Form, Structure and Mechanism

In: Springer eBook Collection

Abstract

1 Preliminaries -- 1.1 The scope of this book -- 1.2 The anatomy of design -- 1.3 The conceptual stage -- 1.4 General aids to design -- 1.5 Combinative methods: tables of options -- 1.6 Repêchage and reviews -- 1.7 Recurrent problems in design -- 1.8 Combination and separation of functions -- 1.9 Summary -- 2 Structures -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Structural elements: rods, ties and struts -- 2.3 Beams -- 2.4 Plates -- 2.5 Torsion -- 2.6 Thin-walled pressure vessels -- 2.7 Contact stresses -- 2.8 An example: bathroom scales -- 2.9 Bathroom scales: refinements and details -- 2.10 Springs -- 2.11 Structures, springs, energy and stiffness: pertinacity -- 3 Abutments and Joints -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The form of abutments -- 3.3 Screwed fastenings -- 3.4 Joints -- 3.5 Stator blade fixing -- 3.6 Joint efficiency -- 3.7 Offset bolted joints: lugs -- 3.8 General principles applied to joint design -- 3.9 Register in joints: intersection problems -- 3.10 Alternating loads on bolted joints -- 3.11 Sealing -- 4 Freedom and Constraints: Bearings -- 4.1 Degrees of freedom -- 4.2 Shafts and bearings -- 4.3 The principle of least constraint: kinematic design -- 4.4 Epicyclic gears -- 4.5 Bearings -- 4.6 Hydrostatic bearings -- 4.7 Hydrodynamic bearings: squeeze action -- 4.8 Hydrodynamic bearings: wedge action -- 4.9 Rolling-element bearings -- 5 Various Principles -- 5.1 Insight and abstraction -- 5.2 Biasing -- 5.3 Force paths -- 5.4 A cylinder head joint -- 5.5 Bevel gear mounting -- 5.6 Gear pump -- 5.7 Nesting and stacking -- 5.8 Guiding principles for choosing nesting orders -- 5.9 Other aspects of nesting -- 5.10 Summary of guiding principles for nesting orders -- 5.11 Flexural elements -- 5.12 Easements -- 6 Materials and Manufacturing Methods -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials, manufacture and design philosophies -- 6.3 The effect of density -- 6.4 Choice of material -- 6.5 Figures of merit -- 6.6 The relation between form and manufacturing method -- 6.7 New materials and processes -- 6.8 Aids to material selection -- 7 Pneumatic Quarter-turn Actuators -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Fundamental considerations -- 7.3 Aspect ratio -- 7.4 Table of options -- 7.5 Studying a combination -- 7.6 Two good designs -- 7.7 Summary -- 8 Epicyclic Gears -- 8.1 The function of the planet carrier -- 8.2 Increasing the stiffness by asymmetry -- 8.3 Local form design -- 8.4 Joint location and design -- 8.5 'Alexandrian' solutions -- 8.6 The choice of embodiment -- 8.7 Another solution -- 8.8 Other aspects of epicyclic gearing -- 9 Hydraulic Pumps -- 9.1 The swash-plate pump -- 9.2 Valve plate design -- 9.3 Eliminating the valve plate -- 9.4 Virtues and limitations of the swash-plate pump -- 9.5 The bent-axis pump -- 9.6 An elegant bent-axis pump -- 9.7 Combining the virtues of swash-plate and bent-axis -- 10 Miscellaneous Examples -- 10.1 Connecting rods -- 10.2 A suitcase handle and a suspension arm -- 10.3 A window stay -- 10.4 The Challenger disaster -- 11 The Principles of Design -- 11.1 An emerging discipline -- 11.2 Least constraint and kinematic design -- 11.3 Separation and combination of functions -- 11.4 Design mating surfaces or abutments -- 11.5 Clarity of function -- 11.6 Short direct force-paths -- 11.7 Matching and disposition -- 11.8 Nesting order and related principles -- 11.9 Avoiding arbitrary decisions: combining good features.