The Handbook of Carbon Accounting
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Figures and tables -- List of acronyms and abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. The birth of carbon accounting -- The greenhouse effect: a natural phenomenon amplified by human activity -- Sustained growth of GHG emissions -- Climate change affects many ecosystems -- Political recognition of the problem: from Rio to Doha -- 2. The basic principles of carbon accounting -- Units of measurement -- Biogenic carbon and carbon sinks -- The particular case of the aviation sector -- Calculation or measurement? The role of emission factors -- Primary and secondary data -- The concept of boundaries -- 3. Official inventories: the territory-based approach -- The national inventory report -- The IPCC guidelines -- Methodologies within the EU ETS -- EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) -- Global Protocol for Community Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) -- 4. Voluntary inventories: the "footprint" approach -- Introduction to carbon footprints -- Organizational carbon footprints -- Carbon footprints for products -- Towards international standardization? -- Towards global carbon disclosure for products? -- 5. Monetary inventories: what is the cost of a tonne of CO2? -- Cost-benefit analysis of climate action -- Cost-effectiveness analysis of climate action -- Towards a shadow price of carbon? -- 6. Internalizing physico-chemical inventories in economic and political decisions -- Various complementary tools -- Carbon taxes -- Taxes or a carbon market? -- Constituent elements of a carbon market -- Setting up a carbon market -- Kyoto and the carbon market -- The European carbon market -- Other carbon markets -- Voluntary offsetting for GHG emissions -- Conclusion -- Annex: A Practical guide to calculate, reduce, offset and disclose your carbon footprint -- Glossary -- Bibliography