Suchergebnisse

This open access book examines the significance of gay neighborhoods (or 'gayborhoods') from critical periods of formation during the gay liberation and freedom movements of the 1960s and 1970s, to proven durability through the HIV/AIDS pandemic during the 1980s and 1990s, to a mature plateau since 2000. The book provides a framework for contemplating the future form and function of gay neighborhoods. Social and cultural shifts within gay neighborhoods are used as a framework for understanding the decades-long struggle for LGBTQ+ rights and equality. Resulting from gentrification, weakening social stigma, and enhanced rights for LGBTQ+ people, gay neighborhoods have recently become "less gay," following a 50-year period of resilience. Meanwhile, other neighborhoods are becoming "more gay," due to changing preferences of LGBTQ+ individuals and a propensity for LGBTQ+ families to form community in areas away from established gayborhoods. The current 'plateau' in the evolution of gay neighborhoods is characterized by generational differences—between Baby Boom pioneers and Millennials who favour broad inclusivity—signaling various possible trajectories for the future 'afterlife' of these important LGBTQ+ urban spaces. The complicating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic provides a point of comparison for lessons learned from gay neighborhoods and the LGBTQ+ community that bravely endured the onset of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in various disciplines—including sociology, social work, anthropology, gender and sexuality, LGTBQ+ and queer studies, as well as urban geography, architecture, and city planning—and to policymakers and advocates concerned with LGBTQ+ rights and social justice.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- 1 Basic concepts of cultural economics -- 1.1 Starting from the special nature of cultural products -- 1.1.1 Cultural products -- 1.1.2 Two transaction processes -- 1.1.3 Whether it is one transaction process or two transaction processes, the special nature of cultural products does not go away -- 1.1.3.1 The lag in the social evaluation of cultural products -- 1.1.3.2 What are the criteria for the social evaluation of cultural products? -- 1.1.3.3 Are the social evaluation standards for cultural products static or do they change? If the criteria for the social evaluation of cultural products change, then how do they change? -- 1.2 Social evaluation of the use value of cultural products -- 1.2.1 Social evaluation of the use value of goods -- 1.2.2 The difference between the use value of cultural products and general goods -- 1.2.3 How should we evaluate and look at the use value of cultural products? -- 1.3 Economic benefits of cultural products creation -- 1.3.1 The creators' costs in cultural products -- 1.3.2 Resource allocation efficiency and the resource allocation adjustment of creating producers of cultural products -- 1.3.3 Introduction of the third efficiency concept: X efficiency and the production status of cultural products -- 1.3.3.1 Inconsistent collective goals and personal goals -- 1.3.3.2 Disharmony with individual employees and between employees -- 1.3.3.3 How to guide employees to get rid of their "inertia range" -- 1.3.3.4 The premium of cultural products -- 1.4 Social benefits of cultural products creation -- 1.4.1 Judgement and determination of the social benefits of cultural products creation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- 1. Smart society: The critical sense of a world strategy -- Around and within the 'smart' world -- From theory to practice: the heart of the question -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 2. Smart politics: The political dimension of 'smartness' -- Introduction -- Politics and smartness: does 'smart politics' exist? -- Politics, smartness and undemocratic trends -- Some short mentions about the institutional praxis: the need for a long-term vision -- Conclusion -- References -- 3. Smart people and prosumers: The individual challenge to the Fourth Industrial Revolution -- Introduction -- The post-industrial society and the smart people -- The world of cognitive capitalism: the role of network and connectivity -- From consumer to prosumer in the era of access -- Smart choices: attention to environmental sustainability and ethical consumerism -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 4. Smart community: A new way of being together? -- Introduction to the smart community -- The smart community in community-society dichotomy -- Smart community and smart city: features and differences -- The role of trust -- Conclusion: the future of smart community -- Notes -- References -- 5. Home smart home: A sociology of living in the age of reflective materialism -- Reflexive modernity: a critical analysis of the domotic drift -- From home to smart home -- A look inside: the features of the smart home -- Reflection points: the ethical responsibility of smart home -- Conclusion: is it time for new values? -- References -- 6. From theory to empiricism: The challenge to the future of the Sapienza University at Solar Decathlon Middle East -- Introduction -- A European vision: Horizon 2020 -- The competition: Solar Decathlon Middle East 2018 -- The case study: ReStart4Smart -- Conclusions.

Intro -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Panel Data Econometrics: A Gentle Introduction -- 1.2 R for Econometric Computing -- 1.3 plm for the Casual R User -- 1.4 plm for the Proficient R User -- 1.5 plm for the R Developer -- 1.6 Notations -- Chapter 2: The Error Component Model -- 2.1 Notations and Hypotheses -- 2.2 Ordinary Least Squares Estimators -- 2.3 The Generalized Least Squares Estimator -- 2.4 Comparison of the Estimators -- 2.5 The Two‐ways Error Components Model -- 2.6 Estimation of a Wage Equation -- Chapter 3: Advanced Error Components Models -- 3.1 Unbalanced Panels -- 3.2 Seemingly Unrelated Regression -- 3.3 The Maximum Likelihood Estimator -- 3.4 The Nested Error Components Model -- Chapter 4: Tests on Error Component Models -- 4.1 Tests on Individual and/or Time Effects -- 4.2 Tests for Correlated Effects -- 4.3 Tests for Serial Correlation -- 4.4 Tests for Cross‐sectional Dependence -- Chapter 5: Robust Inference and Estimation for Non‐spherical Errors -- 5.1 Robust Inference -- 5.2 Unrestricted Generalized Least Squares -- Chapter 6: Endogeneity -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Instrumental Variables Estimator -- 6.3 Error Components Instrumental Variables Estimator -- 6.4 Estimation of a System of Equations -- 6.5 More Empirical Examples -- Chapter 7: Estimation of a Dynamic Model -- 7.1 Dynamic Model and Endogeneity -- 7.2 GMM Estimation of the Differenced Model -- 7.3 Generalized Method of Moments Estimator in Differences and Levels -- 7.4 Inference -- 7.5 More Empirical Examples -- Chapter 8: Panel Time Series -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Heterogeneous Coefficients -- 8.3 Cross‐sectional Dependence and Common Factors -- 8.4 Nonstationarity and Cointegration -- Chapter 9: Count Data and Limited Dependent Variables.

The 2030 Agenda has provided new impetus to two facets of the struggle for poverty alleviation, which is a central goal of the international development community. First, poverty is no longer viewed strictly in monetary terms, but rather as a multidimensional phenomenon. Second, the need to reduce poverty for different social groups and not just at the aggregate, national level is explicitly recognised. Against this background, this paper has three objectives: (1) to analyse the trends in multidimensional poverty in low- and middle-income countries, (2) to explore rural-urban differences in poverty over time, and (3) to assess the validity of the claim that there has been a feminisation of poverty. The analysis relies on a new indicator of multidimensional poverty, the Global Correlation Sensitive Poverty Index (G-CSPI), that incorporates three key components: education, employment and health. The G-CSPI has several methodological advantages over existing measures, including that it is an individual rather than a household-level measure of poverty, which is crucial for gender-disaggregated analysis. Regarding aggregate trends, this paper shows that both income poverty and multidimensional poverty fell between 2000 and 2012. However, the decline in (extreme) income poverty in percentage terms was twice as large as the decline in multidimensional poverty. There is significant heterogeneity in the results across regions. Multidimensional poverty declined the most in Asia, converging towards the relatively low levels of Latin America and Europe, while sub-Saharan Africa's slow progress further distanced it from other regions. These findings point to the existence of poverty traps and indicate that more efforts are needed to eradicate poverty. [...]

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 When to Seek the Help of a Counselor -- Why Should I Seek a Counselor in Particular, or at All for That Matter? -- How Would I Know If I Should See a Counselor? -- Developmental and Situational Crisis -- The Johari Window -- Signs and Symptoms of Stress -- How Would I Know If Someone Close to Me Should See a Counselor? -- What Are Appropriate Goals to Bring to a Counselor? -- What Are Realistic Expectations to Have of Counseling? -- Getting the Most From Your Counseling Sessions: Setting Goals, Determining Expectations, and Creating an Agenda -- Counseling Is Different From Social Conversation -- More Examples of Possible Counseling Goals -- What Are Things Counselors Can and Cannot Do? -- With What Kinds of Issues or Problems Do Counselors Assist Clients? -- Chapter 2 The Types of Counseling Practice -- What Is Individual Counseling? -- What Is Couples Counseling? -- What Is Group Counseling? -- What Is Family Counseling? -- How Do I Know Which Type of CounselingIs Best for My Situation? -- What Are the Similarities and Differences Between the Types of Counseling? -- What Ethical Guidelines Must Counselors Follow in the United States? -- What Ethical Guidelines Must Counselors Follow in Canada? -- What Ethical Guidelines Must All Counselors Follow? -- Chapter 3 The Various Approaches to Counseling Practice -- Which Approaches Focus More on Delving Into the Past? -- Psychoanalytic Approach -- Psychodynamic Approaches -- Which Approaches Focus More on Looking at the Present? -- Behavioral Approaches -- Cognitive and Cognitive Behavior Approaches -- Humanistic Approaches -- The Person-Centered Approach -- Existential Approaches -- Which Approaches Have More of a Future Focus? -- The Narrative Approach -- The Solution-Focused Approach.

Marvin is a contract hog farmer in Iowa. He owns his land, his barn, his tractor, and his animal crates. He has seen profits drop steadily for the last twenty years and feels trapped. Josh is a dairy farmer on a cooperative in Massachusetts. He doesn't own his cows, his land, his seed, or even all of his equipment. Josh has a healthy income and feels like he's made it. In The Food Sharing Revolution, Michael Carolan tells the stories of traditional producers like Marvin, who are being squeezed by big agribusiness, and entrepreneurs like Josh, who are bucking the corporate food system. The difference is Josh has eschewed the burdens of individual ownership and is tapping into the sharing economy. Josh and many others are sharing tractors, seeds, kitchen space, their homes, and their cultures. They are business owners like Dorothy, who opened her bakery with the help of a no-interest, crowd-sourced loan. They are chefs like Camilla, who introduces diners to her native Colombian cuisine through peer-to-peer meal sharing. Their success is not only good for aspiring producers, but for everyone who wants an alternative to monocrops and processed foods. The key to successful sharing, Carolan shows, is actually sharing. He warns that food, just like taxis or hotels, can be co-opted by moneyed interests. But when collaboration is genuine, the sharing economy can offer both producers and eaters freedom, even sovereignty. The result is a healthier, more sustainable, and more ethical way to eat.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Introduction: Toward a New Enlightenment -- Part One: Ethics and the Planetary Society -- Introduction to Part One -- 1. Humanist Ethics: Eating the Forbidden Fruit -- 2. The Relevance of Science to Ethics -- 3. The Twenty-First Century and Beyond: The Need for a New Global Ethic and a Declaration of Interdependence -- Part Two: Democratic Ideas, Pluralism -- Introduction to Part Two -- 4. Humanism and the Freedom of the Individual -- 5. Democracy without Theology: Dialogue with Evangelists -- 6. Excellence and Irrelevance: Democracy and the Higher Learning -- 7. Misuses of Civil Disobedience -- 8. The Limits of Tolerance -- 9. Beyond Multiculturalism: Toward a Humanist Universalism -- 10. Will Secularism Survive? -- Part Three: Skepticism: Science and Antiscience -- Introduction to Part Three -- 11. The Scientific Attitude vs. Antiscience and Pseudoscience -- 12. Antireason -- 13. Science and the Paranormal: An Overview -- 14. Skepticism about the Paranormal: Legitimate and Illegitimate -- Part Four: Atheism, Humanism, and Religion -- Introduction to Part Four -- 15. Humanism and the Open Society: Dialogues with Marxists and Roman Catholics -- 16. Militant Atheism vs. Freedom of Conscience: Reflections on the Moscow Atheist/Humanist Dialogue -- 17. Humanism and Atheism: Exploring Similarities and Differences -- 18. The Church under Siege: Reflections on the Vatican/Humanist Dialogue -- 19. The Argument from Revelation Reexamined -- 20. Is Life Meaningful in a Universe without God? -- 21. Finding a Common Ground between Believers and Unbelievers -- 22. The Growth of Fundamentalism Worldwide: A Humanist Response -- Part Five: Paul Kurtz in Person and in Action -- Introduction to Part Five -- 23. In Defense of Eupraxophy -- 24. Promethean Love: Unbound

It is broadly recognized that black style had a clear and profound influence on the history of dress in the twentieth century, with black culture and fashion having long been defined as cool . Yet despite this high profile, in-depth explorations of the culture and history of style and dress in the African diaspora are a relatively recent area of enquiry. The Birth of Cool asserts that cool is seen as an arbiter of presence, and relates how both iconic and ordinary black individuals and groups have marked out their lives through the styling of their bodies. Focusing on counter- and sub-cultural contexts, this book investigates the role of dress in the creation and assertion of black identity. From the gardenia corsage worn by Billie Holiday to the work-wear of female African-Jamaican market traders, through to the home-dressmaking of black Britons in the 1960s, and the meaning of a polo-neck jumper as depicted in a 1934 self-portrait by African-American artist Malvin Gray Johnson, this study looks at the ways in which the diaspora experience is expressed through self-image. Spanning the late nineteenth century to the modern day, the book draws on ready-made and homemade fashion, photographs, paintings and films, published and unpublished biographies and letters from Britain, Jamaica, South Africa, and the United States to consider how personal style statements reflect issues of racial and cultural difference. The Birth of Cool is a powerful exploration of how style and dress both initiate and confirm change, and the ways in which they expresses identity and resistance in black culture

"Alongside China's vast material development, there came a change of its mental habits, largely affected by the technological revolution in the means of mass communication. This book shows how such a change has brought — and yet been brought by — a new form of pictorial thought, essentially sensuous and imagery, which is suggesting a possible future for the world. Today's China is different from what it used to be; the Maoist years appear, even to the official mind, an absurdity; and this difference is evident in the replacement of the Maoist mass-politics by what should be called "Moral politics", which is petty and personal. It is the moralizing practice that characterizes today's China, when the birth of so-called "ordinary people", taken as a collection of individual authors of their own private lives and personal stories, became an acknowledged social fact, proliferating in all kinds of mass media. This study traces the birth of "ordinary people" to the beginning of the century, when the reformation of the political in terms of personal dilemmas or moral groans began. From the beginning of this century, the moral content of Chinese politics is more and more fulfilled by such as problems of marriage or sexual affairs. In other words, this is participant observation of an affective change in the Chinese mind, where and when sociology became photographic, i.e. the photographer a natural sociologist, and the mold of Facebook or Wechat communication has reshaped the ideographic tradition of its writing system. This is yet another "Cultural Revolution" on the ruins of the Maoist revolution."--

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Preface to the Bloomsbury Revelations edition -- The Mothers Who Disappeared -- Writing Neither Man nor Beast -- Representations -- Note -- Works Cited -- Preface -- Acknowledgments for the Bloomsbury Revelations edition -- Part One Examining the Arrogant Eye -- Chapter 1 Eating Animals -- The Case of the False Mass Term -- The Sexual Politics of Meat -- The Trojan Horse of the Nutrition Community -- Chapter 2 The Arrogant Eye and Animal Experimentation -- Problem 1: The Arrogant Eye: The Human Male Gaze -- Problem 2: Animal Experimentation -- Problem 3: The Dominant Reality -- Problem 4: Strangers and Other Victims -- Problem 5: The Combining of Categories -- Problem 6: Knowledge -- Problem 7: Agents and Sadism -- Problem 8: Consumption -- Problem 9: What's the Difference? -- Chapter 3 Abortion Rights and Animal Rights -- Premise 1: We Must Not Lose Sight of the Individual -- Premise 2: Self-determination for Women and the Other Animals -- Premise 3: The "Sentiency" of the Fetus and of Animals Are Not Similar -- Premise 4: Our Definition of Personhood Is Culture-Bound -- Premise 5: The Moral Dilemmas of Abortion Rights and Animal Rights Are Different -- Premise 6: Identification with the Vulnerable Requires Defining Vulnerability -- Premise 7: Abortion Rights Contributes to a Nonanthropocentric Ethic -- Premise 8: A Striking Similarity Exists in the Medical Profession's Role in Making Abortion Illegal and in Opposing Antivivisectionism -- Premise 9: Animal Defenders' Antiviolence Stance Should Align It with Women -- Premise 10: The Argument about Nonbeing Reveals the Subjective Male Stance -- Artist's Statement: Some Thoughts on slink -- Chapter 4 On Beastliness and a Politics of Solidarity -- The Politics of Otherness -- The Animalizing Discourse of Racism

Bear Markets: When finance turns upside down -- Acknowledgements -- By the same author -- Diagrams -- Introduction -- 1 The long-term equity top -- Past equity bear markets -- Nobody wins in an equity bear market -- 2 Why are there recurrent financial crises? -- The financial system limit -- Economic cycles have changed -- The hierarchy of economic cycles -- The new economic cycle and the financial system limit -- The new economic cycle and stock markets -- 3 The global economy, finance, business and politics -- Taking a broad view -- The changing financial environment -- Deep within finance -- The failure of economic policy -- The future path of interest rates -- Business -- Pricing power and overheads -- The outlook for business -- Families -- Politics -- 4 Bull and bear markets -- Bull markets -- Bear markets -- Differences between bull and bear markets -- The price/volume relationship -- The wave pattern -- The present story versus discounting the future -- Sentiment and opinion -- Investor behaviour -- Why bear markets matter -- Bear market example: Oil -- The present equity bear market -- When did the bear market start? How long will it last? -- Stories about bear markets -- Tools and seasonalities -- Resistance levels and true bottoms -- 5 Lessons from Japan -- The boom and bust economy -- Boom and bust in the Japanese stock market -- 1 "Japan is different" -- 2 "Too late to sell" -- 3 "Fundamentally sound" -- 4 "Not the time to sell" -- 5 "A new bull market" -- From 1994 to 2012 -- Abenomics -- 6 Financial strategy turns upside down -- Financial planning in the bear market -- How will the bear market affect the financial services industry? -- Computer algorithms -- 7 Avoiding mistakes -- Learning from the past -- Common mistakes -- Mass delusions -- Trading errors -- Trading costs -- Time-frame errors -- Individual investor errors

Language Teachers' Professional Knowledge Landscapes is a collection of fourteen narratives from teachers of different languages, at different school levels, in different contexts across Australia.This volume brings together not simply language teacher stories, but also more political stories of the problems associated with school programs and contexts. Highlighted through these stories are some of the major political issues in schools that impact language teachers' work, and their students' success in sustained language study. The book is conceptually framed by the work of Clandinin and Connelly (1996) and their notion of 'levels' of stories told by teachers about their classrooms: the secret, the sacred and the cover stories. The term 'professional knowledge landscape' is used to indicate how teachers can critically situate their work, and thereby understand it better.The collection includes the stories of two outstanding primary language educators, and a story of mixed success in a rural program in teaching the local Aboriginal language (Ngarrabul). There are stories of frustration with policy failures, particularly in supporting the learning of Asian languages. Many of the teacher narrators ask the confronting question: 'What blocks language learning in Australia?' They offer the strategies which they have developed, that they see making a difference. Other narratives offer autoethnographic tracking of careers, for example, as a teacher of Latin and Classics, Japanese, French, Spanish, Russian, and of teachers' ongoing vigour and creativity in advocacy. A number of teachers examine their own identity story for the intercultural learning, which they then offer and extend in student learning. Consistently expressed, there is the need for teachers to take up individual responsibility, while still being strongly supported by their professional

Based on spontaneous conversations of shantytown youth hanging out on the streets of their neighborhoods and interviews from the comfortable living rooms of the middle class, Jennifer Roth-Gordon shows how racial ideas permeate the daily lives of Rio de Janeiro's residents across race and class lines. Race and the Brazilian Body weaves together the experiences of these two groups to explore what the author calls Brazil's "comfortable racial contradiction," where embedded structural racism that privileges whiteness exists alongside a deeply held pride in the country's history of racial mixture and lack of overt racial conflict. This linguistic and ethnographic account describes how cariocas (people who live in Rio de Janeiro) "read" the body for racial signs. The amount of whiteness or blackness a body displays is determined not only through observations of phenotypical features-including skin color, hair texture, and facial features-but also through careful attention paid to cultural and linguistic practices, including the use of nonstandard speech commonly described as gíria (slang). Vivid scenes from daily interactions illustrate how implicit social and racial imperatives encourage individuals to invest in and display whiteness (by demonstrating a "good appearance"), avoid blackness (a preference challenged by rappers and hip-hop fans), and "be cordial" (by not noticing racial differences). Roth-Gordon suggests that it is through this unspoken racial etiquette that Rio residents determine who belongs on the world famous beaches of Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon; who deserves to shop in privatized, carefully guarded, air conditioned shopping malls; and who merits the rights of citizenship

" For a century, social scientists have avoided genetics like the plague. But in the past decade, a small but intrepid group of economists, political scientists, and sociologists have harnessed the genomics revolution to paint a more complete picture of human social life than ever before. The Genome Factor describes the latest astonishing discoveries being made at the scientific frontier where genomics and the social sciences intersect. The Genome Factor reveals that there are real genetic differences by racial ancestry--but ones that don't conform to what we call black, white, or Latino. Genes explain a significant share of who gets ahead in society and who does not, but instead of giving rise to a genotocracy, genes often act as engines of mobility that counter social disadvantage. An increasing number of us are marrying partners with similar education levels as ourselves, but genetically speaking, humans are mixing it up more than ever before with respect to mating and reproduction. These are just a few of the many findings presented in this illuminating and entertaining book, which also tackles controversial topics such as genetically personalized education and the future of reproduction in a world where more and more of us are taking advantage of cheap genotyping services like 23andMe to find out what our genes may hold in store for ourselves and our children. The Genome Factor shows how genomics is transforming the social sciences--and how social scientists are integrating both nature and nurture into a unified, comprehensive understanding of human behavior at both the individual and society-wide levels. "--