Suchergebnisse

This paper develops a learning model of cultural change to investigate why women's labor force participation (LFP) and attitudes toward women's work both changed dramatically. In the model, women's beliefs about the long-run payoff from working evolve endogenously via an intergenerational learning process. This process generically generates the data's S-shaped LFP curve and introduces a novel role for wage changes via their effect on the speed of intergenerational learning. The calibrated model does a good job of replicating the evolution of female LFP in the United States over the last 120 years and finds that the new role for wages was quantitatively significant.

The article presents Hungarian electorate's preferences in the time of transition and democratic consolidation beginning in 1990. The preferences are confrontated with results of parliamentary elections held in 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006 and 2010. Author tries to show how the left and right preference division developed on the basis of socioeconomic cleavages. The evolution of Hungarian electorate preferences has moved toward bidimensional "left – right" structure since the elections in 1998, yet first symptoms appeared in 1994 when post-socialis party MSzP won the elections. Since then only this party and rightist Fidesz were able to succeed and create Hungarian governments.

This article explores the complex interactions between national citizenship and local citizenship in the divided city of Belfast, Northern Ireland, as they are emerging a decade after the 1998 Good Friday peace agreement was signed. Utilizing in-depth, qualitative interviews with citizens with varied community roles and perspectives, combined with a media survey, this article addresses the question of how local citizenship is evolving in Belfast and how the evolution of a shared local citizenship may ultimately affect national citizenship. The study of this unique case sheds light on the broader theoretical question of the relationship between local and national citizenship within a democratic polity.

This article analyses the composition and evolution of migrants' personal networks during their settlement process. Migration studies have emphasized the relational dimension of the migration process, but the topic has rarely been analysed systematically using social network analysis. Based on ego-network analysis and interviews with Ecuadorian and Moroccan immigrants in Catalonia, this article shows the diversity of configurations of migrants' personal networks and their evolution: over the years only some migrants break their ties with the society of origin and substitute them with contacts with locals; others maintain or increase transnational ties; and yet others create co-ethnic ties in the host country. This diversity is explained in the article by examining migrant characteristics and circumstances prior to migration, such as the details of their migration projects and the features of their pre-migratory contacts. The results show that the interaction of gender with the organization of the migration process seems to have a strong impact on the evolution of these networks. At a methodological level, social network analysis proves to be a fruitful strategy for analysing the diverse incorporation of migrants into the host society.

It is generally recognized that the formation of the fold-and-thrust tectonic structures of mobile belts on continents is associated with crushing and narrowing of the Earth's crust as a result of collision of lithospheric plates. The deformation of the Caucasian lithosphere in the neotectonic time is generally consistent with these ideas. However, the block differentiation of the Caucasian lithosphere introduces specific features in the directivity of modern vertical and horizontal movements. In this paper, we analyze vertical movements of the Caucasus estimated by means of high-precision leveling over more than a century and consider their spatial correlation with tectonics, seismicity, stress-strain state, and geophysical fields. A clear relationship indicating the deep tectonic nature of the long-term uplifting of the Caucasus crust is revealed.
Due to the differentiation of the Arabian plate movement, the territory of the Caucasus is divided into provinces that differ from each other in the pattern of modern movements, in the orientation of faults, and in the stress-strain state. The seismic regime in these provinces also has differences in the number of seismic events and focal mechanisms of the earthquakes. We propose a model of the deformation mechanism of the Greater Caucasus, which takes into account the long-term trend of the Caucasus uplifting in the conditions of general shortening of the Earth's crust. The results of the analysis are used as a basis for discussion of a probable mechanism of tectonic evolution of the Greater Caucasus in the neotectonic time, which can be used in the assessment of seismic hazard in the North Caucasus.