El niño Ready Nations and Disaster Risk Reduction: 19 Countries in Perspective

In: Disaster Studies and Management Series

Abstract

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Notes on the Text -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 Introduction to El Niño -- 2 El Niño and Its Effects -- 3 What El Niño Can Do: Mapping Global and Regional Hotspots -- 4 Forecasting El Niño and What It Means to Be "El Niño Ready" -- 5 Deconstructing Readiness -- 6 Limits to Readiness -- 7 Being Ready: The Who, the by When, and the to What Degree -- 8 Strategic and Tactical Responses -- 9 Using El Niño History and Science -- 10 Climate Change and ENSO -- 11 "Mostly El Niño": Uncertainty and Degrees of Attribution -- References -- East Asia -- China -- 1 Climate, Water, and Weather Setting -- 2 Strength and Reliability of El Niño Teleconnections in China -- 3 Forecasting El Niño -- 4 El Niño Analogue Years Noted -- 5 Early Warning -- 6 CMA's El Niño Information and Forecasts -- 7 First Observations of 2015-2016 El Niño -- 8 Impacts Across China -- 9 Regional Impacts of El Niño -- 10 Government and NMHS -- 11 Inter-Agencies Involved with El Niño Forecasts and Impacts -- 12 Media Coverage -- 13 Hurdles and Obstacles -- 14 El Niño-Related Surprises -- 15 Some Lessons Learned from El Niño Events -- References -- South Asia -- The Maldives -- 1 Political and Economic Setting -- 2 Climate of Maldives -- 3 Strength of El Niño Teleconnections in Maldives -- 4 Challenges in Communicating El Niño to and Its Impacts on Society -- 5 Forecasting El Niño for Maldives -- 6 Teleconnections During the 2014-16 El Niño and Their Impacts -- 6.1 2014-2016 El Niño Event -- 6.2 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) -- 6.3 Indian Ocean Warming -- 6.4 Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) -- 7 Climate Over Maldives, 2014-2016 -- 7.1 Rainfall -- 7.2 Temperature -- 8 What Were the Impacts on the Maldives? -- 8.1 Coral Bleaching -- 8.2 Flooding -- 8.3 Dengue -- 8.4 Fisheries -- 9 Hurdles and Obstacles -- 10 Lessons -- References -- Pakistan.