Buch(elektronisch)2023

Microplastics: Behavior, Fate, and Remediation

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Abstract

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part I: Characterization of Microplastics -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Background -- The Plastics Waste Problem -- Management of Plastic Waste -- Microplastics -- Size Ranges of MPs -- Morphology of MPs -- Hazards of MPs -- The Food Web -- Hazards and Humans -- MPs Sorb and Transport Contaminants -- Closing Statements -- References -- Chapter 2: Polymer Chemistry and Properties -- Introduction -- Classification of Polymers -- Thermoplastics and Thermosets -- Elastomers -- Polymerization Method -- Chain Type -- Copolymer Blends -- Crystallinity -- Additives -- Plasticizers -- Flame Retardants -- Antioxidants -- Heat Stabilizers -- Curing Agents -- Slip and Antiblocking Agents -- Antistatic Agents -- Biocides -- Colorants -- Unreacted Monomers and Oligomers -- Closing Statements -- References -- Chapter 3: Microplastic Types -- Introduction -- Primary MPs -- Nurdles -- Microbeads -- Composition -- Implications -- Secondary MPs -- Conversion of Macroplastics to Secondary MPs -- Photodegradation -- Air Pollution -- Hydrolysis -- Thermal -- Mechanical -- Microbial -- Important Secondary MPs -- Tire and Road Wear Particles -- Particulates from Tire Wear -- Plastics in Road Construction -- Road-Marking Materials -- Thermoplastic Road-Marking Paint -- Water-Based Paints -- Solvent-Based Paints -- Two-Component Paints -- Road-Marking Tape -- Hazardous Substances in Road-Marking Products -- Microfibers -- Manufacture -- Washing -- Disposal -- Implications -- Closing Statements -- References -- Chapter 4: Distribution of Microplastics in the Biosphere -- Introduction -- MPs in Marine Ecosystems -- Beaches -- MPs in Freshwater Ecosystems -- MPs in Terrestrial Ecosystems -- Closing Statements -- References.