Suchergebnisse

International audience ; A variety of public economic policy measures have been designed and implemented in an effort to enable SMEs to limit damages resulting from the adverse sanitary and economic shocks associated with COVID-19. The originality of our study is to propose a rating of the various economic policy measures, the rating being expressed by SMEs owners conditional to their business expectations. In so doing, our contribution is to highlight the policy measures to be implemented in order to support resilient and ambitious ventures with the most positive prospects, which are likely to contribute the most to economic recovery. We exploit an original and rich dataset derived from a survey conducted in May 2020 among a representative sample of more than 2100 Belgian (Walloon) SMEs. The Belgian experience is remarkable because the wide variety of measures it undertook echoes many of the measures taken by OECD countries. Our results suggest that the respondents have an overall positive evaluation of the various economic and social policy measures implemented by the Belgian authorities. More importantly, the rating by SME owners with the most favorable expectations are, however, significantly different than their counterpart. Measures helping firms to maintain their workforce are particularly highly rated by firms with the best prospects. It also appears that those firms prefer short-term and transitory measures.

This research report presents a software called GR, for "Groupe et rattache", which invites the user to produce the structure of sentences in French step by step (http://gr.19c.fr). We first present the objectives of the game and then justify the general approach and representation adopted for the syntax structure. Finally, reference is made to possible developments in the prototype, from a software, pedagogical or linguistic point of view. ; Ce rapport de recherche présente un logiciel baptisé GR, pour « groupe et rattache », qui invite l'utilisateur à produire pas à pas la structure de phrases en français (http://gr.19c.fr). On présente d'abord les objectifs du jeu, puis on justifie l'approche générale et la représentation adoptée pour la structure syntaxique. Enfin, on évoque les développements possibles du prototype, du point de vue logiciel, pédagogique ou linguistique.

Das für Kämmerer, Kommunalpolitiker und Restrukturierer gleichermaßen bedeutsame Werk schafft eine Lösung für den Umgang mit notleidenden Kommunalhaushalten. Zur Haushaltskonsolidierung wird ein Sanierungsrahmen entwickelt, der die wirtschaftliche Leistungsfähigkeit von Kommunen wiederherstellt und ihnen durch eine Entschuldung neue Handlungsspielräume verschafft, ohne ihre Fremdkapitalfinanzierung zu gefährden. Der Ansatz löst sich vom Insolvenzrecht und greift auf die emanzipierten, dem Vertragsrecht entspringenden Prinzipien des Restrukturierungsrechts zurück, welche mit jenen des Kommunalrechts kombiniert werden.

Arguably the most powerful artifact of the 20th century, the private car brought profound spatial, social, and cultural changes, as well as wide-ranging mobility justice implications. Autonomous mobility technologies, with the power to supplant part or all of the action of the driver by collecting and processing large quantities of fine grained data, promise to shift power away from users to engineers and create new important spatial and social implications for mobility justice, of which little are known. This research draws from Foucauldian conceptualizations adapted for the study of geographies of power to investigate how autonomous mobility technology may diagram spatial rationalities and moralities into the built environment. To that effect, it draws from 30 interviews of intermediaries in Finland–a country actively pursuing a transition to automated and shared mobility as part of an ICT-driven innovation policy. Examining autonomous mobility through a Foucauldian lens helps highlight the complex power relations it affords–in terms of changes in social structure and infrastructure, and social justice. By shedding light on how technology may structure the built environment, the Foucauldian perspective shows itself to be a valuable tool for planning and policymaking, providing insight into how autonomous mobility (in)justice may be assembled.

National audience ; Governments worldwide are increasingly concerned about the booming use of CBD (cannabidiol) products. However, we know little about the impact of their liberalization. We study a unique case of unintended liberalization of a CBD-based product (light cannabis) that occurred in Italy in 2017. Using unique and high-frequency data on prescription drug sales and by exploiting the staggered local availability of the new product in each Italian province, we document a significant substitution effect between light cannabis and anxiolytics, sedatives, opioids, anti-depressants and anti-psychotics. Results are informative for regulators and suggest that bans on light cannabis use would disregard the needs of patients to seek effective reliefs of their symptoms.

Presentation slides for Alejandro Benito-Santos' Ph.D. thesis: "Supporting Methodology Transfer in Visualization Research with Literature-Based Discovery and Visual Text Analytics." Abstract: The increasing specialization of science has recently motivated a rapid fragmentation of well-established disciplines into communities of interdisciplinary practice. This decomposition can be observed in a type of visualization practice known as problem-driven visualization research. Here, interdisciplinary teams of domain and visualization experts collaborate in a specific area of knowledge such as the digital humanities, bioinformatics, computer security, or sports science. This thesis proposes a series of methods inspired by recent advances in automated text analysis and knowledge representation to promote adequate communication and transference of knowledge between these communities. The discovered methods were combined into a visual text analytics interface for scientific discovery, GlassViz, that was designed with these aims in mind. The tool was first tested in the digital humanities domain to explore a large corpus of general-purpose visualization papers. GlassViz was adapted in a later study to support different data sources representative of these communities, showing evidence that the proposed approach is also a valid alternative to address the fragmentation problem in visualization research.

The carta pentha et vehuta de la seigneurie d'Albi is the oldest known representation to date of both part of the city of Albi and the Castral City of Puygouzon. The view was drawn in the first quarter of the 14th century in a dispute between the Bishop of Albi and the teacher of Puygouzon concerning the contested boundaries of the two low medieval communities. ; International audience ; The carta pentha et vehuta de la seigneurie d'Albi is the oldest known representation to date of both part of the city of Albi and the Castral City of Puygouzon. The view was drawn in the first quarter of the 14th century in a dispute between the Bishop of Albi and the teacher of Puygouzon concerning the contested boundaries of the two low medieval communities. ; La carta pentha et vehuta de la seigneurie d'Albi constitue la plus ancienne représentation connue à ce jour tant d'une partie de la ville d'Albi que du bourg castral de Puygouzon. La vue est dressée dans le premier quart du XIVe siècle à l'occasion d'un litige opposant l'évêque d'Albi et le seigneur de Puygouzon au sujet des limites contestées des deux communautés bas médiévales.

Während über wesentliche Komponenten der außen- und sicherheitspolitischen Ausrichtung lange Zeit ein parteiübergreifender Konsens bestand, haben sich seit 2015 beträchtliche Neuerungen ergeben. Ein Grundpfeiler bleibt jedoch die enge Partnerschaft mit den USA. (APuZ)