Suchergebnisse

The article deals with the Lithuanian criminal policy and its impact on the activities of the correctional system. The research is based on statistical, historical aspect of everyone associated with crime and the analysis of data of individuals, both in Lithuania and some data for comparative analysis with European countries. It also contains some predictive data relating to public criminal policy analysis. Explanations for the findings, analyses in this respect, the deteriorating situation in the statistical data and to indicate further changes to improve the situation are addressed. In addition to member governments influence to current political changes and the long-term management plans (strategy). Government and the governing party do not have a common long-term strategy of criminal policy, there is also a lack of cooperation between different law-enforcement authorities in the field of criminal justice policy formation. [.]

This expert panel is addressing access to justice problems. People without access to lawyers and legal services suffer in many ways not limited to divorce, domestic violence, and educational roadblocks. This panel will ask what lawyers can do to help, in what ways can technology help or replace lawyers in the delivery of legal and non-legal services. It will also explore different legal services being offered by individuals who do not have a JD, online firms, and developing technology in a law firm owed subsidiary. There are six panelists who are broken into two categories: (1) the innovation and delivery of legal services; and (2) technology innovation and justice.

A dual approach of the food sector -- based on distinguishing between agricultural products and foodstuffs -- has long time prevailed in Community law. Therefore, products which aimed at carrying out a common function -- feeding -- have been regulated on distinct legal bases, which led to reaching different objectives and implementing different legislative procedures. This approach has, obviously, been questioned since the beginning of the crisis of the mad cow's disease in March 1996. Although this crisis seemed at first glance, to be conjunctural, it had, among other consequences, a great impact on how to apprehend the food sector and led to a new approach of its legal status. Being largely reorganised, this status tends to become the framework of a coherent action, since it recognises the food chain concept and develops instruments suited for risk management. Moreover, the food-security goal now leads all the Community's action which is based on the principles of precaution and prevention. There should be a full articulation between these new orientations and the requirements in the multilateral agreements signed under the control of the WTO. These new orientations also tend to acknowledge the right to the protection of Health and to information granted to consumers. Should one go further and grand them with a fundamental right to security ? ; Une approche juridique duale du secteur alimentaire -- fondée sur la distinction entre les produits agricoles et les denrées alimentaires -- a longtemps prévalu en droit communautaire. Les produits destinés à satisfaire une fonction commune -- l'alimentation -- ont donc été réglementés sur des fondements juridiques distincts, entraînant ainsi la poursuite d'objectifs et la mise en œuvre de procédures législatives différents. Une remise en cause de cette approche est manifeste depuis le déclenchement de la crise de la " Vache folle " en mars 1996. Crise de prime abord conjoncturelle, elle a eu de nombreuses implications notamment quant au mode d'appréhension de tout le secteur alimentaire, dont elle invite à revisiter le statut juridique. Largement réorganisé, celui-ci tend à devenir le cadre d'une action cohérente grâce à la consécration de la notion de chaîne alimentaire et au développement d'instruments adaptés à la gestion des risques. De plus, la poursuite de l'objectif de sécurité alimentaire oriente désormais toute l'action communautaire fondée sur les principes de précaution et de prévention. Ces nouvelles orientations devront être pleinement articulées avec les exigences des accords multilatéraux conclus dans le cadre de l'OMC et, par ailleurs, elles confortent, peu à peu, les droits à la protection de la santé et à l'information reconnus aux consommateurs. Faudrait-il au-delà leur reconnaître un droit fondamental à la sécurité ?

ABSTRACT
Originally, the multilateral trading regime did not address state capitalism in a comprehensive manner, since none of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade founders had espoused this form of economic governance. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade did contain specific provisions dealing with state trading and with subsidies, but nothing more. This situation has remained unchanged over the years, except for tightening the screws in areas already regulated (like subsidies), even though the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization membership has become more and more heterogenous, with some members being overtly state capitalists. This was the case because these new members were either too small to really matter (e.g. Hungary) or because it was hoped that bigger players would transform into market economies (e.g. China). In hindsight, this has proved to be a grave error, since many of the difficulties that the world trading system currently faces originate in the unsatisfactory disciplining of state intervention in the workings of the economy of World Trade Organization members.

Preliminary Material /Christopher Greenwood and L.H. McCormack -- Chapter 1. From Ove to Bring /Marie Jacobsson -- Chapter 2. The Writings of Ove Bring /Marie Jacobsson -- Chapter 3. Legal Restraints on the Use of Armed Force /Hans Blix -- Chapter 4. Individual Responsibility under National and International Law for the Conduct of Armed Conflict /Iain Cameron -- Chapter 5. Reflections on the Security Council and Its Mandate to Maintain International Peace and Security /Hans Corell -- Chapter 6. National Sovereignty and Responsibility for Spent Nuclear Fuel /Per Cramr -- Chapter 7. The Developing Relationship between Law and Politics in the United Nations Human Rights Council /Gudmundur Eiriksson -- Chapter 8. The Future of Human Rights Law in Peace Operations /Ola Engdahl -- Chapter 9. Sense and Sensibility in Sentencing - Taking Stock of International Criminal Punishment /Frederik Harhoff -- Chapter 10. Submarine Operations and International Law /Wolff Heintschel Von Heinegg -- Chapter 11. Occupation and Sovereignty - Still a Useful Distinction? /Martti Koskenniemi -- Chapter 12. The Second Lebanon War: Reflections on the 2006 Israeli Military Operations against Hezbollah /Said Mahmoudi -- Chapter 13. Cluster Munitions, Proportionality and the Foreseeability of Civilian Damage /Timothy L. H. McCormack and Paramdeep B. Mtharu -- Chapter 14. Sacrificial Violence and Targeting in International Humanitarian Law /Gregor Noll -- Chapter 15. J.-J. Rousseau and the Law of Armed Force /Allan Rosas -- Chapter 16. Secession, Self-determination of 'Peoples' and Recognition - the Case of Kosovo's Declaration of Independence and International Law /Per Sevastik -- Chapter 17. Fighting for Justice: Ke Hammarskjld at the Permanent Court of International Justice /Ole Spiermann -- Chapter 18. Do We Need a World Court of Human Rights? /Geir Ulfstein -- Chapter 19. Neutrality, Impartiality and Our Responsibility to Uphold International Law /Pl Wrange -- Chapter 20. The Diluted, Dismantled, Disjointed and Resilient Old Collective Security System or Decision-making and the Use of Force - the Law as It Could Be /Inger Sterdahl -- Index /Christopher Greenwood and L.H. McCormack -- International Humanitarian Law Series /Christopher Greenwood and L.H. McCormack.

Introduction -- A mid-channel jurisdiction : Jersey as a mixed legal system -- Basic principles of contract law from a comparative perspective -- The formation of a contract -- Undermining a contract : vices de consentement -- Effects of contracts -- Comparing remedies -- Comparative law lessons and reform issues

Legal advisers working in the institutions of the European Union exercise significant power, but very little is known about their work. Notwithstanding the handful of cases where legal matters find their way into the news, legal advice remains invisible in EU policy making. For more than ten years Päivi Leino-Sandberg was a part of the invisible community of EU legal advisers, and participated in the exercise of their power. In this book, she shares her insights about how law and lawyers work in the EU institutions, and what their role and impact is on EU decisions from within the decision-making structure. She draws on interviews with over sixty EU lawyers and policymakers: legal experts who interpret the Treaties within the Institutions, draft legislation and defend the Institutions before the EU Court. Telling the true stories behind key negotiations, this book explores the interplay and tensions between legal requirements and political ambitions