Suchergebnisse

Full nuclear disarmament and the effective non-proliferation of atomic weapons are two of the most challenging aspirations of humankind. To tackle these issues, most analysts focus on the experiences of nuclear-weapon-owning states. A different perspective is taken here, however, by drawing lessons regarding global non-proliferation and disarmament from one of the most successful cases of compliance worldwide: namely, Latin America.
Today, Latin America is one of the world's most compliant regions in nuclear non-proliferation and a key advocate of atomic disarmament. It was the first densely populated region in the world to become a nuclear-weapon-free zone; it hosts the only bilateral safeguard agency worldwide; and, it houses large reservoirs of uranium and other fissionable materials.
Historically, nonetheless, Latin America showed variation in state behaviour vis-à-vis nuclear affairs, with some countries being proactive within the non-proliferation regime and others distancing themselves from it. It is, therefore, a relevant case to consider when looking for lessons on global non-proliferation and disarmament.
Three lessons can be drawn from its experience: a broad understanding of confidence-building measures is vital to facilitate lasting trust among countries; institutional creativity is imperative in the nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament realms; and, good communication is crucial to compliance.
Latin America's experiences with non-proliferation and disarmament efforts can be applied to Europe, the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia. Effective nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation depends on creating background conditions for cooperation, trust, and institutions. These elements must lead to a cognitive change in how people understand the nature of nuclear weapons.

Abstract
There has been increased research examining conservation rangers. Little is known, however, about female rangers, including their primary roles and workplace environment. Few studies have examined the profession within a Latin American context. This qualitative study explores ranger respondents' perceptions towards the role, recruitment, and working environment of female rangers in Latin American countries. Based on data obtained from interviews with 28 respondents across 11 countries, findings suggest female rangers' roles are largely consistent with that of their male counterparts. However, different strengths were highlighted. Additionally, female involvement in the profession was attributed to national employment-based quotas, increased education and exposure, and the presence of women in leadership. Factors that led to a supportive work environment for female rangers included camaraderie, opportunities for professional development and growth, and attentive supervisors and subordinates. Conversely, the persistence of a machismo culture and discriminatory policies and practices were viewed as obstacles. Findings have several implications regarding gender diversity within the ranger profession. Discussion on academic-practitioner collaborations is also provided.

Recent debates about the return of colonially looted heritage have furthered the discussions on decolonisation around the world, and have reignited questions surrounding "what is, and who owns, cultural heritage". These discourses in the meaning, production and management of heritage - with a growing presence of themes that address "Latinities" - have gained greater visibility in Latin America and the Caribbean, as challenges surrounding cultural heritage arise more prominently worldwide. The attention on this region aims to contextualise the various theoretical, empirical, and critical perspectives in relation to the negotiation of decolonisation. Hence, this book focuses on the analysis of diverse modes of confronting the power underlying colonial heritage that can contribute to pushing boundaries and persuading changes in pre-established definitions of political thought and local identities. To this end, the chapters in this book focus on a wide scope of topics, ranging from the repatriation and restitution of cultural heritage, and diasporic movements to decolonial practices around monuments, museums, and education. In so doing, this volume challenges stereotypes that made Latin America and the Caribbean a space of mere reproducibility of external ideas, and instead provides a space to show current decolonial perspectives and practices developed in the region that will enrich the international debate on the contestation of colonial legacies and decolonisation of cultural heritage

Introduction -- Places of enlightenment : colonial discourse and the geopolitics of knowledge in the Age of Enlightenment -- Purus ab omnia Macula Sanguinis : the apparatus of whiteness in New Granada -- Imperial biopolitics : health and disease under the Bourbon reforms -- Illegitimate knowledges : the Enlightenment as apparatus of epistemic expropriation -- Striated spaces : geography, territorial politics, and population control -- Epilogue.

Annotation