Патріотичне виховання в республіці Польща: нормативні засади ; Patriotic Education in the Respublic of Poland: Legal Foundations

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано ключові нормативно-правові акти, які лягли в основу виховання патріотизму в Республіці Польща. З'ясовано основоположні світоглядні засади європейських нормативно-правових документів із патріотичного виховання. Проаналізовано основний Закон про освіту, його положення про патріотичне виховання, їх практичне застосування на всіх етапах освітнього процесу та в різних напрямах освітньої діяльності. Виявлено ключові засади таких строкових програмних документів, як «Патріотизм завтрашнього дня» та «Незалежний 2018». Робиться висновок, що польський досвід є прекрасним зразком для розбудови сучасної гнучкої системи національно-патріотичного виховання в Україні. ; The article analyzes the key legal acts that formed the basis of the education of patriotism in the Republic of Poland. Legislation common to all Eurozone countries and created exclusively for the neighboring country was highlighted. The fundamental worldview principles of European regulations on patriotic education were clarified. It was determined that work in this direction had been carried out for more than 30 years. The main idea of the normative acts in the field of patriotic education was highlighted: determination of basic competences necessary for becoming an active citizen of a democratic society and studying ways to acquire them, creating conditions for lifelong learning of citizenship. The problems with patriotic upbringing in the Republic of Poland and the reasons for the creation of separate legal acts for the country were considered. The main Law on Education, its provisions on patriotic education, their practical application at all stages of the educational process and in various areas of educational activity were analyzed. The key principles of such urgent program documents as "Patriotism of Tomorrow" and "Independent 2018" were identified. The work of the Polish government on public opinion research in matters of respect and trust for the government, love to the Motherland was considered. It was noted that the long-term government program "Independent 2018" is designed to strengthen the unity of Poles and is timed to the centenary of Poland's independence, and "Patriotism of Tomorrow" is a nationwide grant program that helps to identify and disseminate knowledge of Polish history and supports initiatives which involve communities in activities dedicated to the research and promotion of local heritage and culture. In general, it was concluded that the country is constantly focusing on the problem of patriotic education, developing new ways of effective work on patriotic education, but sociological research shows the lack of such a base to maintain a proper level of patriotic consciousness, so new developments are constantly under way to overcome this problem. As a result, emphasis was placed on the fact that the Polish experience is an excellent example for building a modern and flexible system of national and patriotic education in Ukraine.