Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass

Open Access

Abstract

Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p < 5 x 10(-8)) or suggestively genome wide (p < 2.3 x 10(-6)). Replication in 63,475 (47,227 of European ancestry) individuals from 33 cohorts for whole body lean body mass and in 45,090 (42,360 of European ancestry) subjects from 25 cohorts for appendicular lean body mass was successful for five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near HSD17B11, VCAN, ADAMTSL3, IRS1, and FTO for total lean body mass and for three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near VCAN, ADAMTSL3, and IRS1 for appendicular lean body mass. Our findings provide new insight into the genetics of lean body mass. ; NIH [N01 AG 12100, U01 HL72515, U01 GM074518, R01 HL088119, R01 AR046838, U01 HL084756, N01-AG-12100, U24AG051129]; NIA Intramural Research Program, Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association); Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament); Mid-Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center of Maryland [P30 DK072488]; NIH/NIAMS [F32AR059469]; American Heart Association [10SDG2690004]; NHLBI [N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85080, N01-HC-85081, N01-HC-85082, N01-HC-85083, N01-HC-85084, N01-HC-85085, N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-35129, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, N01-HC-85239, HL080295, HL087652, HL105756, HL103612, HL120393, HL130114]; NINDS; NIA [AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, AG-027058, 1R01AG032098-01A1]; National Center for Research Resources [UL1RR033176]; CTSI [UL1TR000124]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease grant [DK063491]; Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center; GlaxoSmithKline; Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne; Swiss National Science Foundation [33CSCO-122661, 33CS30-139468, 33CS30-148401]; deCODE Genetics, ehf; Cancer Research United Kingdom; Medical Research Council; EU [LSHM-CT-2003-503041]; Wellcome Trust [WT098051, WT089062, WT098017]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Erasmus MC; Centre for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB); European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), ENGAGE Consortium [HEALTH-F4-2007-201413]; Wellcome Trust; Support for Science Funding programme; CamStrad; Danish Council for Independent Research [DFF-1333-00124, DFF-1331-00730B]; US National Institute for Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institute on Aging [U24AG051129, R01 AR 41398, R01AR057118]; FP7-PEOPLE-Marie Curie Career Integration Grants (CIG); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study [N01-HC-25195]; Affymetrix, Inc. [N02-HL-6-4278]; Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Medical Center; Genome Quebec; Genome Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Swedish Research Council; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; ALF/LUA research grant in Gothenburg; Lundberg Foundation; Emil and Vera Cornell Foundation; Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg's Foundation; Petrus and Augusta Hedlunds Foundation; Vastra Gotaland Foundation; Goteborg Medical Society; German Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technology [01 AK 803 A-H, 01 IG 07015G]; National Institutes of Aging; National Institutes of Health [HHSN268200782096C, R01 AG 041517, M01 RR-00750]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Library of Medicine. Kora; Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); State of Bavaria; German National Genome Research Network [NGFN-2, NGFNPlus: 01GS0823]; Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health) as part of LMUinnovativ; British Heart Foundation; Kidney Research UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) programme grant; Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) [050-060-810]; Erasmus Medical Center; Erasmus University, Rotterdam; Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw); Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE); Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports; European Commission (DG XII); Municipality of Rotterdam; National Institute on Aging grants [R01AG17917, R01AG15819, R01AG24480]; Illinois Department of Public Health; Rush Clinical Translational Science Consortium; Arthritis Research UK; Chronic Disease Research Foundation; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award; Israel Science Foundation [994/10]; NIA Intramural Research Program; Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [16SV5536K, 16SV5537, 16SV5538, 16SV5837, 01UW0808]; Max Planck Institute for Human Development (MPIB); Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (MPIMG); Charite University Medicine; German Institute for Economic Research (DIW); University of Lubeck in Lubeck, Germany; Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) the Hague [6130.0031]; NZO (Dutch Dairy Association), Zoetermeer; Orthica, Almere; NCHA (Netherlands Consortium Healthy Ageing) Leiden/Rotterdam; Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation, the Hague [KB-15-004-003]; Wageningen University, Wageningen; VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam; Healthway Health Promotion Foundation of Western Australia; Australasian Menopause Society; Australian National Health and Medical Research Council [254627, 303169, 572604]; National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Career Development Fellowship; Karen Elise Jensen foundation; NIH from NHLBI [R01-HL-117078, R01-HL-087700, R01-HL-088215]; NIH from NIDDK [R01-DK-089256, R01-DK-075681]; Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics [213506, 129680]; Academy of Finland [251217, 136895, 141005, 139635, 129494, 269517]; Finnish foundation for Cardiovascular Research; Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation; Finnish Diabetes Research Society; Samfundet Folkhalsann; Novo Nordisk Foundation; Liv och Halsa; Finska Lakaresallskapet; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; University of Helsinki; European Science Foundation (EUROSTRESS); Ministry of Education; Ahokas Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Juho Vainio Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S1734, S3486]; NIAMS Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center grant [5-P60-AR30701]; NIAMS Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center grant [5 P60 AR49465-03]; Research Program - Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2001-347-6111-221, 2002-347-6111-221, 2009-E71007-00, 2010-E71004-00]; Helmholtz Center Munich; German Research Center for Environmental Health; British Heart Foundation Grant [SP/04/002]; Academy of Finland; Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Foundation; Strategic Research Funding from the University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio; EVO grant from the Kuopio University Hospital [5263]; Swedish Research Council [2006-3832, K2009-53X-14691-07-3, K2010-77PK-21362-01-2, 2008-2202, 2005-8214]; Greta and Johan Kock Foundation; A. Pahlsson Foundation; A. Osterlund Foundation; Malmo University Hospital Research Foundation; Research and Development Council of Region Skane, Sweden; Swedish Medical Society; National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS); NIH Roadmap for Medical Research [U01 AG027810, U01 AG042124, U01 AG042139, U01 AG042140, U01 AG042143, U01 AG042145, U01 AG042168, U01 AR066160, UL1 TR000128]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) [RC2ARO58973]; FAS [2007-2125]; Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government [CZB/4/276, CZB/4/710]; Royal Society; MRC Human Genetics Unit; Arthritis Research UK [17539]; European Union framework program 6 EUROSPAN project [LSHG-CT-2006-018947]; ALF/LUA research grants from Uppsala university hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; European Union Grant [QLG1-CT-2001-01252]; AstraZeneca; SHIP, part of the Community Medicine Research Network of the University of Greifswald, Germany; Federal Ministry of Education and Research [01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, 01ZZ0403]; Ministry of Cultural Affairs; Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania; network "Greifswald Approach to Individualized Medicine (GANI_MED)" - Federal Ministry of Education and Research [03IS2061A]; Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany; National Institute on Aging (NIA) [R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, R01 AG027576]; Wallenberg foundation; Medical Research Council (UK); Republic of Croatia Ministry of Science, Education and Sports [108-1080315-0302]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services [N01WH22110, 24152, 32100-2, 32105-6, 32108-9, 32111-13, 32115, 32118-32119, 32122, 42107-26, 42129-32, 44221]; US National Institutes of Health grants [1-ZIA-HG000024, U01DK062370, R00DK099240]; American Diabetes Association Pathway to Stop Diabetes Grant [1-14-INI-07]; Academy of Finland Grants [271961, 272741, 258753]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, USA; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [HL57453]; [HHSN268201200036C] ; This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. 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