Suchergebnisse

"The Tourism Infrastructure of Sălaj County. The paper represents the third part of a larger study concerning tourism in Sălaj County, taking into consideration the tourism infrastructure in the county. The paper analysed statistical data regarding the accommodation establishments and their capacity, available online from the National Institute of Statistics (TEMPO-ONLINE database) for a period of 33 years, between 1990 and 2022. The total number of accommodation establishments dropped from 23 in 1990 to 16 in 2007, but then increased significantly, reaching 127 accommodation units in 2022. Most of these recently emerged units, such as bungalows and guesthouses, have however a small capacity. Therefore, the evolution in terms of the total number of available beds in certified accommodation units has not been equally spectacular. There was the same decreasing trend, from 1922 beds in 1990, to 754 beds in 2008, followed by an increase, which nevertheless reached a maximal value of 1923 beds in 2016. Since then, the overall capacity has slightly decreased. Most of the beds are currently available in accommodation establishments located in towns (mainly in Zalău) and spa resorts, especially in hotels, hostels, and guesthouses. The general trend in recent years has been to improve the degree of comfort, which in Zalău gave rise to several 4-star hotels, in addition to the existent 3-star hotels. Recreational facilities are mainly available in the two spa resorts, Băile Boghiș and Bizușa-Băi, but there are some similar facilities in Zalău, Jibou and Șimleu Silvaniei, while most of the seats in public catering facilities are located in Zalău, Boghiș and Ip. The positive trend in terms of tourism infrastructure is expected to be maintained in the following years, as tourism is the economic activity most likely to be strategically important for the sustainable development of Sălaj County in the future. Keywords: Sălaj County, tourism infrastructure, accommodation units, recreational facilities, Romania. "

Diaphonization is a technique used in developmental biology, anatomy, and comparative morphology to visualize and study the internal structures of small organisms. In this study, we used diaphonization to visualize the development of chicken embryos (Gallus gallus). Diaphonization was performed on chicken eggs at different stages of development, from 10 to 13 days of incubation, and the resulting specimens were analyzed using microscopy. The results suggest that for embryos older than 14 days, a longer storage time in 1% KOH is recommended (approximately 30% longer incubation time compared to the original protocol). In the case of more developed chicken embryos, it is also recommended to carry out evisceration. These results provide insight into the early stages of avian development and may have applications in the fields of developmental biology and anatomy.
Keywords: diaphonization protocol, chicken embryo development, skeletal visualization, developmental biology, avian skeletal adaptation.

"In the present paper, we discuss the theoretical and methodological benefits of refining the current models which are focused on the influence of culture on human development based on theoretical models and empirical findings which stem from the situated cognition approach on culture. Firstly, to illustrate the current approach on culture and human development, we review the Ecocultural Model of Development, which focuses on the manner in which caregivers' cultural models are associated with their parental beliefs (i.e., socialization goals and parental ethnotheories), their parental practices and ultimately with the child's development. Secondly, we explore two models based on a situated cognition approach: the Cultural Task analysis model and the Culture as Situated Cognition approach. Based on the assumptions of these models and findings from our own lab, we discuss how we can theoretically refine current models which focus on the influence of culture on human development, and what methodological approaches these refinements can lead us to. In the paper we also outline several avenues for future research that stem from the reconceptualization of the influence of culture on human development, from a situated cognition perspective. Keywords: culture; human development; situated cognition; parental beliefs; cultural models"

"Faced with an abundant array of professional paths to follow upon graduation, some of them not even in their own domain, many tourism students steer their future career towards tour-guiding. After all, being paid to travel the world and meet new people is not at all a bad start to the hospitality industry. However, a tour guide's role is a very complex one: from facilitating the transmission of cultural/ historical/geographical information to mediating communication in a pluricultural space; from physically leading the tourists' group through the meandering city streets to solving tourist-host linguistic misunderstandings, to name just a few. A plethora of communication and soft skills are involved in exercising this job and in preparing students to practice it to the highest standards possible. The current presentation endeavors to delineate the skills and activities an ESP teacher should focus on for best preparing the students for this job. In this respect, the teacher's perspective has been generously influenced by the students' own perceptions on their potential new career and the knowledge they extracted from their specialism courses. Keywords: tour guiding, mediating communication, facilitating pluricultural space, cultural ambassadors, communication and soft skills."

"Geographical Axes and Mobility. Case Study: Cluj County. The movements of goods, people and information from one point to another have always represented important elements of human society. This mobility can take many forms from public transportation to private transportation or biking. The need of a developed transport system increased with the economic changes and growth of Cluj County, to satisfy the urban mobility. Moreover the direction for the expanding of this sector should be first of all sustainable, environmentally-friendly, a solution to decongest the traffic and must involve not only the government or the local authorities, but also the private and industrial sectors. Keywords: environmental, transportation axes, sustainability, green logistics. "

Marginalisation is present all over the world in different forms. "La Terenuri" [At the Playgrounds] initiative in ClujNapoca, Romania, can be considered a good practice example of how urban marginalisation can be diminished through grassroots initiatives. In the heart of a green plateau, where urban planning was not performed, Colectiv A Association, an NGO, started to reshape the area, involving local communities and groups. The research material includes interviews, articles from newspapers, posts on social media and documents created by the Municipality of Cluj-Napoca. Results showed that Colectiv A Association had co-created diverse activities and events to involve the inhabitants of Mănăștur neighbourhood into the regeneration of the public space: workshops, gardening activities, debates, cleaning actions, festivals, Mănăștur's Days, petitions, etc. The lessons learnt and the experiences of "La Terenuri" argue for more adaptive urban planning, which identifies solutions to residents' needs, aspirations, and desires.

Polylactic acid (PLA) may be regarded as an analogue of a poly-alanine oligo/polypeptide, where the amino group has been replaced by a hydroxyl. As a consequence, a series of studies have explored the possibility that PLA can adopt peptide-type secondary structures – i.e., repetitive structural patterns characterized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds between neighboring functional groups. To this end, computational techniques (molecular mechanics, semiempirical, Hartree-Fock, density functional theory DFT) geometry optimizations of isolated oligomers of lactic acid (generally ten-unit oligomers), or oligomers attached to solid surfaces, or dimers have been reported, as well as spectral simulations thereof - looking at relative stabilities of helices (α, π, 310), and β sheets. A significant variation in the predicted structures and spectra was noted, depending on the computational method employed. With the most accurate method available (a DFT functional parametrized especially for describing non-covalent interactions), in isolated PLA models the π helix was found to be the most likely structure, closely followed by the 310 helix, and β sheets being the least stable. We review here these data and add two important elements: (1) first, a comparison with an experimentally-derived model of PLA, proposed by De Santis, and (2) second, a Ramachandran analysis of the Φ and Ψ angles in the optimized geometries. It is shown that (1) the De Santis structure is in fact slightly more stable than the helices, and (2) the optimized geometries in fact stray far from the initial Φ, Ψ values – to the extent that all of the peptide-like secondary structures in fact end up as turns (mostly type III β turns), while the DFT-optimized De Santis structure has no classical correspondent in the Ramachandran series of secondary structures.