A general protocol of ultra-high resolution MR angiography to image the cerebro-vasculature in 6 different rats strains at high field

Open Access

Abstract

Background Differences in the cerebro-vasculature among strains as well as individual animals might explain variability in animal models and thus, a non-invasive method tailored to image cerebral vessel of interest with high signal to noise ratio is required. New method Experimentally, we describe a new general protocol of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography to visualize non-invasively the cerebral vasculature in 6 different rat strains. Flow compensated angiograms of Sprague Dawley, Wistar Kyoto, Lister Hooded, Long Evans, Fisher 344 and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat strains were obtained without the use of contrast agents. At 11.7 T using a repetition time of 60 ms, an isotropic resolution of up to 62 μm was achieved; total imaging time was 98 min for a 3D data set. Results The visualization of the cerebral arteries was improved by removing extra-cranial vessels prior to the calculation of maximum intensity projection to obtain the angiograms. Ultimately, we demonstrate that the newly implemented method is also suitable to obtain angiograms following middle cerebral artery occlusion, despite the presence of intense vasogenic edema 24 h after reperfusion. Comparison with existing methods The careful selection of the excitation profile and repetition time at a higher static magnetic field allowed an increase in spatial resolution to reliably detect of the hypothalamic artery, the anterior choroidal artery as well as arterial branches of the peri-amygdoidal complex and the optical nerve in six different rat strains. Conclusions MR angiography without contrast agent can be utilized to study cerebro-vascular abnormalities in various animal models. ; This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project SAF2014-53413-R), the Basque Government (PI_2015_1_53), and Ikerbasque (the Basque Research Foundation).