlooks saw defeat at the polls. Liberal Democratic support was below 10% and voting to remain in the EU underperformed predictions. Empirical analyses demonstrate that there is a Nationalist–Globalist policy divide, partially rooted in demographics and authoritarian predispositions, which go beyond traditional valence factors in explaining the recent choices of the British electorate. Moreover, this outlook influences how satisfied citizens are with the way democracy works in Britain. Nationalist viewpoints, when juxtaposed against Globalist outlooks, are salient in a way they were not during the height of Thatcherism, encompass left–right economic concerns and may portend a new era in British political culture.

This study focuses on corporate negotiation of business travel. Although business travel goes beyond the regulations of employed work, which indicates corporate agreement processes, these necessary agreement procedures have undergone little empirical investigation until now. This qualitative study identifies implicit negotiation processes by analysing reciprocal rights and obligations within work relationships. Business travellers base their actions in this respect on specific reciprocal patterns that combine mutual expectations and operational requirements and conditions. The results of the author's research into such normative agreements are empirically based on work and business travel regulations, on mobility-based requirements, working conditions and on mutual expectations relating to work, mobility and private life. Therefore, this study will appeal to mobility researchers, those conducting research into the sociology of work as well as those who work in business management.