Suchergebnisse

A recent government proposal to increase national insurance contributions for the self-employed in the UK, in return for improved pensions and potentially also parental benefits, was immediately reversed. This article analyses the reasons behind this about-turn, linking them to tensions between the goals of thwarting 'bogus' self-employment and increasing tax revenues versus commitment to a higher wage, lower tax, lower welfare economy. The analysis is set in the context of the singularity of the UK system in relation to much social protection in continental Europe, and wider debates about the roles of individual, state and labour market in providing security.

Researchers emphasize the lack of cross-regional research on populism. The few analyses that exist identify two regional populist subtypes: exclusionary in Europe; and inclusionary in Latin America. However, since case studies chosen in each continent belong to opposite political spec-trums, it is still unclear whether the difference found by researchers is related to a regional differ-ence or an ideological one. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate whether the difference is re-ally due to regional contexts or if the discrepancy might have more to do with the ideological dis-parities of the chosen cases studied.

An innovation-driven agenda in regional development policy has emerged in the European Union against the backdrop of peripheralisation, especially in Central and Eastern Europe. Using a discursive analytical framework, the article investigates the ways in which peripheralisation is manifested through language, practices and power-rationalities in Estonian innovation policy discourse. The analysis is footed on key strategic policy documents and semistructured expert interviews. Findings suggest that Estonian innovation policy's main narrative of the 'knowledge-based economy' accepts growing disparities on sub-national level in order to overcome peripherality at European scale and narrows the range of policy solutions perceived as suitable.

Political instability has the potential to disrupt financial markets. But how do political institutions affect financial movements in an environment where all institutions are in flux? This paper looks at the effects of formal and informal political volatility in the new EU countries of central and eastern Europe, in the Eastern Neighborhood, and farther afield in Central Asia to answer this question. Using asymmetric GARCH modeling on monthly data, I find that informal political volatility has a significant negative effect on stock returns, while formal political institutions generate much higher financial volatility than changes in monetary policy.

The past 15 years have seen a fresh approach to management training. One of the areas that has generated the most interest around Europe is how to improve project creation and co-creation, based, among other things, on 4H innovation models (quadruple helix comprising academia, government, industry and civil society) has become firmly established as one of the most important tools. Below is a description of three current cases that illustrate how different 4H actors are tackling the challenge of providing management training for co-creation in context. ; Accomplissh

The present newsletter constitutes a detailed report of the activities conducted by the research group from summer 2017 to spring 2018. The GECEM (Global Encounters between China and Europe: Trade Networks, Consumption and Cultural Exchanges in Macau and Marseille, 1680-1840) project, ref. 679371, is funded by the ERC (European Research Council)-Starting Grant, Horizon 2020 (European Union funding for Research & Innovation of the European Commission) being the Universidad Pablo de Olavide in Seville (Spain) the European host institution (see www.gecem.eu). ; European Research Council ; GECEM Project ; Universidad Pablo de Olavide ; Versión del editor

Nordic co-operation is one of the world's most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic co-operation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Shared Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world's most innovative and competitive.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the TurkStream project in light of the security of demand for Russian natural gas. The analysis focuses on the relations between the EU and Russia, with further focus on Eastern Europe, accompanied by a description of the power engineering actions affecting the old continent from 2014 to date. Based on the analysis, it can be established that although on the face of it, the Russian-inspired project has policy and business goals, but demand security considerations also lie in the background, fuelled by significant geopolitical endeavours.

This chapter describes the general history of research and development work in the Finnish pulp and paper industry from the mid-nineteenth century until roughly 1990, a period that witnessed it undergo drastic changes because of the altered political environment in Europe and general globalization. In addressing its subject, this chapter is mainly concerned with the operation of paper mills, but it also addresses the related subjects of technical research, formal higher education and work-related, practical learning. In addition, it briefly discusses the challenges inherent in researching the development of technology because of its research traditions. ; peerReviewed

Abstract: Migration is a contemporary phenomenon which is deeply rooted in history. The European Union, in spite of its inconveniences, represents a good example of success nowadays, based on social, economic and financial cooperation among the 27 European states. To emigrate in the EU, so as to take advantage of the welfare of this region, is a goal for many inhabitants from Middle Eastand North Africa. Not matter how the situation in the MENA will evolve, the migration from this area to Europe will continue and will have a significant importance in Europeans life, having both positive andnegative aspects.Keywords: migration; population; European Union; MENA.

AbstractThe article offers an alternative account of the evolution, formation, and function of customary international law (CIL) from a third world perspective. It argues that there is an intimate link between the rise, consolidation, and expansion of capitalism in Europe since the nineteenth century and the development of CIL that is concealed by the supposed distinction between "formal" and "material" sources of CIL. In fact, both "traditional" and "modern" CIL sustain the short-term and systemic interests of global capitalism. It proposes a "postmodern" conception of CIL that would contribute to the global common good.

India has been exploring the response to China's growing influence and its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for long. The contours to find viable alternatives to this challenge are now becoming visible. India is slowly transitioning to increased - and previously unthinkable - cooperation with other states in South Asia. Within its extended neighbourhood, India has developed new formats of cooperation with Japan, the USA and Australia that are directly or indirectly positioned against China. For Germany and Europe, this shift in Indian foreign policy opens new avenues for cooperation. (author's abstract)

In an effort to draw attention to the very wide variety of European historical traditions, the editors of Contemporary European History decided to commission a series of essays that will introduce our readers to the diverse historiographies and historical practices being produced in different European languages and national contexts. While this journal has been particularly active in supporting perspectives from transnational, international and global history, we also recognise that the national frame remains crucial for the production of historical narratives throughout Europe, whether it be through the training of historians, or the funding, peer-reviewing, institutionalisation and reception of historical research.

Serbia and the entire Southeastern Europe was affected by considerable demographic, political, and socioeconomic changes in the second half of the twentieth century. The changes in the population were shown as an insufficient birthrate as well as an intense emigration. Apart from these, certain drastic changes in the household structure occurred. This article examines the total changes in the household number on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, with the municipality of Sokobanja as a prominent example. Other aims of the research are the analysis of the household composition and economic characteristics of the households.

Designing innovative social investment at the supranational levelIn this paper, social innovations are presented from the perspective of the project Innovative Social Invest­ment: Strengthening communities in Europe, InnoSI, No 649189. The project has been implemented within the framework of the program: Horizon 2020-EU36The study was intended to identify innovative ap­proaches to social investment at national and regional level in 28 EU Member States, with in-depth case studies conducted in 10 Member States. The purpose of this article is to answer the question: whether de­signing social innovations and anticipating social trends at transnational level is an effective measure.